scholarly journals Effect of trace elements in the immune system of pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in alex ekwueme federal university teaching hospital

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Onweh DA ◽  
Edeogu CO ◽  
Okezie AO ◽  
Ogbodo EC ◽  
Nwanguma DE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
And Control

Copper, iron, selenium and zinc are important trace elements during pregnancy. They function as antioxidants and play major roles in strengthening the immune system. This study evaluates the importance of these trace elements in the immune system and their concentrations during pregnancy. These trace elements were evaluated using 75 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki as Test participants and 75 non-pregnant women were used as control participants. The analysis was done using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The socio-demographic, Obstetrics and Gynaecological characteristics of the participants were obtained using questionnaire. A cross-sectional comparative study design was adopted for this. The results showed that the mean and standard deviation (M±SD) in mg / l of the test and control of trace elements (copper, iron, selenium and zinc) are; 0.13±0.03 and 0.38±0.03, 0.48±0.07 and 0.82±0.09, 0.86±0.11 and 0.94±0.07, 0.52±0.07 and 0.52±0.05 respectively. Also mean levels of Cu and Fe were significantly decreased in the pregnant women than in control (p=<0.001; 0.002) respectively. Nevertheless, there was no statistically significant differences between selenium and zinc levels in the pregnant women when compared to their controls (p=0.575; 0.982) respectively. Low concentration of iron is suggestive of iron deficiency and this study revealed 65.3% non-compliance to routine iron supplement given during antenatal. Trimester, age and parity appeared not to have any significant effect on the level of these trace elements. Hence, there is need to ensure the intake well-balanced meal to optimize copper levels during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Awareness and prevention of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at a University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Iyabo Yewande Ademuyiwa ◽  
Sunday Joseph Ayamolowo ◽  
Monisola Omoyeni Oginni ◽  
Michael Oluwole Akinbode
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objectives: During pregnancy, the fetus requires iron for blood formation so does the mother, this increases the iron requirement which is higher than that of non-pregnant women. This study assessed the level of awareness and prevention of anemia among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos, Nigeria. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 182 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at LUTH in Lagos, Nigeria. A balloting system was done to select the respondents in the clinic that runs 4 times a week, with an estimated number of 70 pregnant women per clinic. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed with the Statistical Package of the Social Sciences version 22. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis, Chi-square test was done for the association between the variables at P < 0.05 level of significance. Ethical approval was obtained from the Human Research Ethical Committee of LUTH with approval number (ADM/DCST/HREC/APP/2589). Informed consent was taken and respondents were reassured of the privacy and confidentiality of the information obtained. Results: The highest percentage (33.3%) of the respondents was within the range of 26–30 years with a mean age of 28.18 ± 0.84 years. Majority of the women had a good level of awareness of anemia (68.89%) and good overall practices (73.89%) of prevention of anemia in pregnancy. There was no significant relationship between the respondents’ level of awareness of anemia and its prevention (χ2 = 1.533, P = 0.216). Conclusion: The study has shown that even though awareness and prevention practices were good, there is a need to create more awareness among pregnant women and also to give adequate health education on prevention of anemia to produce favorable outcome in pregnancy for both the child and mother.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Demographic Correlates of Seropositive HIV and HBsAg Cases among Women Booking for Antenatal Care at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
P. A. Awoyesuku ◽  
D. A. Macpepple ◽  
B. O. Altraide ◽  
D. H. John
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
P Value ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
State University ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State

Background: Infection with hepatitis B (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are global public health problems. These infections during pregnancy increase the risk of maternal morbidity and mortality, and also pose a risk to the fetus due to mother to child transmission. Objective: To determine the prevalence of seropositive HIV and HBsAg cases amongst pregnant women at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH). Methodology: A retrospective review of hospital and laboratory records of all pregnant women booked at RSUTH in two years, from May 2017 to April 2019, was carried out. Data on patients’ age, parity and educational level and reactivity of HIV and HBsAg test at booking were retrieved using structured proforma and analyzed using Epi Info Version 7. Test for significance using Chi-square was set at a significant level of P<0.05. Results: 3560 patients had HIV and HBsAg screening out of which 148 (4.2%) and 9 (0.3%) respectively were positive. The comorbidity rate in this study was 0.06%. The mean age was 31.5±4.7 years and the mean gestational age at booking was 22.1±6.8 weeks. There was no significant relationship between their age (χ2 = 2.690, p-value=0.442) and parity (χ2 = 3.759, p-value = 0.145) with HIV seropositivity, but these were significant for HBsAg (χ2 = 13.691, p-value = 0.003) (χ2 = 13.121, p-value=0.001).  Educational status was significant for HIV (χ2 = 16.188, p-value=0.000) but not for HBsAg (χ2 = 0.229, p-value=0.892). Conclusion: The seroprevalence rate of HIV and HBsAg in this study were low. HIV seroprevalence was significantly affected by lower education, while HBsAg seroprevalence was significantly affected by younger maternal age and nulliparity. Continued screening of pregnant women for these infections remains valuable and further community-based studies to identify risk factors are recommended.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal symptoms in pregnancy among antenatal clinic attendees in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi, Northeast Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1029
Author(s):  
Muhammad Baffah Aminu ◽  
Mohammed Alkali ◽  
Bala M. Audu ◽  
Toyin Abdulrazak
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Pregnant women are at increasing risk of GI symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and heartburns, most of these symptoms are as a result of the hormonal and physical changes associated with pregnancy. This study aimed to determine prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms (GI) among pregnant women attending booking clinic at a Northeastern Nigerian Teaching Hospital.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey of four hundred and fifty-two pregnant women booking for antenatal care. Their sociodemographic variables as well as the presence or absence of gastrointestinal symptoms in index pregnancy were obtained at by the use of researcher-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed and presented as frequencies and percentages. A 5% significance level (p <0.05) to test associations.Results: Two fifty-five women had heart burns (56.4%) while 235 (52.0%) had nausea in pregnancy, these were observed to be the most prevalent GI symptoms among the women. Diarrhea and hemorrhoids were the uncommon GI symptoms in the study population constituting 406 (89.5%), and 360 (79.6%) respectively. Easy fullness was noted in 39.8% of the women while vomiting was in 41.8% and constipation in 29% of the respondents. A significant association was observed (p value <0.05) between parity and development of anorexia and hemorrhoids in pregnancy (p values of 0.049 and 0.051 respectively) but not for the other symptoms.Conclusions: GI symptoms are common in pregnancy, the most prevalent symptoms are that of heart burns and nausea, while diarrhea is relatively uncommon.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Seropositive VDRL Cases amongst Pregnant Women at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria: Is Routine Screening for Syphilis Using VDRL Still Relevant?

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
P. A. Awoyesuku ◽  
D. A. MacPepple ◽  
N. J. Kwosah
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
P Value ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
State University ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State

Background: Untreated maternal syphilis is strongly associated with adverse birth outcomes. The WHO recommends routine serological screening in pregnancy. Some workers have advised a reappraisal of this practice, having demonstrated low seroprevalence in their antenatal population. Objective: To determine the prevalence of seropositive VDRL cases amongst pregnant women at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH) in order to justify the need and cost-effectiveness for continued routine syphilis screening using VDRL alone. Methodology: A retrospective review of hospital and laboratory records of all pregnant women booked for antenatal care (ANC) at RSUTH in a two-year period, from May 2017 to April 2019, was carried out. Data on patients’ age, parity and educational level, and reactivity of VDRL test at booking were retrieved using structured pro-forma and analyzed using Epi Info Version 7. Test for significance using Chi-square was set at significant level of P<0.05. Results: 3560 clinic patients had VDRL screening out of which 63 were positive. The overall prevalence rate in this study was 1.8%. The mean age was 31.5±4.7 years and the mean gestational age at booking was 22.1±6.8 weeks. There was no significant relationship between their age (χ2 = 0.403, p-value=0.940), parity (χ2 = 3.707, p-value=0.0.157), and educational status (χ2 = 1.853, p-value=0.396), and seropositivity. The cost of VDRL test per patient in RSUTH is $3, to detect the 63 cases the sum of $10,680 was spent. Conclusion: The seroprevalence rate of syphilis in this study was low. Initial screening using VDRL alone is neither justified nor cost effective. Selective screening based on risk factors and specific test with TPHA is recommended.

scholarly journals PERCEPTION AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS CAESAREAN SECTION - THE VIEWS ARE CHANGING: FINDINGS AMONG ANTENATAL ATTENDEES IN A NIGER DELTA TERTIARY FACILITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
Abah MG ◽  
Umoh AV
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outright Rejection ◽  
The Mean

Background: Aversion towards Caesarean section and its outright rejection by parturient have been widely reported in Nigeria. Objective: This study was conducted with the objective of assessing the perception and attitude towards Caesarean section by pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in a Niger Delta tertiary facility. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study involving 500 women interviewed using selfadministered semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaires with open and close ended questions. Their socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, perception and attitude towards Caesarean section were inquired Results: The mean age of the women was 29.1years

scholarly journals Maternally requested caesarean delivery: Popularity amongst pregnant women at a South West Nigerian teaching hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 019-030
Author(s):  
Ramon Sunday Omotayo ◽  
Abayomi Logo ◽  
Adetayo Bade-Adefioye ◽  
Oluseyi Adewale ◽  
Ayomide Emmanuel Sanni
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Request ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Do So

Caesarean Section on maternal request is a planned surgery performed without medical indication, where the wish of the woman compensates for the lack of medical reasons. Preferences for caesarean section are often associated with some factors that may be cultural, economic, religious or social. Some women are said to suffer from tocophobia which is the fear of childbirth and may be a major psychological cause for caesarean section due to maternal request (CSMR). This study explored the popularity of maternally requested caesarean section amongst pregnant women in the Antenatal clinic of University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Akure. Method: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Results: Willingness to request for caesarean section if not indicated is found to be low with only about 10% indicating that they can do so. Rather, refusal to undergo caesarean section when medically indicated is found to be relatively high with 43 % of respondents indicating their unwillingness to have caesarean section even if indicated. Fear of adverse occurrence to mother or baby is the major reason for avoiding caesarean section Conclusion: Maternally requested caesarean section is not popular amongst pregnant women while aversion to indicated caesarean section is high in the study area. There is need for massive education and enlightenment on caesarean section in order to improve its acceptability.

scholarly journals Long-Lasting Insecticide-Treated Nets: Assessment of the Awareness and Utilization of Them among Antenatal Clinic Attendees in Abakaliki, Southeast Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chidebe Christian Anikwe ◽  
John Chiadikobi Irechukwu ◽  
Bartholomew Chukwunonye Okorochukwu ◽  
Cyril Chijioke Ikeoha ◽  
Johnson Akuma Obuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Insecticide Treated Nets ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background. The use of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLITNs) is one of the effective strategies for the prevention of malaria, especially among pregnant women. Aim. This study is aimed at assessing the awareness and utilization of LLITNs during pregnancy among antenatal clinic attendees at the Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki. Materials and Methods. This was a cross-sectional study among antenatal attendees at the Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State. A semistructured questionnaire was used to obtain relevant information from the participants. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Results. The mean age of the women was 26.05 ± 5.76 years. About one-third (30%) of the respondents were nulliparous. Most of the respondents had at least a secondary education. More than ninety percent of the respondents had a good knowledge of malaria with 95.8% being aware of LLITNs. The main source of information was from hospitals (54.5%). The rate of utilization of LLITNs was 37.5%; however, consistent use was only reported by about a third of this proportion. The major reasons for not utilizing the nets include discomfort/heat and fear of the chemical content. Women with tertiary education were more likely to utilize mosquito nets during pregnancy compared with women with secondary or primary education. Women who live in rural areas (OR = 0.393 95% CI 0.602–0.073) were less likely to use LLITNs during pregnancy, while those who are aware of the aetiology of malaria (OR = 4.38 95% CI 0.983–19.591) were more likely to utilize LLITNs in pregnancy. Conclusion. The level of awareness of LLITNs is high; however, its utilization was discouragingly low. Rural dwellers and those without appropriate knowledge of the aetiology of malaria were less likely to use LLITNs in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Determinants of Anemia Among Pregnant Women Attending in a Tertiary Level Hospital, Kathmandu

Med Phoenix ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumitra Mulepati ◽  
Tanuja Kumari Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Level Hospital

Background: Anemia is a common problem in pregnancy, particularly in developing countries which causes low birth weight and increased risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was adopted to determine the factors associated with anemia among pregnant Systematic Random Sampling technique was used and sample size was 280 pregnant women who visited the antenatal clinic of the Tribhuwan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu. Data was collected by face to face interview technique by pretested questionnaire. Chi-square, bivariate, multivariate logistic regression model was used, and statistical significance was determined with a 95% confidence level.Results: Mean age of respondents was 25.86±4.191 years. Anemia among pregnant women was 22.1%.The significant determinants associated with anemia were pregnant women who had not taken iron regularly (AOR=18.380, 95% CI=3.687-91.624, p=0.005).Conclusion: The results indicate that anemia is still prevalence in pregnant women in tertiary level hospital at Kathmandu. Irregular intake or discontinuation of iron was significant factor for anemia. Therefore, pregnant women and their family members need counseling about the importance of regular intake of iron during pregnancy.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 24-33

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