ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF AGROTECHNOLOGY OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS IN IRRIGATED AGROCENOSES

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
А.Yu. Timokhin ◽  
◽  
V. S. Boiko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Energy Coefficient ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

The research was conducted in the irrigated stationary crop rotation of FSBEI «Omsk agricultural research center» in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The aim of the research was to determine the bioenergetic efficiency of agricultural technology of seed peas, feed beans and soybeans on irrigated lands. The experiments studied influence of various conditions of mineral nutrition and inoculation of seeds with rhizotorphin on seed productivity of seed peas, feed beans and soybeans under irrigation. It was established that when cultivating peas, phosphorus (in action and aftereffect) increased energy cost per 1 ha from 14.10 to 17.23 GJ or 22%, the introduction of nitrogen fertilizers and microelements against increased phosphorus content – up to 17.14 GJ or 22%, and the pre – sowing introduction of mineral nitrogen, phosphorus and microelements against an increased content of P2O5-up to 20.26 GJ or 44%. At the same time, the increase in seed productivity of the crop provided an increase in gross energy in these variants by 39, 50 and 52%, respectively. It is shown that the improvement of conditions of mineral nutrition of beans provided an increase in energy from 31.32 to 44.84-47.66 GJ/ha or by 43-52%; soybeans-from 14.21 to 20.09-21.03 GJ / ha or by 41-48%. A weak effect of seed inoculation on the yield of various varieties of peas, beans and soybeans, and, as a result, on changes in bioenergetic efficiency indicators, was found. Of all the studied pea varieties, it is worth noting the varieties aksaysky usatyi 55, whose energy coefficient was at the level of 3.03, Yamalsky-2.92 and Blagovest – 2.49. The energy coefficient of various soybean varieties selected by the Omsk ASC was about 2.55-2.87. Feed beans surpassed peas and soybeans in this indicator – 3.55-3.77. Due to high seed productivity, beans have the lowest energy consumption per 1 ton of seeds-about 4.83 GJ.

Economic and energy efficiency of haylands and pastures in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.А. Петрук ◽  
А.О. Вотяков
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Reduced Costs ◽  
Energy Coefficient

В статье представлены результаты изучения экономической и энергетической эффективности возделывания многолетних трав сенокосного и пастбищного использования. С 2007 по 2012 год проведено изучение продуктивности и экономической эффективности возделывания многолетних трав сенокосного использования в лесостепной зоне, коренное улучшение естественных кормовых угодий с 2011 по 2016 год — в южной лесостепи Западной Сибири. Продуктивность и рентабельность производства многолетних трав сенокосного использования с применением минеральных удобрений в лесостепной зоне наиболее высокими были у люцерны и составили 3,2 т/га корм. ед. и 190% соответственно при затратах 8,8 тыс. руб./га. Выход энергии — 43 ГДж/га, энергетический коэффициент (отношение величины выхода продукции к затраченной энергии) — 8,1. Коренное улучшение лугов с применением минеральных удобрений обеспечило получение 0,8 т/га корм. ед. при затратах 4,1 тыс. руб./га, рентабельность составила 56%. Продуктивность естественных угодий при коренном улучшении с использованием органических удобрений — 0,9 т/га корм. ед., рентабельность — 278% при затратах 1,9 тыс. руб./га. Выход энергии с использованием минеральных удобрений — 9,1 ГДж/га, энергетический коэффициент — 1,9, на фоне органических удобрений — соответственно 10,2 ГДж/га и 3,4. Внесение органических удобрений один раз в 5 лет способствовало существенному снижению затрат при коренном улучшении лугов и значительному повышению рентабельности производства. На основании полученных результатов можно заключить: рентабельность производства многолетних трав достаточно высокая, особенно при использовании органических удобрений. Поэтому в хозяйствах с экстенсивными технологиями многолетние травы должны составлять основу кормопроизводства. This article reports on economic and energy efficiencies of perennial grasses cultivated in pastures and haylands. Experiments on hay production took place in the forest-steppe in 2007–2012. Optimization of natural forage lands was conducted in 2011–2016. Alfalfa had the highest hay productivity and economic efficiency under mineral nutrition yielding 3.2 t ha-1 of feed units. Payback amounted to 190%, production costs — 8.8 thousand rubles ha-1. Energy yield reached 43 GJ ha-1, energy coefficient (yield-to-energy ratio) — 8.1. Mineral fertilizers led to the yield of feed units of 0.8 t ha-1, costs of 4.1 thousand rubles ha-1, and profitability of 56%. Under organic fertilization natural forage lands produced 0.9 t ha-1 of feed units, profitability reached 278% while costs — 1.9 thousand rubles ha-1. On the background of mineral nutrition energy yield amounted to 9.1 GJ ha-1, energy coefficient — 1.9, on the background of organic nutrition — 10.2 GJ ha-1 and 3.4, respectively. Organic fertilization once in 5 years significantly reduced costs and increased profitability. Production of perennial crops resulted in high payback, particularly under the application of organic fertilizers. Therefore, farms applying extensive cultivation practices should widely grow perennial grasses.

scholarly journals MICROELEMENT FERTILIZERS, GROWTH REGULATORS, BACTERIAL FERTILIZERS IN THE TECHNOLOGIES OF CULTIVATION OF WINTER TRITICALE IN THE FOREST STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
П.Г. Алёнин ◽  
С.А. Кшникаткин ◽  
Г.В. Ильина ◽  
Е.А. Зуева
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Exogenous Treatment

Исследования проводились в 2003-2011 гг. на опытном поле учебного хозяйства ФГБОУ ВО Пензенский ГАУ, в отделе кормопроизводства ФГБНУ Пензенский НИИСХ, ООО Агрофирма «Биокор-С», ООО Интехсемкор. В результате многолетних исследований установлено, что в условиях Пензенской области наиболее адаптированный сорт озимой тритикале АДС-4, Урожайность 4,46 т/га, что на 0,84 т/га (23,2 %) превышает стандарт Тальва 100. Обработка семян озимой тритикале сорта АДС-4 микроэлементными удобрениями, регуляторами роста и биопрепаратами способствовала повышению урожайности зерна по отношению к контролю по вариантам опыта на 0,74-1,81 т/га (16,4-41,0 %). При этом наибольшая урожайность (6,06 т/га) получена при обработке семян гуматом натрия совместно с аквамиксом. Некорневая подкормка растений комплексными удобрениями на удобренном фоне способствовала увеличению урожайности озимой тритикале сорта Доктрина 110 в фазу кущения – на 0,71-0,80 т/га, в фазу колошения – 0,40-0,47 т/га, в фазу кущение + колошение – 1,36-1,43 т/га. Наиболее эффективным оказалось применение комплексного удобрения Мастер специальный, урожайность зерна сорта Доктрина 110 составила 7,57-8,53 т/га, Тальва 100 - 5,62-6,26 т/га. Наибольшую урожайность зерна 8,53 т/га сорта Доктрина 110 обеспечивает внесение азотных удобрений 60 кг/га д. в. при корневой подкормке и Поли-Фид 4 кг/га при некорневой подкормке в фазу кущения и колошения, прибавка урожайности составила 20,1 %. При возделывании озимой тритикале на кормовые цели наиболее эффективно проводить опрыскивание растений препаратом Мастер специальный, выход кормовых единиц 21,7 т/га, переваримого протеина – 15,05 т/га, обменной энергии – 170,45 ГДж/га. При экзогенной обработке семян озимой тритикале сорта Варвара наибольшая урожайность зерна 4,82 т/га получена при использовании препарата Альбит совместно с препаратом Байкал ЭМ-1. The studies were conducted in 2003-2011 on the experimental field of the FSBEI HE Penza State Agrarian University, in the fodder production department of the FSBI Penza Agricultural Research Institute, OOO Agrofirm Biokor-S, OOO Intechsemkor. As a result of many years of research, it was found that under conditions of Penza region the most adapted winter triticale ADS-4 variety, Yield 4.46 t/ha, which is 0.84 t/ha (23.2 %) higher than Talva 100 standard. The treatment of winter triticale seeds of ADS-4 variety with microelement fertilizers, growth regulators and biological fertilizers contributed to an increase in grain yield in relation to the control according to the experimental variants by 0.74-1.81 t/ha (16.4-41.0 %). At the same time, the highest yield (6.06 t/ha) was obtained by treating seeds with sodium humate together with aquamix. Foliar dressing of plants with complex fertilizers on a fertilized background contributed to an increase in the yield of Doctrina 110 winter triticale in the tillering phase by 0.71-0.80 t/ha, in the heading phase by 0.40-0.47 t/ha, in phase tillering + heading by 1.36-1.43 t/ha. The most effective was the use of complex fertilizer Master Special, the grain yield of Doctrina 110 was 7.57-8.53 t/ha, Talva 100 - 5.62-6.26 t/ha. The highest grain yield of 8.53 t/ha of Doctrina 110 is provided by the application of nitrogen fertilizers 60 kg/ha with root dressing and Poly-Feed 4 kg/ha with foliar dressing during the tillering and heading phase. The yield increase was 20.1 %. When cultivating winter triticale for feed purposes, it is most effective to spray plants with Master Special. The yield of feed units is 21.7 t/ha, digestible protein - 15.05 t/ha, exchange energy - 170.45 GJ/ha. During exogenous treatment of seeds of winter triticale of Varvara variety, the highest grain yield of 4.82 t/ha was obtained using Albit together with Baikal EM-1.

Economic and bioenergy efficiency of saflor growing with the use of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
A.I. Polyakov ◽  
O.Yu. Alieva
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Economic Indicator ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Energy Coefficient ◽  
Additional Mineral

In increasing the yield and improving the quality of safflower products, the primary importance belongs to the agronomic requirements for cultivation, which are based on the biological and physiological characteristics of the culture. The aim of the research was to determine the economic efficiency of growing safflower varieties with the use of additional mineral nutrition and microbiological preparations. The research was conducted in 2017–2019 in the fields of the Institute of Oilseeds of NAAS.Safflower was sown in the first decade of April with a sowing rate of 240,000 similar seeds per hectare. The system of the main tillage: classical. As research factors were selected: varieties – Zhyvchyk and Dobrynya; application of mineral fertilizers – without fertilizers, N60P50 under the main cultivation, P50 – under the main cultivation + N60 – at sowing; application of growth regulators – control (without treatment), Rost-concentrate + Chelatin oil, Chelatin forte + Chelatin mono bor, Chelatin mono bor + Chelatin phosphorus-potassium, Chelatin phosphorus-potassium + Chelatin multimix + Chelatin mono bor. Technical and economic evaluation of safflower cultivation with the use of additional mineral nutrition and microbiological preparations was performed using conventional methods. As a result of our three-year research, the influence of additional mineral nutrition and the use of microbiological preparations on the yield of safflower varieties Zhyvchyk and Dobrynya was established. The highest yields of safflower cultivar Zhyvchyk – 1.71 and 1.70 t/ha and Dobrynya cultivar – 1.84 and 1.85 t/ha were obtained against the background of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N60P50 under the main tillage with the use of Rost-concentrate + Chelatin oil and Chelatine mono bor + Chelatin phosphorus-potassium. The largest conditionally net profit – 22603 UAH/ha for the variety Zhyvchyk and 23837 UAH/ha for the variety Dobrynya was obtained on the background without mineral fertilizers with the use of drugs Chelatin mono bor + Chelatin phosphorus-potassium. The level of profitability, depending on the system of mineral fertilizers and the option of growth stimulants was: for the variety Zhyvchyk 143–524%, for the variety Dobrynya 161–551%. The highest yield of gross energy 38646 MJ/ha in the variety Zhyvchyk and 41509 MJ/ha in the variety Dobrynya was obtained against the background of the main application of N60P50 with treatment of crops with drugs Rost-concentrate + Chelatin oil. The highest indicators of energy coefficient for both varieties were in control (without fertilizers): in Zhyvchyk 3.0–3.1, in Dobrynуа 3.1–3.2. Key words: safflower, variety, mineral fertilizer, growth regulator, productivity, economic indicator, energy coefficient.

Fertilization System as a Factor of Transforming the Humus State of the Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
V. Lopushniak
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Stable Forms

Aim. To establish the effect of different fertilization systems in short fi eld crop rotation on the change in the state of humus in the dark gray podzolic soils in Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field studies were carried out in a stationary experiment of the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of the L’viv National Agrarian University; determination of humus content – according to DSTU 4289:2004, and that of its labile forms – in accordance with DSTU 4732:2007, fraction-group composition – by Ponomare- va-Plotnikova’s method, according to the measurement procedure 31-497058-008-2002. Results. The use of organo-mineral fertilizer system in short fi eld crop rotation with the saturation of organic fertilizers of 15 t/ha of crop rotation contributes to the humus content increase by 0.7 % after the third rotation in 0–40 cm layer of dark gray podzolic soil, the increase in the share of stable forms of humic compounds up to 57–59 % and the increase in the ratio of R HA :R FA to 1.3–1.4. The study demonstrated very high dependence of amount of gross energy reserves in the humus on the R HA :R FA ratio. Conclusions. The combined application of organic fertili- zers in the form of manure, non-market of the crop (straw) and siderate, along with mineral fertilizers is re- commended in short fi eld crop rotations of Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine toensure expanded reproduction of fertility of dark gray podzolic soil, improvement of its humus status, increase in gross energy reserves and the share of the stable forms and humic acids in the humus.

Productivity and quality of soybean seeds with different fertilization on podzolized chernozem

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
H.M. Hospodarenko ◽  
◽  
I.V. Prokopchuk ◽  
K. P. Leonova ◽  
V.P. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Different Doses

The productivity of agricultural crops is the most variable and integral indicator of their vital activity, which accumulates their genetic potential, soil fertility, weather conditions and components of agricultural technology. Soybean under optimal growing conditions (the reaction of the soil is close to neutral, sufficient phosphorus and potassium nutrition, the use of nitraginization) assimilates from the air about 70 % of the total nitrogen requirement. Therefore, it is believed that it is enough to apply only a starting dose of nitrogen fertilizers (20–40 kg/ha a. s.), to get a high yield with good indicators of grain quality. The results of studies of the influence of long-term (8 years) application of different doses and ratios of fertilizers in field crop rotation on podzolized chernozem in the conditions of the Right -Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the yield and quality of soybean seeds preceded by spring barley were presented. It was found that crop yields could be increased by 18–77 % owing to different doses, ratios and types of fertilizers. The highest indicators of seed yields for three years of the research (3,02 t/ha) were obtained under the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N110P60K80 per 1 ha of crop rotation area, including under soybean – N60P60K60. Exclusion of the nitrogen component from the complete fertilizer (N60P60K60) reduced its yield by 26 %, phosphorus – by 17, and potassium by 11 %. There was no significant decrease in soybean yield in the variant of the experiment with a decrease in the proportion of potassium in the composition of complete mineral fertilizer (N60P60K30) for three years of study. The largest mass of 1000 soybean seeds was formed at doses of N60К60 fertilizers, and their protein content — under the application of complete mineral fertilizer in doses of N60P60K60 and N60P60K30.

Influence of formulations of nitrogen fertilizes on oil flax productivity under conditions of western forest-steppe

2018 ◽  
pp. 108-114
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
High Yields

The results of studies on the influence of forms and doses of nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate, urea, carbamide-ammonia mixture, ammonium sulfate) on the productivity of oil flax under the conditions of the western forest-steppe are given. In the traditional system of fertilizer, oil flax is not able to provide high yields and quality products. An effective solution to this is optimization of plant nutrition due to its balance, which promotes intensive plant development, makes it possible to actively and efficiently intervene in the process of harvesting and its quality. Therefore, determining the optimal fertilizer rate for oil flax in specific soil-climatic conditions is important for obtaining stable and high yields of culture. The purpose of our research was to determine the contribution of doses and forms of nitrogen fertilizers to the productivity of flaxseed oil in the soil-climatic conditions of the western forest-steppe. The research was carried out in 2016-2018 at the experimental field of the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian region of NAAS in five-point crop rotation with the total area of the plant growing on a gray forest surface glued type of soil In general, four forms of nitrogen fertilizers were studied: ammonia, nitrate, carbamide-ammonia mixture, urea and ammonium sulfate, which were added in doses: N30; N45 one time; and N30 + N15 under pre-sowing cultivation and in the "fir tree" phase against the background of P30K60. The total number of variants was 16. The object of research was a variety of flax oilseed crops of breeding of the Institute of Oilseeds of NAAS. The seed sowing rate is 6 mln similar seed per hectare. According to the results of three-year studies, the effect of intensification of mineral nitrogen feed and various forms of nitrogen fertilizers on the indices of the elements of productivity and yield of flaxseed oil has been established. In particular, it was found that their use had little effect on the density change of plant stem growth. The use of nitrogen fertilizers in the dose N45 on the background of P30K60 improved plant survival (killed during the vegetation of 0.33-0.42 million pp./ha, which is 5.2-6.3 % for control, where the death observed 0.58 million ppm/ha or 8.4 %)) compared to the N30 dose (0.39-0.49 million pcs/ha). In addition, the use of the dose N45 separately (N30 under cultivation + N15 in the phase of the "fir tree") also improved the survival rate of plants (5.2-5.8 % of dead plants) compared with the simultaneous application of N45 cultivation (5.6-7.1 %) The percentage of deaths grew in control (without fertilizers) - 8.4 % against the background of P30K60 - 7.0 %. The application of various forms and doses of nitrogen fertilizers led to an increase in the control of the elements of productivity. The introduction of N45 against the background of P30K60 contributed to an increase in the number of boxes on plants, according to the variants of fertilizers, this index varied from 14.6 to 18.3 pieces per plant (10.9 - on the control, 12.9 pcs/roll - on the РК background), increasing the amount of seeds per plant by 12.7 pc. per plant, a mass of 1000 seeds per 0.2-0.3 g compared with the control and 0.1-0.2 g compared with the LCD background, where this figure was 6.8 g. On average, over the years of research, the highest productivity of flax seed of oilseed Vodograi (2,27 and 2,48 t / ha) was obtained provided the mineral fertilizer N15P30K60 was applied for cultivation in combination with carbamide feed in the phase of "fir tree" at a dose of N15. When using the nitrogen component in the form of KAS, the gain to control was 1.45 t / ha, to the background - 1.12 t/ha. In control and against the background, this indicator was 1.04 and 1.36 t/ha respectively. When using other forms of nitrogen fertilizers on the background of P30K60, lower yields of flaxseed crops were obtained (1.37-1.38 t/ha). The introduction of the N45 separately (N30 under cultivation + N15 into the "fir tree" phase) generally led to higher performance than a single application for cultivation. Among the studied forms of fertilizers, urea and carbamide-ammonia also caused a slightly higher percentage of fiber content in flax stems, however, it was within the experimental error and was not significantly increased.

Soybean production potential under crop rotation in the central forest-steppe of Trans-Urals

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
Ю.В. Суркова ◽  
И.Н. Цымбаленко ◽  
С.Д. Гилев
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Rotation System ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Представлена комплексная оценка эффективности диверсификации севооборотов, а также способов обработки почвы и влияния азотных удобрений при возделывании сои в условиях засушливого климата центральной лесостепной зоны Зауралья. По результатам исследований, проведённых в 2010–2020 годах в Курганском НИИСХ – филиале УрФАНИЦ УрО РАН, установлено влияние гидротермических условий региона и агротехнических приёмов на формирование урожайности сои. В острозасушливые годы с гидротермическим коэффициентом 0,3–0,6 урожайность сои снижалась наполовину по сравнению с благоприятными по тепло- и влагообеспеченности периодами (ГТК — 1,1–1,2). На фоне удобрений и надёжной системы защиты посевов сои от сорных растений менее затратная поверхностная обработка по урожайности не уступала вспашке. Минеральный азот в дозе N30 на фоне средней обеспеченности почвы подвижным фосфором в острозасушливые годы обеспечил прибавку зерна сои 0,28 т/га, в благоприятные по условиям увлажнения годы прибавка от применения N30 увеличилась до 0,43 т/га. Диверсификация традиционного четырёхпольного зернопарового севооборота путём замены пшеничного поля посевами сои обеспечила повышение продуктивности, улучшение качества продукции и экономических показателей. Рентабельность производства продукции с севооборотной площади в вариантах с ресурсосберегающей поверхностной обработкой выросла до 110% без удобрений и до 117% — на фоне N30 против 49 и 66% в зернопаровом севообороте. В результате многолетних исследований в контрастных погодных условиях установлено, что производство сои в полевом севообороте в центральной лесостепной зоне Зауралья рентабельно даже в острозасушливые годы. При низком уровне урожайности (0,50–0,70 т/га) рентабельность составляет 30–50%. В благоприятные годы ресурсы зауральского климата позволяют получать урожайность сои на уровне 1,40–1,80 т/га. При этом рентабельность повышается до 220%. The report deals with the optimization of a rotation system as well as the effect of tillage and nitrogen fertilizers on soybean productivity under the drought of the central forest-steppe in Trans-Urals. The investigation was conducted at the Kurgan Research Institute of Agriculture in 2010–2020. The aim was to test the effect of tillage, moisture and temperature on soybean yield. Drought (hydrothermal coefficient of 0.3–0.6) reduced soybean productivity by 50% in comparison to favorable conditions (hydrothermal coefficient of 1.1–1.2). Less expensive surface tillage was as effective as plowing under fertilization and weed control. In dry years application of N30 increased grain yield by 0.28 t ha-1 under medium content of soluble P. Under favorable conditions the increase amounted to 0.43 t ha-1. Substitution of wheat with soybean in the conventional four-field crop rotation system resulted in higher crop productivity, yield quality and economic effectiveness. Payback raised up to 110% under surface tillage and no fertilization and 117% — on the background of N30 versus 49 and 66% obtained under fallow and grain crop rotation. Soybean production was cost-effective even under drought. Low soybean yield (0.50–0.70 t ha-1) resulted in profitability of 30–50%. Favorable conditions of the region provided soybean yield of 1.40–1.80 t ha-1, increasing profitability up to 220%.

scholarly journals The study of morphophysiological and economically valuable traits and properties of variety samples of grain sorghum

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Natalya Aleksandrovna Shyurova ◽  
Aleksandr Gennadyevich Subbotin ◽  
Valeriy Ivanovich Zhuzhukin ◽  
Viktor Bisengalievich Narushev ◽  
Galiya Idrisovna Ermolaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Unit Energy ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Feed Value

The results of studying 32 variety samples and lines of grain sorghum are presented, as well as experimental data on the genotypes of vegetative and generative traits, and the biochemical composition of grain. When considering the elements of the structure of the grain sorghum crop, we proceeded from the understanding that the yield is directly dependent on the number of grains per 1 m2 and their mass of 1000 grains. Since the plant standing density was the same for all the studied samples, genotypes with a large mass of grains of 1 plant were noted (k-3568, k-3867, k-3900, k-3904, k-8926), which depends on the number of productive stems per plant and weight of 1000 grains. The following cultivars are characterized by the largest mass of 1000 grains: k-3568, k-3900, k-3904, k-3911, k-3962, k-3967, k-3970, k-8926. The average weight of grains from 1 panicle varied in the range from 14.1 to 22.7 g, and the biological grain yield was 3.69 ... 6.19 t / ha (with a grain moisture content of 13%). The output of gross energy for cattle is from 3.99 to 6.69 energetic feed unit. Energy assessment and feed value are determined by the biochemical composition of the grain. In the experiment, variety specimens with high protein content were revealed: k-3902, k-3946, k-3959, k-3970. More than 4.0% of fat was detected in the grain of the variety samples: k-3867, k-3911, k-3957, k-3967, k-3970, k-3973.

scholarly journals Setting efficiency indicators for center pivots

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo L. Schons ◽  
Adroaldo D. Robaina ◽  
Márcia X. Peiter
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Specific Consumption ◽  
Irrigation Efficiency ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

In this study, it was discussed the efficiency criteria in each of the elements that compose a central pivot, and this analysis was applied to two sets of systems located in regions of Cruz Alta and Santo Augusto, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The methodology used combines water and energy assessment through an indicator called Normalized Specific Consumption in Irrigation (C ENI), allowing thus a comparison between equipment and projects. The C ENI in Cruz Alta region showed 72% of the equipment above the standard (8.68 kWh mm-1 ha-1 100m-1), and in Santo Augusto region 64.28% with consumption above the standard. The mean irrigation efficiency for Cruz Alta region was 29.85%, with standard deviation of 5.41%, and for Santo Augusto region, it was 29.02%, with standard deviation of 5.15%.

scholarly journals The effect of mineral fertilizers and methods of basic soil tillage on the productivity of new promising soybean varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
K. H. Khatkov ◽  
N. I. Mamsirov
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Selection Of

The agrotechnical significance of leguminous crops, in particular soybeans, consists in its ability to provide a huge bulk of vegetable protein and less nitrogen depletion of soils than non-legume crops [2]. Despite the fact that nitrogen symbiotically fixed by soybean plants is alienated with the harvest and taken out of the field with organic residues of leguminous crops, more nitrogen remains in the soil after them than with residues of other crops. In this regard soybeans are good predecessors in various stages of crop rotation. The article discusses topical issues of increasing productivity of leguminous crops, in particular, soybeans, when using different doses of ammophos against the background of its placement in various ways of main tillage of drained leached chernozems. In 2018–2019 studies were carried out to establish the influence of the optimal dose of mineral nutrition and the best method of soil cultivation on the productivity and quality indicators of soybeans of the French selection of the Amphora, Mentor and Isidor varieties. According to the results of the research, different effectiveness of the considered variants of the experiment was established. Thus, higher rates of soybean yield were noted in the later-maturing Isidor variety within 2,03–2,30 t/ha for plowing, and 1,70–1,91 for soil disking. The most cost-effective dose of mineral nutrition for all studied soybean varieties was the dose of 50 kg/ha of Ammophos (N6H26) against the background of plowing, where the profit from the increase in yield relative to the control was in the range of 2900–3650 rubles/ha, and against the background of disking soil the dose of Ammophos was 100 kg/ha (N12H52), where the profit was in the range of 1300–2050 rubles/ha.

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