scholarly journals Compartment pressure changes after closed fractures of tibia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Manju G. Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Compartment Pressure ◽  
Intracompartmental Pressure ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Closed Fractures ◽  
Upper Third

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Compartment syndrome is a potentially devastating situation. Raised intracompartmental pressure has been implicated as the primary pathogenic factor in compartment syndrome. The purpose of the study was early detection of compartment syndrome and corroborating the findings with other physical signs and symptoms, to prevent the onset of ischaemia and subsequent tissue changes that lead to crippling deformities.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> The present study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics, Pushpagiri medical college hospital, Thiruvalla over a period of 12 months.  Closed fractures of tibia admitted to the casualty unit within 36 hours of injury were selected for the study. A total of 24 patients were included with the majority in the age group of 31– 45 years. Whitesides technique was used to measure the compartment pressure. A differential pressure of less than 30 mm Hg was taken as the criterion for diagnosis of compartment syndrome. </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The present study included 24 patients with affected 25 limbs.15 out of 25 limbs were with lower third fractures (60%) followed by upper third 6 (24%) and middle third 4 (16%). Out of 25 limbs 20 cases (80%) had associated fracture of fibula and 5 (20%) were not associated. In this study, out of 32% cases with increased compartment pressure, one case with upper third fracture (above 45 mm Hg) and one of the case with middle third fracture (20-30 mm Hg) with associated fibula had underwent immediate fasciotomy.</p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Compartment pressure measurement is a very good index for predicting and preventing compartment syndrome. Fasciotomy to fully decompress all involved compartments is the definitive treatment for compartment syndrome in the great majority of cases. Delays in performing fasciotomy increase morbidity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of knowledge and perception regarding pneumonia among the mothers of under-ten children in Tangail, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
M. Masuder Rahman ◽  
M. Khairul Azam
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Pediatric Clinic ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Disease Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Childhood pneumonia is a serious infection and the single largest infectious cause of death in children. The study aims to evaluate knowledge and perception among mothers on pneumonia diseases among the children.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A hospital based study was conducted to describe socio-demographic factors of mothers, their knowledge and perception of pneumonia disease. Study was conducted at Sheikh Hasina Medical College Hospital in Tangail from June to July 2018 by interviewing 215 mothers of children under-ten years attending a pediatric clinic by using structured questionnaire.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The parents were predominantly primary school graduates (70.7%). The majority of the father worked as daily laborer (61.9%) with about 5-10K BDT of family income per month. Around 88.4% of the mothers had fair knowledge about pneumonia. For children treatment, 90.2% parents consulted with qualified doctor, about 10% utilized self-medication. About 44.7% children were suffered from fever during pneumonia, about 42.8% was experienced shortness of breath, and about 28.4% experienced of wheezing. About 90.2% parents believed that the indoor temperature, humidity and air movement has effect on pneumonia. About 92.6% cares of reducing indoor smoke and dust, about 40.5% families have a smoker. The lack of knowledge among mothers about simple signs and symptoms of pneumonia and also about its causes and factors related with it has become important findings of this study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Community based public health education and training for health providers at all levels have to be provided about correct and applicable prevention and assessments of pneumonia.</p>

A RAPID AND CONVENIENT METHOD FOR DETERMINING LIMB COMPARTMENT PRESSURE

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 435-444
Author(s):  
William Chu ◽  
Jiun-Hung Lin ◽  
Shih-Tsang Tang ◽  
Woei-Chyn Chu ◽  
Shuenn-Tsong Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Convenient Method ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Compartment Pressure ◽  
Intracompartmental Pressure ◽  
Wall Displacement ◽  
Cells Death

Compartment syndrome (CS) is the pressure increasing within a confined anatomic space, which results in ischemia to the encompassed tissues and then leads to cells death. If left untreated, CS results in irreversible cell damage, further permanently postischemic scarring and contracture. The intracompartmental pressure is a major diagnostic consideration. Various methods of compartment pressure (CP) measurement have been developed since the late 1800s. They can be classified into invasive and noninvasive categories. Invasive methods are accurate but painful; whereas noninvasive approaches are more comfortable but less accurate. Both methods provide reproducible outcomes but also require specific CP measurement instrument to be performed. This research proposes a rapid and convenient method via examining ultrasonographic fascia wall displacement. For the viscoelastic nature of the compartment fascia, our experiment results have shown the ultrasonographic fascia displacement accurately reflects even small changes of the compartment diameter. There is a strong correlation between compartment pressure and fascia displacement ratio. It also recommends that the ratio of 1.4 could be chosen as the critical value for determining acute compartment syndrome. These results suggest that ultrasonography may serve as an adequate noninvasive tool to monitor CP variations.

scholarly journals The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Management of Acute Compartment Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Donaldson ◽  
Behrooz Haddad ◽  
Wasim S Khan
Keyword(s):  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Surgical Decompression ◽  
Acute Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Interstitial Pressure ◽  
Compartment Pressure ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Ischaemic Damage

Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a surgical emergency warranting prompt evaluation and treatment. It can occur with any elevation in interstitial pressure in a closed osseo-fascial compartment. Resultant ischaemic damage may be irreversible within six hours and can result in long-term morbidity and even death. The diagnosis is largely clinical with the classical description of ‘pain out of proportion to the injury’. Compartment pressure monitors can be a helpful adjunct where the diagnosis is in doubt. Initial treatment is with the removal of any constricting dressings or casts, avoiding hypotension and optimizing tissue perfusion by keeping the limb at heart level. If symptoms persist, definitive treatment is necessary with timely surgical decompression of all the involved compartments. This article reviews the pathophysiology, diagnosis and current management of ACS.

scholarly journals Clinico-pathological Correlation with Liver Enzymes in Dengue Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
A H M Kamal ◽  
K H Mollah ◽  
K E Khuda ◽  
A Lslam ◽  
N Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Hepatic Involvement ◽  
Atypical Manifestations

Dengue infection is a major vector borne disease. The classical signs and symptoms include high fever, severe headache, chill, and rash. Atypical manifestations of dengue infection with hepatic involvement are frequently reported, ranging from mild elevations of liver enzymes to acute liver failure. Analysis of 110 serologically confirmed cases of dengue infection in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College hospital a tertiary care hospital was done. Patients with normal aminotransferase levels were categorized into Grade A, patients with at least one of the enzymes raised above normal but less than 3 times were categorized into Grade B, those with at least one of the enzymes elevated more than 3 times but less than 10 times were graded as C, and those with elevations more than 10 times as Grade D. 83.7% patients had alterations of transaminase levels, with 45.5% categorized into grade b, 30.9% into grade C, and 7.3% into grade D or acute hepatitis (P value 0.224). Rise of aspartate aminotransferase (AS7) levels were higher compared to the levels of alanine aminotransferase (AL7). Liver damage with alteration of aminotransferases is a common manifestation of dengue infection and also valuable markers for monitoring these patients.

scholarly journals Hand Compartment Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis M. Stavrakakis ◽  
George E. Magarakis ◽  
Theodoros H. Tosounidis
Keyword(s):  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Surgical Decompression ◽  
Clinical Image ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Intracompartmental Pressure ◽  
Permanent Loss ◽  
Hand Disability

Compartment syndrome is defined by high pressures in a closed myofascial compartment, which affects initially the muscles and later the nerves and vessels. The hand is rarely affected, but if treated suboptimally, it results to a permanent loss of function. Eleven compartments are included in the hand and wrist. Diagnosis of compartment syndrome of the hand remains challenging. Pain out of proportion of injury and excessive swelling should raise suspicion towards a compartment syndrome. Intracompartmental pressure measurement contributes to the diagnosis, but it is not always reliable. Once the diagnosis of acute compartment syndrome has been made, decompression of all compartments is mandatory, in order to achieve a good outcome. Failing to manage this emergent condition properly leads to a significant hand disability. Our chapter includes the following sections: 1. Introduction. A brief description of the hand compartment syndrome is presented. 2. Anatomy. Special considerations regarding hand compartments are presented, 3. Etiology. 4. Diagnosis. Signs and symptoms are reported, as well as guidelines of the technique of intracompartmental pressure measurement. 5. Treatment. Faciotomies’ indications and operative technique are described in details. 6. Conclusion. Appropriate figures of the clinical image and surgical decompression are presented as well.

scholarly journals A study on the Therapeutic Efficacy of Olopatadine Hydrochloride in the Management of Allergic Conjunctivitis

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Md Abu Nayeem Chowdhury ◽  
AKM Mosharrof Hossain ◽  
MA Hashem Chowdhury ◽  
Shakhawat Hossain Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Ophthalmic Solution ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Drug Adverse Effects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medicine Today ◽  
Olopatadine Hydrochloride

A prospective interventional study was conducted to see the efficacy and safety of a ophthalmic preparation olopatadine hydrochloride (0.1%) on 40 allergic conjunctivitis patients attended the out-patient department of Ophthalmology, Sylhet M.A.G. Osmani Medical College Hospital. One drop of ophthalmic solution was administered 12 hourly in each eye for 2 weeks. Scoring of hyperaemia, itching, tearing, and photophobia were estimated before and 2 weeks after administration of the drug. After 30 min. & 2 weeks of administration of drug adverse effects were assessed if there was any. The mean scores of hyperaemia, tearing, itching and photophobia were reduced after 2 weeks of treatment. The scores of hyperaemia, itching, tearing, photophobia were found to be lower compared to Day 0. This change was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Olopatadine appeared to reduce ocular signs and symptoms in Allergic conjunctivitis . Key words: Olopatadine hydrochloride; Allergic conjunctivitis; Hyperaemia; Tearing; Itching; Photophobia. DOI: 10.3329/medtoday.v22i1.5599 Medicine Today Vol.22(1) 2010. 15-19

scholarly journals A CASE STUDY ON ANJANANAMIKA W.S.R TO STYE

AYUSHDHARA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 2815-2818
Author(s):  
Nisarga M S ◽  
Prakruthi G
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Apocrine Glands ◽  
Mild Pain ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Outer Canthus ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

Stye is an infection of the sebaceous glands of zeis at the base of the eye lashes, or an infection of the apocrine glands of moll. In Ayurvedic science, based on clinical signs and symptoms, stye can be correlated to Anjananamika where the symptoms include Dahatodavatitamrapidaka– i.e., boil which will be in Tamravarna associated with burning sensation and pricking sensation at Vartmapradesha i.e., in the lid and the other symptoms includes Mridvimandaruja– it will be soft and associated with mild pain. The line of treatment of the disease Anjananamika (stye) includes Swedana (hot compress), Nishpidana (pressure applying to drain out pus), Bhedana (incision), Pratisarana (rubbing of medicaments over the lids), Anjana (collyrium). The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of Bidalaka and Aschyotana along with internal medicines. A 19-year female patient approached the Shalakya tantra OPD of Sri Paripoorna Sanathana Ayurveda Medical College, Hospital and Research centre, Nelamangala, Bangalore with the complaints of swelling in the left eye lid since 3 days with mild pain and redness of the eyes. On examination, the whole edge of the left eye lid was oedematous along with the presence of an abscess in outer canthus. On these signs and symptoms, the patient was diagnosed as a case of stye and advised Kriyakalpa based on the Roga and Rogibala along with internal medicines which have given promising results with the complete absence of the symptoms within 10 days.

scholarly journals Perforated Appendicitis with Appendicular Abscess

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
Md Tahminur Rahman ◽  
Abdus Salam Arif ◽  
Md Abdul Wohab Khan ◽  
Mumtahina Setu ◽  
Md Imam Shafique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Perforated Appendicitis ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Paediatric Department ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of

Most patients with acute appendicitis can be easily diagnosed, but there are many in whom the signs and symptoms are quite variable, and a firm clinical diagnosis is often very difficult to establish. Difficulties in the early diagnosis of appendicitis, particularly in children, often lead to life threatening complications, such as gangrene or perforation of the appendix. Here we report a case where a nine-year-old boy presented to the Paediatric Department at Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Hospital in Dhaka in April 2016 with a history of abdominal pain, vomiting & fever that began nine days before admission.Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 8, No. 1: Jan 2017, P 73-75

scholarly journals Oral Nifedipine versus Intravenous Labetalol for Acute Blood Pressure Control in Severe Hypertension of Pregnancy: A Study at Faridpur Medical College Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Smriti Kana Biswas ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Raha ◽  
- Mahbuba
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Severe Hypertension ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Target Blood Pressure ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Flat Dose

The first line antihypertensive treatment for severe hypertension of pregnancy includes labetalol, hydralazine, or nifedipine. Rapid but safe blood pressure control allows the definitive treatment, the delivery of baby to be carried out with minimal delay and good maternal and fetal outcomes. This non-randomized clinical trial was performed in Faridpur Medical College Hospital to compare the effectiveness and tolerability of oral nifedipine and intravenous labetalol in the acute control of severe hypertension of pregnancy. Total 50 admitted pregnant women with a viable fetus (>_ 24 weeks of gestation) having severe hypertension were allocated into two groups, Group A: 25 patients receiving oral nifedipine (10 mg), Group B: 25 patients receiving injectable labetalol (with incremental doses: 20, 40, 80mg). Up to 5 doses were tried for each drug at 15 minutes interval until target blood pressure (<_150/100 mmHg) was achieved. Baseline characteristics like mean age, mean weight, heart rate, systolic and diastolic pressures were similar in both labetalol and nifedipine groups. The average time required to achieve target blood pressure was 30.33 ± 10.44 minutes for labetalol and 25.63 ± 10.12 minutes for nifedipine (p=0.9129). Feto-maternal outcomes and adverse drug related effects were similar among the two groups. Both intravenous labetalol and oral nifedipine were found to be equally effective and well tolerated. Nifedipine may be preferable as it is a simple, flat dose schedule and an oral regimen. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2021;16(1):25-29

scholarly journals COVID-19: Effects on Eye in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Md Sharfuddin Ahmed ◽  
Md Showkat Kabir ◽  
Mazharul Hoque Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Ocular Involvement ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Ocular Signs

COVID-19 is a contagious disease which can spread person to person mainly by respiratory droplet from infected person and contact by contaminated objects or body limbs through the routes nose, mouth, and eyes. To find out the ocular manifestations that are found in Bangladesh during COVID-19 pandemic this descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted to detect the ocular infection and its manifestation among patients admitted at different COVID-19 dedicated hospitals. Total 26 doctor’s (Eye Specialists, ICU Consultants, ICU Residents/ Medical Officers, Consultants of other Specialities, Medical Officers/ Residents) observational and examination findings were recorded in this study who have already completed one or more roster [07 days] duties in Corona Dedicated hospitals to treat the COVID-19 affected patients directly. Total 3,678 patients information from different hospitals were collected and interviews were taken directly or over telephone from the participants. Data collected from the participants based on the observations of physicians during COVID roster duties in different corona dedicated hospitals. Age sex and ocular signs and symptoms found in patients during hospitalization were recorded. Total 08 (eight) Corona dedicated hospitals; one Medical University, five tertiary level Govt. hospitals, one private Medical College hospital and one largest Isolation center of South-Asia were included as study place. Among the cases 66.2% were male and 33.8% female. Maximum patients were in age group 40-60 years [40%] and minimum of them were above 70 years [10%]. Ocular manifestations found in 48 cases and.30 in suspected, total 78 cases found with ocular manifestations. Total 2.121% patients hade ocular manifestations in confirmed and suspected cases. In COVID confirmed cases 1.316% patients hade ocular manifestations. In conclusion, we found several ocular manifestations in patients who are hospitalized as COVID-19 patients. Moreover, the ocular involvement could be the presenting finding of disease. Further studies are required in Bangladesh and this information may be valuable for future studies. Bangladesh Med J. 2020 May; 49(2) : 14-18

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