scholarly journals Clinical profile and deformities in leprosy patients: a record based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Anita Sanker ◽  
Sandhya George ◽  
Sindhu Chunangat Bhaskaramenon
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tribal Area ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by <em>Mycobacterium leprae</em>, infectious in some cases, and affecting the peripheral nervous system, skin and certain other tissues. Even though leprosy was declared eliminated as a public health problem in India on December 2005, new cases of leprosy continue to appear. Hence a study on clinical profile and deformities in all leprosy cases registered in the last 5 years was done to know the current status of leprosy in this area.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective record-based study of leprosy cases done at Government Medical College, Manjeri, for a period of 5 years from October 2014 to September 2019.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 42 cases from the record were included in the study. Maximum cases belonged to the age group of 31 to 40 and males were more than females. 81% of the patients were multibacillary leprosy (MB) and 8 cases belonged to paucibacillary (PB) leprosy. Four child cases were registered as PB cases. Mostly encountered clinical diagnosis was borderline tuberculoid leprosy (23 out of 42) and two had type 1 reaction. Seven patients had deformity of which two had grade 2 deformity and rest had grade 1 deformity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> One patient who presented with grade 2 deformity and type 1 reaction was from tribal area indicating low awareness about leprosy among them. More number of cases in the multibacillary group and presence of child cases and deformities reinforces the need for strict surveillance to eradicate leprosy. </p>

Analysis of the Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Annexin A1 in Multibacillary Leprosy and Reactional Episodes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amilcar Sabino Damazo ◽  
Stephanni Figueiredo da Silva ◽  
Leticia Rossetto da Silva Cavalcante ◽  
Ezequiel Angelo Fonseca Junior ◽  
Joselina Maria da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Suppressor Cell ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Annexin A1 ◽  
Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells ◽  
Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cell ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

Abstract Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Patients have distinct clinical forms, and host´s immunological response regulate those manifestations. In this work, the presence of the myeloid-derived suppressor cell and the regulatory protein annexin A1 is described in patients with multibacillary leprosy and with type 1 and 2 reactions. Methods: Patients were submitted to skin biopsy for histopathological analysis to obtain bacilloscopic index. Immunofluorescence was used to detect myeloid-derived suppressor cells and annexin A1.Results: The data demonstrated that the presence of granulocytic and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in leprosy patients. The high number of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells were observed in lepromatous leprosy and type 2 reactional patients with Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination scar. The presence of annexin A1 was observed in all myeloid-derived suppressor cells. In particularly, the monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell in the lepromatous patients has higher levels of this protein when compared to the reactional patients. This data suggest that the higher expression of this protein may be related to regulatory response against a severe infection, contributing to anergic response. In type 1 reactional patients, the expression of annexin A1 was reduced. Conclusions: Myeloid-derived suppressor cell are present in leprosy patients and annexin A1 might be regulated the host response against Mycobacterium leprae.

scholarly journals Analysis of the myeloid-derived suppressor cells and annexin A1 in multibacillary leprosy and reactional episodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanni Figueiredo da Silva ◽  
Leticia Rossetto da Silva Cavalcante ◽  
Ezequiel Angelo Fonseca Junior ◽  
Joselina Maria da Silva ◽  
José Cabral Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Suppressor Cell ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Annexin A1 ◽  
Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells ◽  
Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cell ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

Abstract Background Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Patients have distinct clinical forms, and the host´s immunological response regulate those manifestations. In this work, the presence of the myeloid-derived suppressor cell and the regulatory protein annexin A1 is described in patients with multibacillary leprosy and with type 1 and 2 reactions. Methods Patients were submitted to skin biopsy for histopathological analysis to obtain a bacilloscopic index. Immunofluorescence was used to detect myeloid-derived suppressor cells and annexin A1. Results The data demonstrated that the presence of granulocytic and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in leprosy patients. A high number of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells were observed in lepromatous leprosy and type 2 reactional patients. The presence of annexin A1 was observed in all myeloid-derived suppressor cells. In particular, the monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell in the lepromatous patients has higher levels of this protein when compared to the reactional patients. This data suggest that the higher expression of this protein may be related to regulatory response against a severe infection, contributing to anergic response. In type 1 reactional patients, the expression of annexin A1 was reduced. Conclusions Myeloid-derived suppressor cell are present in leprosy patients and annexin A1 might be regulated the host response against Mycobacterium leprae.

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF WHO CLASSIFIED MULTIBACILLARY LEPROSY CASES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE, SOUTH KERALA

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
Anita Sanker ◽  
G Nandakumar ◽  
Swapna Balkrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Epidermal Atrophy ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

There are signicant differences in the histopathology of leprosy lesions which is inuenced by the host immune response to Mycobacterium leprae. Objective - To nd the histopathological changes in newly diagnosed multibacillary leprosy(MB) cases registered in the skin department Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram. Method- skin biopsy performed in 40 multibacillary leprosy cases and histopathological ndings were evaluated. 70% showed epidermal atrophy. Granulomas, composed of sheets of foamy macro Results- phages, lymphocytes and epithelioid cells, were seen in 21 cases & twenty two cases were AFB positive. Eight cases each were lepromatous, borderline tuberculoid, mid boderline, borderline lepromatous types. Conclusion- Presence of 60% cases of borderline leprosy indicates the unstable immune response in leprosy patients. Majority were either borderline lepromatous or lepromatous showing the infective nature of multibacillary leprosy. Histopathological examination with Fite- Foroco staining is a crucial method and the gold standard for accurate diagnosis and typing of leprosy.

scholarly journals Analysis of clinical profile of women presenting with pyrexia in pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1406
Author(s):  
Surabhi Porwal ◽  
Amita Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Abdominal Wall Defects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Central Nervous System Defects ◽  
High Risk Situation ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Pyrexia in pregnancy is major public health problem in India. Pyrexia in pregnancy is associated with resorption of the embryo, foetal deaths and potentially lethal malformations such as central nervous system defects, abdominal-wall defects, and cardiovascular malformations. This study was carried out to analyse clinical profile of women presenting with pyrexia during pregnancy.Methods: After approval by institutional ethical committee the prospective case control study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, NSCB Medical College, Jabalpur (M.P.) from 1st June 2012 to 31st October 2013. Total 100 antenatal women with pyrexia taken as cases and 50 antenatal women without pyrexia taken as control were included and analyzed in this study. In women fulfilling inclusion criteria detailed history was taken and documented in proforma. Required investigations were sent to the department of pathology and virology laboratory of Indian Council of Medical Research, Jabalpur. Results were analyzed statistically by using t test and chi square test.Results: On analysis of clinical symptoms pyrexia, cough, malaise, rash, headache, nausea and vomiting, joint pain, anorexia, breathlessness and burning and frequency of micturition were significantly higher in cases as compare to control. Viral pathogens were responsible for most of the cases of pyrexia in pregnancy.Conclusions: Pyrexia in pregnancy is a high-risk situation, early identification and prompt treatment will reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with pyrexia in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Powerful Bactericidal Activity of Moxifloxacin in Human Leprosy

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 3113-3117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fe Eleanor F. Pardillo ◽  
Jasmin Burgos ◽  
Tranquilino T. Fajardo ◽  
Eduardo Dela Cruz ◽  
Rodolfo M. Abalos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Definite Improvement ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

ABSTRACT In a clinical trial of moxifloxacin in eight multibacillary leprosy patients, moxifloxacin proved highly effective. In all trial patients, a single 400-mg dose of moxifloxacin resulted in significant killing (P ≤ 0.006) of Mycobacterium leprae, ranging from 82% to 99%, with a mean of 91%. In all instances, no viable bacilli were detected with an additional 3 weeks of daily therapy, this observed rapid bactericidal activity being matched previously only by rifampin. On moxifloxacin therapy, skin lesions cleared exceedingly rapidly with definite improvement observed consistently after eight doses and progressive resolution continuing for the 56 days of the trial. Side effects, toxicities, and laboratory abnormalities were mild, not requiring discontinuation of therapy.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium leprae is identified in the oral mucosa from paucibacillary and multibacillary leprosy patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.M. Morgado de Abreu ◽  
A.M. Roselino ◽  
M. Enokihara ◽  
S. Nonogaki ◽  
L.E. Prestes-Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

scholarly journals A clinical profile of leprosy patients in a tertiary hospital, Karnataka: a retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Vinay K. Nirvanappa ◽  
Soumya G. Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mycobacterial Infection ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Leprosy Patients

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Leprosy is a chronic mycobacterial infection and is still a major health hazard in India.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective study over 12 years of all cases diagnosed clinically as leprosy in a tertiary hospital at Hassan district, Karnataka. Confirmation of diagnosis was based on slit skin smear and biopsy was done in doubtful cases.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 214 patients, 152 were males and 62 were females. The prevalence was maximum in the age group 21-30 years. Borderline group formed the major part of the spectrum, consisting of 154 (71.96%) patients. Maximum patients 97 (45.3%) were of borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy, followed by 59 (27.57%) cases of borderline lepromatous leprosy (BL). 25 (11.68%) cases had tuberculoid leprosy (TT) and 20 (9.34%)cases were of lepromatous leprosy among which 3 were diagnosed as histoid leprosy. 6 patients had pure neuritic leprosy and 4 patients were in relapse.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Even though leprosy is eliminated, it continues to be a public health problem in our country. Stricter surveillance for early diagnosis and treatment is needed to eradicate leprosy from India.</p>

scholarly journals PROFIL PENDERITA MORBUS HANSEN (MH) DI POLIKLINIK KULIT DAN KELAMIN BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE JANUARI – DESEMBER 2012

e-CliniC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia I. Tiwow ◽  
Renate T. Kandou ◽  
Herry E. J. Pandaleke
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Hansen's Disease ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Hansen’S Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Infection Disease ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

Abstract: Hansen’s Disease is a chronic infection disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The transmission of this disease is by direct contact with Hansen’s Disease patients in a long period of time, and by inhalation. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of hansen’s disease patients in Dermatovenereology clinic of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado during the period from January – December 2012. This is a descriptive retrospective study. The result of this study showed that among 112 patients with hansen’s disease, the highest rate was within 25-44 age group (46.4%), where male patients outnumbered females (64.3%). Most of the patients reside in the district of Singkil (12.5%). Multibacillary leprosy was most frequent (89.3%). There were 16% patients with ENL reactions. The disability stage 2 were found in 8,1% patients. Most patients had no history of treatment with MDT (54.5%). Keywords: Hansen’s Disease, profile.   Abstrak: Morbus Hansen (MH) adalah penyakit infeksi kronik yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium leprae. Penularan terjadi melalui kontak langsung dalam jangka waktu yang lama dan melalui inhalasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil penderita morbus hansen di poliklinik kulit dan kelamin BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado periode Januari-Desember 2012. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif retrospektif. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan dari 112 penderita MH (10,22%) terbanyak berasal dari kelompok umur 25-44 tahun (46,4%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (64,3%), tempat tinggal kecamatan Singkil (12,5%), tipe MH terbanyak tipe Multibasiler (89,3%), terdapat reaksi ENL sebanyak 16%, kecacatan tingkat 2 sebanyak 8,1%, dan riwayat pengobatan terbanyak belum pernah melakukan pengobatan MDT sebelumnya (54,5%). Kata Kunci: Morbus Hansen, profil.

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