scholarly journals Aplicação de técnica estatística multivariada em indicadores de sustentabilidade nos municípios do Marajó-PA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (46) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Diêgo Lima Crispim ◽  
Lindemberg Lima Fernandes ◽  
Roberta Luiza de Oliveira Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Dissimilarity Matrix ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Hierarchical Grouping ◽  
Grouping Method ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Territorial Division

Indicators are important tools to guide and assist decision-makers. They are also important to get to know the scenario of a given place and monitor its development. This study aimed to analyze the behavior of the municipalities of Marajó-PA through indicators that cover social, economic, housing and sanitation, using a statistical technique of multivariate analysis to group these into a small number of homogeneous groups. In order to choose the indicators, we carried out a checklist of national, regional and local academic papers dealing with sustainability. Then, the indicators were standardized according to the different units and scales of measurement, not influencing the result and presenting similar weights in the calculation of the similarity coefficient. The measure of dissimilarity used was the euclidean distance and for the composition of the groupings the Ward and k-Means methods were applied. The result obtained using Ward’s hierarchical grouping method enabled the reduction of the numbers of municipalities to a number of 4 probable groups with similar attributes within the group and distinct among the others. It also presented a cofenetic correlation coefficient (CCC) of (r = 0.81), indicating a good degree of fit between the dendrogram and the dissimilarity matrix. The results indicated that the formation of the clusters and the municipalities integrated in them presented similarity both in the hierarchical and non-hierarchical methods. In the k-means method it was found that almost all municipalities that make territorial division remained within the same group.

scholarly journals Analisis Regresi Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) untuk Pemodelan Kemiskinan Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Nur Roudlotul Hidayah ◽  
Artanti Indrasetianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Spatial Regression ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Spatial Durbin Model ◽  
Classic Problem ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Spatial Regression Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Regression is a statistical technique used to describe the relationship between response variables with one or more predictor variables. The development of classical regression analysis that is influenced by the effects of space or location of a region is called spatial regression analysis. The purpose of this study is to conduct Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) regression analysis for poverty modeling in East Java in 2017. Poverty is a classic problem that occurs in almost all countries and is multidimensional, which is related to social, economic, cultural and other aspects. In 2017, poverty in East Java declined compared to the previous year. Therefore it is necessary to identify the factors that influence poverty. The variables used are the percentage of poor people as the response variable (Y) and predictor variables including Education does not finish elementary school (X1), Literacy Rate age 15 -55 years (X2), informal sector workers (X3), unemployment rate open (X4), household users of land as the widest floor (X5), and households using improper sanitation (X6), and households using drinking water sources are not feasible (X7).    Regresi merupakan teknik statistik yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan hubungan antara variabel respon dengan satu atau lebih variabel prediktor. Pengembangan dari analisis regresi klasik yang dipengaruhi oleh efek ruang atau lokasi wilayah disebut analisis regresi spasial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan analisis regresi Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) untuk pemodelan kemiskinan di Jawa Timur tahun 2017. Kemiskinan merupakan masalah klasik yang terjadi hampir diseluruh negara dan bersifat multidimensional, dimana berkaitan dengan aspek sosial, ekonomi, budaya dan aspek lainnya. Pada tahun 2017, kemiskinan di Jawa Timur mengalami penurunan jika dibandingkan dengan tahun sebelumnya. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan identifikasi faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kemiskinan. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu persentase penduduk miskin sebagai variabel respon (Y) dan variabel prediktor antara lain Pendidikan tidak tamat SD (X1), Angka Melek Huruf  (AHM) usia 15 -55 tahun (X2), pekerja sektor informal (X3), tingkat pengangguran terbuka (X4), rumah tangga pengguna tanah sebagai lantai terluas (X5), dan rumah tangga pengguna sanitasi tidak layak (X6), dan Rumah tangga pengguna sumber air minum tidak layak (X7).

Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Model using Intuitionistic Fuzzy Entropy and Variable Weight Theory

Mekatronika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Omar Ayasrah ◽  
Faiz Mohd Turan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Entropy ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Entropy Measure ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy ◽  
Variable Weight ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Entropy ◽  
Perform Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Almost All

The aim of this research is to develop a new multi-criteria decision-making method that integrates an intuitionistic fuzzy entropy measure and variable weight theory to be implemented in different fields to provide a solution for MCDM problems when the available information is incomplete. A limited number of studies have considered determining decision maker’s weights by performing objective techniques, and almost all of these researches detected a constant weights for the decision makers. In addition, most of the MCDM studies were not formulated to perform sensitivity analysis. The new method is based on the TOPSIS model with an intuitionistic fuzzy entropy measure in the exponential-related function form and the engagement of the variable weight theory to determine weights for the decision-makers that vary as per attibutes. Lastly, a mathematical model was developed in this research to be as an input for developing the mobile-aplication based method in future for virtual use of the new MCDM method.

scholarly journals An Enhanced Approach to the Spatial and Statistical Analysis of Factors Influencing Spring Distribution on a Transboundary Karst Aquifer

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2133
Author(s):  
Veronika Iván ◽  
Stefania Stevenazzi ◽  
Licia C. Pollicino ◽  
Marco Masetti ◽  
Judit Mádl-Szőnyi
Keyword(s):  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Contact Distance ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Karst Areas ◽  
Terrain Elevation

Karst aquifers are indispensable, yet vulnerable, resources; therefore, they require a comprehensive protection strategy. Since springs are the terminal points of the karst flow systems, knowledge of their distribution is a key element for the better understanding of groundwater flow, availability and vulnerability. The present study aims to introduce a data-driven analysis by the application of a spatial statistical technique (Weights of Evidence (WofE)) for the evaluation of factors influencing spring distribution in karst areas. A workflow was developed for investigating two questions: where will the springs locate, and where will the permanent springs evolve? This workflow has the potential for application to unconfined karst areas. This enhanced approach was applied to an unconfined transboundary aquifer, the Gömör–Torna Karst (HU and SK). The roles of five factors was statistically investigated: terrain elevation, distance to faults, distance of the carbonate–non-carbonate rock contact, distance to sinkholes, and precipitation distribution. The validation procedures confirmed the effectiveness of the approach. The resulting predictive maps are useful for decision-makers to delineate areas holding potential karst springs and to address water availability problems and protection measures. In addition, the WofE technique improved the comprehension of the geological conditions favourable for the formation of the springs.

An Integrated DEA Model Allowing Decomposition of Eco-Efficiency: A Case Study of China

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanbin Pan ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
Linlin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Dea Model ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Economic Efficiencies

Abstract A common feature of previous studies about the application of data envelopment analysis (DEA) to determine environmental and economic efficiencies is that the two were analyzed in separate models or frameworks. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the economic efficiency and environmental efficiency with a single model. This paper proposes an integrated DEA model, based on a modification of the directional distance function, which allows us to decompose the eco-efficiency (EE) into the economic efficiency (ECE) and environmental efficiency (ENE). The ECE characterizes the ability of gaining economic benefits while the ENE characterizes the ability to control pollutant emissions in production activities. Identification of ECE and ENE can help decision makers of different regions detect what kind of factor (economic inefficiency or environmental inefficiency) is the main source of eco-inefficiency. This can help decision makers more targeted to improve EE. To illustrate the feasibility of our approach, a case study of 30 regions in China is presented. The empirical results show that almost all regions have very high economic efficiencies. The environmental inefficiency is the main source of eco-inefficiency. The differences of environmental efficiencies lead to the differences of eco-efficiencies in the east, central and west areas, while the economic efficiencies do not have significant differences among these areas. The economic efficiencies showed an opposite “V” shape and the environmental efficiencies showed a decreasing trend during the period 2010–2014.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic During Lockdown on the Veterinary Profession in Romania: A Questionnaire-Based Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Nicoleta Mureşan ◽  
Sorin Morariu ◽  
Radu Andrei Baisan ◽  
Ruxandra Costea ◽  
Cosmin Mureşan
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Veterinary Profession ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Emergency Measures

The lockdown period in Romania lasted for 60 days and had the purpose of limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus outbreak and manage its consequences through emergency measures on many important areas of activity. This study aimed to gather, assess, analyze and disseminate relevant social, economic, and medical aspects on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic during lockdown on the veterinary profession in Romania. A survey was created using an online questionnaire platform, and disseminated. The survey was completed by a total of 409 individuals. A high number of respondents (71.64%; n = 293) felt exposed to medium or high risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 at their workplace and many (56.97%; n = 233) felt that their professional environment was more stressful than usual during lockdown. Almost all respondents (89.73%; n = 367) declared the implementation of several control measures recommended by FECAVA and FVE (e.g., social distancing, wearing protective equipment, hand washing), but few mentioned the opportunity of remote work or visiting restrictions. Overall, the results show that the impact of lockdown lies directly on four main categories of importance on veterinarian professional's life—human resource, activity management, relationship between veterinarian and authorities, and continuing education.

scholarly journals A framework to support alien species regulation: the Risk Analysis for Alien Taxa (RAAT)

NeoBiota ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 213-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Kumschick ◽  
John R. U. Wilson ◽  
Llewellyn C. Foxcroft
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Almost All ◽  
New Framework

Human livelihoods and well-being in almost all regions of the world depend on taxa which are alien. Such taxa also, however, threaten human health, sustainable development, and biodiversity. Since it is not feasible or desirable to control all alien taxa, decision-makers increasingly rely on risk analyses to formalise the best available evidence of the threats posed and whether and how they can be managed. There are a variety of schemes available that consider the risks of alien taxa, but we argue a new framework is needed: 1) given major recent developments in international frameworks dealing with biological invasions (including the scoring of impacts); 2) so that decisions can be made consistently across taxa, regions and realms; 3) to explicitly set out uncertainties; and 4) to provide decision-makers with information both on the risks posed and on what can be done to mitigate or prevent impacts. Any such scheme must also be flexible enough to deal with constraints in capacity and information. Here we present a framework to address these points – the Risk Analysis for Alien Taxa (RAAT). It outlines a series of questions related to an alien taxon’s likelihood of invasion, realised and potential impacts, and options for management. The framework provides a structure for collating relevant data from the published literature to support a robust, transparent process to list alien taxa under legislative and regulatory requirements, with the aim that it can be completed by a trained science graduate within a few days. The framework also provides a defensible process for developing recommendations for the management of assessed taxa. We trialled the framework in South Africa and outline the process followed and some of the taxa assessed to date.

scholarly journals Development Grouping of Synonym Set Thesaurus Vocabulary The Qur’an in English Using Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma Fauziah ◽  
Moch Arif Bijaksana
Keyword(s):  
Text Mining ◽  
Hierarchical Clustering ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Research System ◽  
Hierarchical Grouping ◽  
Grouping Method ◽  
Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm ◽  
F Measure

Research in the field of text mining to process entries or words from the Qur'an is very beneficial for Muslims. This study aims to establish a set of synonyms for the thesaurus in the words of the Qur'an. This research is used because the source of knowledge about the science of the Qur'an is still lacking. The dataset in this study uses the Corpus Qur'an and English Translation. This research is a research development of an article that has been published, namely "The Development of Al-Qur'an Vocabulary Set Synonyms with WordNet Approach" by Laras Gupitasari. Input from this research system uses nouns from the translation of English words in the Quran. The output of the system produces several groups that have the same level of closeness of meaning displayed, the first group means the word in the group has a close meaning. To produce output, this study uses word grouping with a hierarchical grouping method and calculates distances using common paths, then groups results according to the closeness of meaning from word entries. The evaluation in this study produced an F-Measure value of 76%, F-Measure Value is an evaluation to measure the accuracy of predictions issued by the system.

Building models of learning and the equilibrium process

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Boland
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Inductive Learning ◽  
Methodological Individualism ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Realistic Theory ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Equilibrium Process ◽  
Equilibrium Economic ◽  
Almost All

This chapter reconsiders the two contrary views of knowledge and hence of learning that was discussed in Chapter 6. One is the quantity-based view, which plays a role whenever model builders appeal to some form of inductive learning, and a quality-based view, which is the view promoted by Plato’s early Socrates but rarely recognized by equilibrium model builders. Whichever view is adopted, learning needs to be addressed when recognizing any role for knowledge in equilibrium economic models. In this regard, the chapter addresses the main limitation of almost all equilibrium models—namely, the failure to incorporate a realistic theory of the decision makers’ knowledge and learning in the model. The chapter ends by showing how methodological individualism can be generalized. And if it is, it can thereby serve as a basis for a more realistic explanation of an equilibrium’s stability.

Two-Stage Model for Optimized Mitigation and Recovery of Bridge Network with Final Goal of Resilience

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (10) ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Alice Alipour
Keyword(s):  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Infrastructure System ◽  
Stochastic Programming Model ◽  
System Resilience ◽  
Mean Risk

Ensuring resilience of critical infrastructure systems when facing disruptions is of great importance to engineers, stakeholders, and decision makers. Providing an optimal strategy for strengthening infrastructure system performance before disruption and rapidly recovering systems after disruption are two visible approaches to enhance system resilience efficiently. However, because of the complexity of the interrelationship among system infrastructures and the budgetary limitation, there is an imperative requirement for a rigorous decision-making process to track the costs induced by any enhancement to the system. To address this issue, in this paper, a multiobjective and two-stage stochastic programming model was developed for minimizing network-level cost and mean risk by considering both pre- and post-event maintenance actions. To account for the effects of different improvement strategies on network resilience, this model was tested under various disruption scenarios that highlighted the hazard uncertainty by combining a variety of occurrence probabilities. In this model, pre-event activities represent bridge retrofit that could contribute to increasing robustness and redundancy of the network system, whereas post-event activities are bridge repair and recovery on the basis of the resilience-enhancing effects advanced by the pre-event actions. The consequential optimization is the optimal social-economic outcome that considers different construction and disruption scenarios, and indirect costs associated with the system.

The Equilibrium of Parking Violation and China’s Economic Reform

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Hong
Keyword(s):  
Economic Reform ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Simple Assumption ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
The People ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Political decision makers are economic agents who try to maximize self-interests. This simple assumption helps explain China’s decision-making of reform and opening up and shed light on its contradictory political logic. Under a fully planned economy, market liberalization benefits everyone, including political decision makers. After wealth is created in the market economy, political decision-makers have incentives to take a growing share of wealth for themselves if no institutional mechanism exists to check their power. When the proportion of wealth appropriated by political decision-makers exceeds the margin where the people can afford, the market starts to suffer and the growth of wealth is derailed. At the extreme, political decision-makers takes so much wealth to push the entire social economic system to the verge of collapse. Because political decision-makers do not know where the equilibrium margin is, the above thinking has practical consequences. When political decision-makers keep expanding their take of wealth, the worst scenario may occur.

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