Otimização do método dos molinetes com ajuste do perfil hidrodinâmico para a estimação da descarga líquida em corpos hídricos usando recursos de interpolação e integração numérica

In the last years, there has been an increase in computational analyses in the study of hydrodynamic profiles for the determination of flows in watercourses as an attempt to reduce inaccuracies in traditional calculations. This article aims to develop an algorithm for the determination of flow rates in open channels using numerical procedures to optimize the hydrometric windlasses method in order to reduce the time in data analyzes and to provide a detailed treatment of velocities as a function of depth. In this article, the input data used in the computational project result from the measuring campaign present in Literature,which was carried out in the Braço do Norte river, in the Tubarão river basin, at the point where the São Ludgero Hydrometeorological Station, of National Waters Aggency (ANA), is located, in SC. Regarding the method of the windlasses in their traditional form,the model presented in this work presents small percentage differences of estimates This allows the validation of the proposed model and means that the use of numerical integrations and interpolations, especially the cubic splines, for the modeling of the flow measurement in watercourses is satisfactory and it can be used in the practice of instrumentation and measurement.

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CLASSIFICATION OF DROUGHT LEVEL IN BONE WATERSHED

10.31227/osf.io/8hr2n ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Sri Rahayu Ayuba

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Input Data ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Swat Model ◽

Small Watershed ◽

Agricultural Commodity ◽

Water Assessment ◽

Soil And Water

Based on SK.328 / Menhut-II / 2009, the Limboto Bone Bolango River Basin (DAS) is designated as a watershed in critical condition and requires priority handling. This study aims to determine the level of vulnerability of Bone watershed to drought. This research was conducted at Bone River Basin (DAS). The method used is SWAT Method (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) by using ArcSwat software. This research is included in non-experimental research by using direct observation in the field. The input data in the SWAT Model is the slope, the type of land cover, climate, and soil type. The parameter that is the output of SWAT Model used in determining the level of vulnerability of the watershed, is the value of SW (Soil Water) for the determination of drought. Research has shown that Bone watershed has a susceptibility to dryness, 21.7% of the watershed area is susceptible to susceptible drought classification, while 78.5% are in the non-vulnerable category. This percentage is spread in 15 and 50 sub watershed/Small watershed. The decrease in productivity of one agricultural commodity shows that the Bone watershed which is administratively located in Bone Bolango Regency is related to the existing drought levels.

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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR DETERMINATION OF CHARACTERISTICS ON THE FACE FOR EMOTIONAL RECOGNITION

Computer Systems and Information Technologies ◽

10.31891/csit-2020-2-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 47-53

Author(s):

S. IVASCHENKO ◽

◽

O. KALYTA ◽

O. BARMAK ◽

T. SKRYPNYK ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Input Data ◽

Emotional State ◽

Face Image ◽

Network Module ◽

Computing Power ◽

Proposed Model ◽

The Face ◽

Last Stage ◽

Characteristic Features

One of the ways to process an image presented in the form of a set of pixels, in order to further identify, classify the objects present on it is to display the specified set in the form of sets of certain features. Such features are not universal in nature, but rather significantly depend on the tasks under consideration. For certain classes of problems, such features (model) are selected that best allow the application of appropriate methods to solve the problem. The paper considers a class of problems for recognizing the emotional state on a person's face. In, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to detect emotions. CNN differs from multilayer perceptron (MLP) in that they have hidden layers called convolutional layers. The proposed method is based on a two-tier CNN system. At the first level, the background of the image is removed to better reflect emotions. A standard CNN network module is used to obtain the primary expression vector (EV). EV is formed by tracking the relevant important points of the face. EV is directly related to changes in facial expression. EV is obtained using a basic perceptron unit plotted on a face image with the background removed. In the proposed model at the last stage, there is a non-evolutionary perceptron layer. Each of the convoluted layers receives input data (images), converts them, and then takes them to the next level. After detecting a face, the CNN filter of the second part captures parts of the face, such as eyes, ears, lips, nose, and cheeks. The authors agree that the method has some limitations, and especially requires high computing power when setting up CNN. The technology of determination of characteristic features on the face for recognition of emotional manifestations is presented and experimentally investigated.

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KOHONEN NEURAL NETWORKS FOR RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODELING: CASE STUDY OF PIANCÓ RIVER BASIN

Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering ◽

10.4090/juee.2013.v7n1.176182 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 176-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Camilo Allyson Simoes de Farias ◽

Celso A. G. Santos ◽

Artur M. G. Lourenço ◽

Tatiane C. Carneiro

Keyword(s):

Neural Networks ◽

River Basin ◽

Input Data ◽

Missing Values ◽

Rainfall Runoff ◽

Data Set ◽

Runoff Modeling ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Kohonen Neural Networks ◽

Streamflow Data

The existence of long and reliable streamflow data records is essential to establishing strategies for the operation of water resources systems. In areas where streamflow data records are limited or present missing values, rainfall-runoff models are typically used for reconstruction and/or extension of river flow series. The main objective of this paper is to verify the application of Kohonen Neural Networks (KNN) for estimating streamflows in Piancó River. The Piancó River basin is located in the Brazilian semiarid region, an area devoid of hydrometeorological data and characterized by recurrent periods of water scarcity. The KNN are unsupervised neural networks that cluster data into groups according to their similarities. Such models are able to classify data vectors even when there are missing values in some of its components, a very common situation in rainfall-runoff modeling. Twenty two years of rainfall and streamflow monthly data were used in order to calibrate and test the proposed model. Statistical indexes were chose as criteria for evaluating the performance of the KNN model under four different scenarios of input data. The results show that the proposed model was able to provide reliable estimations even when there were missing values in the input data set.

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Perencanaan Sistem Pengurangan Sampah Permukiman Bantaran Sungai Cidurian Kota Bandung

Jurnal Serambi Engineering ◽

10.32672/jse.v4i2.1466 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Raka Maulana ◽

Yulianti Pratama ◽

Lina Apriyanti

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

River Basin ◽

River Flow ◽

Waste Reduction ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Community Based ◽

Inorganic Waste ◽

Waste Bank ◽

The City

<p>Some areas in the city of Bandung is an area that dilitasi by the flow of the river, to prevent the introduction of garbage into the river basin is necessary to note the waste management systems in residential areas along the river. Cidurian river has a length of 24.86 Km along the river flow. Consists of the city of Bandung and Bandung regency. Administrative regions Cidurian River past eight (8) districts, from the region in the District Kiaracondong precisely Village Babakan Babakan Sari and Surabaya populous and the most densely populated. Thus, there should be community-based waste management in the form of a reduction in resources to prevent potential entry of waste into the river basin. Planning waste reduction will be divided into two, namely the reduction of inorganic waste with waste bank then the reduction of organic waste with absorption holes biopori, and bio reactor mini determination of the reduction is determined by the results of the analysis of the sampling covers the composition and garbage, then the result of the measurement characteristics test and analysis results questionnaire.</p>

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Modeling of Dynamic Loads on the Polished Rod of Pumping Unit in Case of Mulfunction of Rod Pump Operating

Proceedings of the Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics ◽

10.21662/uim2014.1.018 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 95-101

Author(s):

A.S. Topolnikov

Keyword(s):

Multiphase Flow ◽

Satisfactory Agreement ◽

Model Simulation ◽

Theoretical Modeling ◽

Dynamic Loads ◽

Plunger Pump ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Pumping Unit ◽

Polished Rod

The paper presents the results of theoretical modeling of joined movement of pump rods and plunger pump and multiphase flow in a well for determination of dynamic loads on the polished rod of pumping unit. The specificity of the proposed model is the possibility of taking into account for complications in rod pump operating, such as leakage in valve steam, presence of gas and emulsion, incorrect fitting of plunger inside the cylinder pump. The satisfactory agreement of results of the model simulation with filed measurements are obtained.

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Determination of specific interfacial areas in swirled two-phase flow

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19830842 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 842-853

Author(s):

Kurt Winkler ◽

František Kaštánek ◽

Jan Kratochvíl

Keyword(s):

Interfacial Area ◽

Liquid Volume ◽

Upward Flow ◽

Two Phase ◽

Flow Rates ◽

Mist Flow ◽

Interfacial Areas ◽

Correlation Parameters ◽

Flow Components

Specific gas-liquid interfacial area in flow tubes 70 mm in diameter of the length 725 and 1 450 mm resp. containing various swirl bodies were measured for concurrent upward flow in the ranges of average gas (air) velocities 11 to 35 ms-1 and liquid flow rates 13 to 80 m3 m-2 h-1 using the method of CO2 absorption into NaOH solutions. Two different flow regimes were observed: slug flow swirled annular-mist flow. In the latter case the determination was carried out separately for the film and spray flow components, respectively. The obtained specific areas range between 500 to 20 000 m3 m-2. Correlation parameters are energy dissipation criteria, related to the geometrical reactor volume and to the static liquid volume in the reactor.

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Determination of trace concentrations of copper by FIA-FAAS after preconcentration on chelating sorbents

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19891785 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 54 (7) ◽

pp. 1785-1794 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Vlastimil Kubáň ◽

Josef Komárek ◽

Zbyněk Zdráhal

Keyword(s):

Sampling Frequency ◽

Copper Determination ◽

Flow Rates ◽

Sample Injection ◽

Injection Flow ◽

Chelating Sorbents ◽

Set Up ◽

Trace Concentrations ◽

Better Than

A FIA-FAAS apparatus containing a six-channel sorption equipment with five 3 x 26 mm microcolumns packed with Spheron Oxin 1 000, Ostsorb Oxin and Ostsorb DTTA was set up. Combined with sorption from 0.002M acetate buffer at pH 4.2 and desorption with 2M-HCl, copper can be determined at concentrations up to 100, 150 and 200 μg l-1, respectively. For sample and eluent flow rates of 5.0 and 4.0 ml min-1, respectively, and a sample injection time of 5 min, the limit of copper determination is LQ = 0.3 μg l-1, repeatability sr is better than 2% and recovery is R = 100 ± 2%. The enrichment factor is on the order of 102 and is a linear function of time (volume) of sample injection up to 5 min and of the sample injection flow rate up to 11 ml min-1 for Spheron Oxin 1 000 and Ostsorb DTTA. For times of sorption of 60 and 300 s, the sampling frequency is 70 and 35 samples/h, respectively. The parameters of the FIA-FAAS determination (acetylene-air flame) are comparable to or better than those achieved by ETA AAS. The method was applied to the determination of traces of copper in high-purity water.

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Modeling Population Spatial-Temporal Distribution Using Taxis Origin and Destination Data

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13073727 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 3727

Author(s):

Fatema Rahimi ◽

Abolghasem Sadeghi-Niaraki ◽

Mostafa Ghodousi ◽

Soo-Mi Choi

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Mean Squared Error ◽

Population Distribution ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Temporal Modeling ◽

Location Data ◽

Time Period ◽

Proposed Model

During dangerous circumstances, knowledge about population distribution is essential for urban infrastructure architecture, policy-making, and urban planning with the best Spatial-temporal resolution. The spatial-temporal modeling of the population distribution of the case study was investigated in the present study. In this regard, the number of generated trips and absorbed trips using the taxis pick-up and drop-off location data was calculated first, and the census population was then allocated to each neighborhood. Finally, the Spatial-temporal distribution of the population was calculated using the developed model. In order to evaluate the model, a regression analysis between the census population and the predicted population for the time period between 21:00 to 23:00 was used. Based on the calculation of the number of generated and the absorbed trips, it showed a different spatial distribution for different hours in one day. The spatial pattern of the population distribution during the day was different from the population distribution during the night. The coefficient of determination of the regression analysis for the model (R2) was 0.9998, and the mean squared error was 10.78. The regression analysis showed that the model works well for the nighttime population at the neighborhood level, so the proposed model will be suitable for the day time population.

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Determination of Objective Weights Using a New Method Based on the Removal Effects of Criteria (MEREC)

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym13040525 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 525 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mehdi Keshavarz-Ghorabaee ◽

Maghsoud Amiri ◽

Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas ◽

Zenonas Turskis ◽

Jurgita Antucheviciene

Keyword(s):

Essential Elements ◽

New Method ◽

Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽

Analysis Of Means ◽

Simulation Based ◽

Criteria Weights ◽

The Stability ◽

Computational Analyses ◽

Weighting Methods

The weights of criteria in multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems are essential elements that can significantly affect the results. Accordingly, researchers developed and presented several methods to determine criteria weights. Weighting methods could be objective, subjective, and integrated. This study introduces a new method, called MEREC (MEthod based on the Removal Effects of Criteria), to determine criteria’ objective weights. This method uses a novel idea for weighting criteria. After systematically introducing the method, we present some computational analyses to confirm the efficiency of the MEREC. Firstly, an illustrative example demonstrates the procedure of the MEREC for calculation of the weights of criteria. Secondly, a comparative analysis is presented through an example for validation of the introduced method’s results. Additionally, we perform a simulation-based analysis to verify the reliability of MEREC and the stability of its results. The data of the MCDM problems generated for making this analysis follow a prevalent symmetric distribution (normal distribution). We compare the results of the MEREC with some other objective weighting methods in this analysis, and the analysis of means (ANOM) for variances shows the stability of its results. The conducted analyses demonstrate that the MEREC is efficient to determine objective weights of criteria.

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Comparison of different models to calculate the viscosity of biogas and biomethane in order to accurately measure flow rates for conformity assessment

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81052-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Karine Arrhenius ◽

Oliver Büker

Keyword(s):

Binary Mixtures ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Correction Method ◽

Gas Mixtures ◽

Conformity Assessment ◽

Flow Rates ◽

Unknown Composition

AbstractThe study presents an optimised method to correct flow rates measured with a LFE flowmeter pre-set on methane while used for gas mixtures of unknown composition at the time of the measurement. The method requires the correction of the flow rate using a factor based on the viscosity of the gas mixtures once the composition is accurately known. The method has several different possible applications inclusive for the sampling of biogas and biomethane onto sorbent tubes for conformity assessment for the determination of siloxanes, terpenes and VOC in general. Five models for the calculation of the viscosity of the gas mixtures were compared and the models were used for ten binary mixtures and four multi-component mixtures. The results of the evaluation of the different models showed that the correction method using the viscosity of the mixtures calculated with the model of Reichenberg and Carr showed the smallest biases for binary mixtures. For multi-component mixtures, the best results were obtained when using the models of Lucas and Carr.

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