scholarly journals Toward Environment Theory: Post-Optimality and the Pragmatics of Affordance Design

Polylogos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (№ 3 (17)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Dmitry Testov
Keyword(s):  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Von Uexküll ◽  
Perceptual Abilities ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Modes Of Interaction ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Conceptual Foundations ◽  
The Relationship

This article, devoted to the problems of the environment and intra-environmental processes, investigated various modes of interaction and interdependence of a living creature and the environment in which it lives. For these purposes, the conceptual apparatus of such theorists as G. Bateson, J. von Uexküll, J. Gibson, J. Deleuze and F. Guattari is used. Based on the analysis of a number of design and architectural projects the authors show that the processes of perception and action are not determined by the subject-object disposition. On the contrary, they emerge in the course of manifestation of the territorial assemblage. Such an assemblage consists of the environment and the organism, and is formed by the limitations, affordances and perceptual abilities of all its components. Within this framework the conceptual foundations of the design of the environment are proposed, based on the principle of economy. Applying the concept of "predictive mind" to modeling the information aspect of the relationship of the organism with the environment, the authors identify some characteristics of environment that could enhance and weaken the ability of the mind distributed in the environment to minimize errors predictions. Environment design is thus positioned as a practice of transforming oneself, and in contrast to optimal and friendly environments, the concept of a post-optimal environment is considered; such an environment is conducive to hacking and transformation. Through this notion of provocation to transformation the specificity and the conceptual significance of assistive technologies is revealed, transforming the relationship between people with disabilities and their environment.

Setting the Scene

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
John Zerilli
Keyword(s):  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Basic Argument ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The modularity of mind has been understood in various ways, amended as evidence from neuroscience has forced the theory to shed various structural assumptions. Neuroplasticity has, for better or worse, challenged many of the orthodox conceptions of the mind that originally led cognitive scientists to postulate mental modules. Similarly, rapidly accumulating neuroscientific evidence of the reuse or redeployment of neural circuits, revealing the integrated and interactive structure of brain regions, has upset basic assumptions about the relationship of function to structure upon which modularity—not to say neuroscience itself—originally depended. These movements, developments, and cross-currents are the subject of this book. This chapter outlines the basic argument of the book and its motivation.

The Semantic Theory of James Harris

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph L. Subbiondo
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Universal Grammar ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Language And Thought ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Century Science

Summary Although the semantic theory proposed by Harris in Hermes (1751) was not well received in 18th-century England and has been generally neglected by scholars ever since, it is certainly deserving of our attention because it is a perceptive analysis of the logico-semantic structure of language. In the tradition of philosophical or universal grammar, Harris argued that the subject matter of the linguist should be the conceptual level or the deep structure of language rather than the utterance or the surface structure. Therefore, Harris reasoned that an adequate explanation of meaning required a description of the relationship of language and thought. Furthermore, since he recognized that the study of language was necessary for the advancement of learning, which he considered to be the essence of science, he regarded the limits of 18th-century science too narrow in that they excluded semantics. Harris’ theory advanced that an analysis of the sentence, the basis of the synthesis of the mind and language, was crucial to a semantic theory. Since the number of utterances is infinite, Harris attempted to discover a finite and universal set of psychological principles which he believed generated sentences. Although he concluded that a notion of general and particular ideas would ultimately explain verbal communication, he hoped that identifying the source of these ideas would be the work of future scholars.

scholarly journals Understanding Mind through Indian Psychology

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreeja Gangadharan P ◽  
S P K Jena
Keyword(s):  
First Person ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Indian Psychology ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Epistemological Dualism ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Mind is a subject widely studied under various discipline, yet, failed to come up with a definition which we could comprehend. These studies had unravelled a number of questions regarding the nature of the mind and leads to serious debates on its composition, i.e., whether it consists only of higher intellectual functions such as memory and reasoning, its activities i.e.; what is the relationship of mind and body, is dualism or monism?, is it accessible to study or only an endeavour of first person and finally, who possess a mind?; do all beings have a mind or only human beings could possess it?, and so on. With two simple models, ‘the Epistemological dualism’ and the model of ‘Mind-Spirit; dichotomy Vs coexistence’ based on the concepts in Indian Psychology, the paper throws more light in to the subject mind and its faculty.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Teaching oral requests

Pragmatics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Petraki ◽  
Sarah Bayes
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Cultural Appropriateness ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Everyday Communication

Research in English language teaching has highlighted the importance of teaching communication skills in the language classroom. Against the backdrop of extensive research in everyday communication, the goal of this research was to explore whether current discourse analytic research is reflected in the lessons and communication examples of five English language teaching textbooks, by using spoken requests as the subject of investigation. The textbooks were evaluated on five criteria deriving from research on politeness, speech act theory and conversation analysis. These included whether and the extent to which the textbooks discussed the cultural appropriateness of requests, discussed the relationship of requests and other contextual factors, explained pre-sequences and re-requests and provided adequate practice activities. This study found that none of the coursebooks covered all of the criteria and that some coursebooks actually had very inadequate lessons. The results of the textbook analysis demonstrate that teachers using these five coursebooks and designers of future coursebooks must improve their lessons on requests by using pragmatics research and authentic examples as a guide.

Loffler's Endomyocardial Fibrosis, Eosinophilia, and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 950-951
Author(s):  
Fabio Pereira ◽  
Hernan Moreno ◽  
William Crist ◽  
Rufino Ermocilla
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Normal Karyotype ◽  
Endomyocardial Fibrosis ◽  
Constant Feature ◽  
Cytogenetic Evidence ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Peripheral Blood Eosinophilia

Eosinophilia is a constant feature of Loffler's endomyocardial fibrosis.1,2 Three cases of this syndrome have been described in which acute lymphoblastic leukemia was concurrently present.3,4 Cytogenetic evidence in one of these cases suggested that the eosinophilia was "reactive" because the eosinophils had a normal karyotype while the lymphoblasts showed chromosomal aneuploidy.4 The subject of eosinophilia and eosinophilic syndromes has been extensively reviewed by others.5-8 The purpose of this report is to describe a boy with long-standing eosinophilia who presented with intractable heart failure, striking peripheral blood eosinophilia, and 38% lymphoblasts in the bone marrow. Current thoughts concerning the relationship of endomyocardial fibrosis, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and eosinophilia are summarized.

Features of the Professional Direction of University Students in the Era of Digitalization

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
A. Fatyhova ◽  
O. Bakanev ◽  
I. Kohanovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Life Meaning ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training

In the digital era, the success of the professional development of future specialists in the process of obtaining higher education largely depends on their professional orientation (PN). Despite the significant interest in the subject of the study, the problem of identifying the factors that affect PN remains poorly understood. The purpose of the study is to determine the factors of the formation of PN of students enrolled in training and retraining programs, and the features of PN in the digital era. The article reveals the content and structure of the PN of future specialists in the era of digitalization. According to the results of the empirical research, the relationship of students' PN with indicators of life-meaning orientations, motives for choosing a profession and training was revealed; the relationship between students' life-meaning orientations and indicators of motives for choosing a profession and training at the stage of digitalization of education. The factors influencing the personal condition, and the factors of the formation of the personal condition of students, who are trained according to the programs of training and retraining of specialists, have been determined. As a result of an empirical study, it was concluded that a negative impact on the formation of PN is created by factors caused by various life circumstances, lack of independence of decisions in choosing a profession, low reflection of life goals, prospects for the future, rigidity of volitional and personal qualities, internal conflict in the structure of personality relationships, low pleasure training and the like. At the same time, the level of PN is significantly higher among students who receive a second higher education and who understand its importance at the stage of digitalization of education.

scholarly journals Unusual Deviation of the Main Foramen from the Root Apex

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Aurélio Versiani ◽  
Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed ◽  
Manoel Damião de Sousa-Neto ◽  
Gustavo De-Deus ◽  
Paul Michael Howell Dummer
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Tooth Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Substantial Distance

Abstract The relationship of the main foramen to the anatomic root apex has been the subject of several studies. Although they are anatomically close, they rarely coincide, and their distance can vary according to age or tooth type, ranging from 0.2 to 3.0 mm. The aim of this short communication was to evaluate the distance between the main foramen of independent middle mesial canals (MMCs) and the anatomical mesial root apex of mandibular first molars using the micro-computed tomography. Twenty-five mandibular first molars with MMCs were scanned (resolution of 9.9 µm), and the distance from its main foramen to the anatomical apex was evaluated. Overall, the distance ranged from 0.2 to 2.4 mm; however, in 3 specimens the distance was greater than 3 mm. This report demonstrates that the exit of the main foramen of the MMC varies considerably and could approach a substantial distance from the anatomical apex greater than previously reported in the literature.

scholarly journals Objective psychology. Academician V. Bekhterev. Issue I. St. Petersburg. 1907 year

1907 ◽  
Vol XIV (3-4) ◽  
pp. 194-196
Author(s):  
V. Osipova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Life ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Living Creature

The author begins his work with the words that the psychology that he will expound bears little resemblance to the psychology that has been the subject of study until now. In objective psychology, there should be no place for questions about subjective processes or processes of consciousness, therefore there should be no place for introspection. Self-observation is not enough even to study one's own mental life. Objective psychology has in mind to study and explain only the relationship of a living creature to the surrounding conditions that affect it in one way or another, without aiming to find out those internal or subjective experiences, which are known as conscious phenomena and which are accessible only to self-observation. All mental items should only be subject to objective registration and control.

scholarly journals The specifics of interpretation of the history in the story by A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine»

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
S. V. Sheyanova ◽  
◽  
N. M. Yusupova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: at present the reader’s audience is particularly interested in creative experiments in which the historical fate of the Russian peasantry in the «turning» eras is artistically comprehended. The article is devoted to the study of the problem-thematic range of modern Mordovian historical prose. The subject of analysis is the peculiarity of the reception of the period of collectivization and dekulakization in the story by Erzyan prose writer A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine». Objective: to reveal the features of the artistic reconstruction of the events of the 1930s, the modeling of the relationship between a man and society in the story by A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine».Research materials: the story by A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine». Results and novelty of the research: the historical story « A Wolf Ravine » for the first time becomes the object of scientific understanding and is introduced into the context of Finno-Ugric literary criticism. A. Doronin artistically interprets the real events and circumstances of the resettlement of dispossessed peasants of the Volga region to the uninhabited steppes of Kazakhstan. As a result of the study, we conclude that the actualization of this problem-thematic cluster is due to the creative concept of the historical writer; the individual author’s approach to the reconstruction of historical narrative can be traced in the writer’s desire to realistically reveal the relationship of personality and society in the tragic 1930s; to analyze intentions of people and of the psychological states of the characters. Problems of a sociopolitical nature, actualized in the story, are filled with philosophical, axiological content, and lead to a multi-faceted understanding of the «man and history» problem.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document