scholarly journals ‘Crowded out’? Immigration Surge and Residents’ Employment Outcomes in Norway

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Ivar Elstad ◽  
Kristian Heggebø
Keyword(s):  
Regional Economy ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
Low Educated

This study uses Norwegian public register data in a spatial correlation approach, and analyzes associations between regional variations in immigration and employment outcomes 2004–2015 in a cohort of adult residents (N = 1.3 million). A higher share of immigrants in the regional population and an immigrant population dominated by low-educated were associated with slightly negative work income trends and less employment opportunities for residents, in particular for low- educated natives and earlier immigrants. A steep increase in the immigrant share of the regional population was, on the other hand, associated with better employment outcomes for all analyzed resident categories. Overall, regional immigration differences were only modestly related to the out- comes. Findings indicate that the institutional context has limited the role of market mechanisms in the labor market, and a booming regional economy will tend to neutralize potentially negative effects of immigration on residents’ employment.

Competition and Collaboration in Translation Education

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Tarek Shamma
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Group Work ◽  
University Student ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
United Arab Emirates University ◽  
Translator Education

This chapter discusses the results of a pilot study that explored the use of contests in translation pedagogy, proposing methods for designing classroom and extracurricular contests. Three translation contests (two in-class and one extracurricular) were conducted for undergraduate students at United Arab Emirates University. Student questionnaires were used to examine the potential role of contests in translator education and, in particular, the positive and negative effects of competition on students' motivation. The use of group work was also examined as a method of minimizing the potential negative effects of competition, as described in the literature. The study indicates that contests can be useful in stimulating student motivation, especially on the basic levels of education. On the other hand, it is suggested that, while group work is seen as effective and desirable by most students, there are caveats to be considered when planning and implementing this type of activity.

scholarly journals Frugal innovation: doing more with less for more

2017 ◽  
Vol 375 (2095) ◽  
pp. 20160372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaideep Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Frugal Innovation ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Demand Reduction ◽  
The One

The global economy will face significant challenges over the next few decades. On the one hand, it must meet the needs of 7 billion consumers (growing to 9 billion by 2050), including the currently unmet basic needs of large numbers in developing countries in areas such as food, energy, housing and health. On the other hand, it must achieve this growth without exceeding the resources available on the planet or causing environmental devastation. This paper argues that such change is possible through a systemic shift to a frugal economy that involves radical, frugal innovation across sectors. Such a transformation will involve the participation of large and small firms, consumers and governments alike. The paper introduces the notion of frugal innovation—the creation of faster, better and cheaper solutions for more people that employ minimal resources—and discusses strategies and examples of such change already taking place in core sectors like manufacturing, food, automotive and energy in developing and developed economies. It also outlines the role of the interaction between large and small firms as well as between firms and consumers in making change possible, as well as the role of governments in driving change where market mechanisms alone will not suffice. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Material demand reduction’.

scholarly journals Prison Leave in Finland: Legal and Empirical Fundamentals of an Established Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Keinänen ◽  
M. Kilpeläinen ◽  
J. Pajuoja ◽  
S. Tyni
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Common Type ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prison Sentence ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
The Past

AbstractPrison leave was introduced into the Finnish legal system in 1971, with the aim to reduce negative effects of institutionalization and disadvantages caused by the length of the prison sentence. After the total reform of prison legislation in 2006, the role of the prison leave has become even more central; the number of prisoners has decreased, but the amount of prison leave has increased. Historically, the length of the sentence has been the most common ground for prison leave. A prisoner can be granted a prison leave when two thirds of the prison term has been served, for example, after 2 years if the length of the total sentence served in prison is 3 years. However, during the past 10 years, prison leave based on an important reason has grown into the most common type of prison leave. This indicates a structural change from the rigid legal rules to a more flexible practice. In 2018, there were about 17,000 prison leave applications, and over 13,000 of those were granted, i.e. 79%. The conditions were breached 466 times, which is 3.5% of all prison leaves. The most common breaches of prison leave conditions were returning from a prison leave after the set time limit or under the influence of alcohol or drugs. The majority of prison leave applications are decided in the prisons. On the other hand, for example, the decision on the prison leave of a life-sentenced prisoner is made by the Criminal Sanctions Agency. There have been significant differences in the probability of granting prison leave, which are emphasized especially in the practices of closed prisons. Among those prisoners who serve longer than 1 year in prison, the application rate of prison leave rises over 90%. For the sentences under 3 months, it is less than 20%.

An Economic Analysis of Interregional Commodity Flows

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1115-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Ihara
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
The Other ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Commodity Flows ◽  
Using Data

This paper analyzes interregional commodity flows in order to clarify the characteristics of trade structures for the regional economy in Japan. Two types of analytical model are indicated according to two different objectives. One is to characterize the role of each industrial sector, the other is to take into account the relative connectivity of the interregional relationships under study. Even these simple models provide some useful information for regional development and planning, as demonstrated in this paper by using data from the 1970 interregional input—output table.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Pendapatan Daerah Berbasis Pada Usaha Mikro, Kecil, Dan Menengah

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurnal ARISTO ◽  
Khairina Nainggolan ◽  
Yaqub Cikusi
Keyword(s):  
Regional Economy ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
New Product ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Made In China ◽  
Micro Enterprises ◽  
Made In

The development of small and micro enterprises have a very important role in the development of the regional economy. it can be seen from the amount of employment opportunities provided by UMKM for the community. UMKM existence cannot be under timed, because UMKM have a proven able to with stand the economic crisis that occurred in Indonesia. However, in the development of UMKM cannot be separated from in habiting fact that hit existence of UMKM. Several classic problems that occur in UMKM is lack of capital in the developing the business, unhealthy market competition that still happening until now is the market competition with product made in china. Lack of information about the market network and still lack of innovation in creating new product-products. UMKM therefore very much require the role of government in the developing small and middlebusiness.

scholarly journals Werther and the (putative) power of literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-393
Author(s):  
Fábio Perin Shecaira
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Law Schools ◽  
Literary Expression ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Political Implications

Friends of literature often claim that it is capable of making readers more tolerant and benevolent. Enemies of literature, on the other hand, claim that it is capable of corrupting readers. Both groups exaggerate the power of literature. The exaggeration has important consequences for the debate about the role of literature in the curriculum of law schools and also for the debate about the limits of literary expression. This paper discusses one literary work frequently used to exemplify the negative effects of literature: Goethe’s “The sorrows of young Werther”. It is a commonplace among literary scholars that the publication of the book caused numerous suicides in eighteenth-century Europe. This paper raises doubts about that commonplace by emphasizing the lack of evidence to support it as well as the gravity of its political implications.

scholarly journals Positive Changes in Life Outcomes over the Pandemic in Chinese Adolescents: The Role of Resilience and Relation to Mental Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Bin Li ◽  
Kai Dou ◽  
Zi-Hao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Adolescent Development ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
The Other ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Person Centered Approach

Abstract Background Although the existing literature has well documented the negative effects of COVID-19 on multiple life outcomes in adolescents, some research has also revealed that some life outcomes have become better during COVID-19. Scant research has specifically examined to what extent and in what aspects COVID-19 is beneficial to adolescent development so far. With person-centered approach, this research addressed this gap by: (1) exploring different profiles of positive changes in life outcomes in Chinese adolescents since the outbreak of COVID-19; (2) examining the role of resilience in relation to different profiles; (3) comparing mental health across adolescents categorized into different profiles. Method Participants were 2,567 Chinese adolescents aged 12 to 24. They rated how much their lives of different domains had experienced positive changes since the outbreak of the pandemic. They also answered the questionnaires that measured their resilience and mental health. Results Results of latent profile analysis revealed three different profiles: limited positive changes (33.3%), partial positive changes (49.5%), and overall strong positive changes (17.2%). Moreover, adolescents with a higher level of resilience were more likely to be categorized into the partial positive changes profile compared to the limited positive changes profile and into the overall strong positive changes profile compared to the other two profiles, after controlling for the covariates. Finally, adolescents in the overall strong positive changes profile had better mental health than their counterparts in the other two profiles. Conclusion COVID-19 might be helpful to adolescent development to some extent, especially for those with higher resilience.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Pendapatan Daerah Berbasis Pada Usaha Mikro, Kecil, Dan Menengah

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurnal ARISTO
Keyword(s):  
Regional Economy ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
New Product ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Made In China ◽  
Micro Enterprises ◽  
Made In

The development of small and micro enterprises have a very important role in the development of the regional economy. it can be seen from the amount of employment opportunities provided by UMKM for the community. UMKM existence cannot be under timed, because UMKM have a proven able to with stand the economic crisis that occurred in Indonesia. However, in the development of UMKM cannot be separated from in habiting fact that hit existence of UMKM. Several classic problems that occur in UMKM is lack of capital in the developing the business, unhealthy market competition that still happening until now is the market competition with product made in china. Lack of information about the market network and still lack of innovation in creating new product-products. UMKM therefore very much require the role of government in the developing small andmiddlebusiness.

scholarly journals Das razões da indignação o insulto como estratégia política no debate parlamentar

2020 ◽  
pp. 385-398
Author(s):  
Isabel Gonçalves Viola
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Political Position ◽  
Parliamentary Debate ◽  
Verbal Violence

This paper aims to verify how impoliteness is co-constructed in interactions within an institutional context, more specifically in the communicative situation of parliamentary debate, of an agonal nature. It is intended, therefore, to analyse the procedures that fall within the discourse register of verbal violence and in the category of insult. On the other hand, there is the purpose to study the role of emotions, namely the expression of indignation in argumentation, through the analysis of rhetorical and argumentative procedures in excerpts of controversial interactions of the political discourse subgenre in parliamentary debate, between 2009 and 2012. This analysis is part of the discourse analysis framework, particularly in the analysis of the parliamentary discourse (Ilie, 2010; Marques, 2008), specifically with regard to the “unparliamentarily language” (Ilie, 2004), and integrates theoretical contributions of the argumentation in the discourse (Amossy 2016 [2000], 2014; Plantin 2011), with particular emphasis on the emotionalization of the arguments (Micheli, 2013, 2014). This analysis will also include a number of concepts reformulated by Kerbrat-Orecchioni (1992, 1996), which concern face-work (Goffman, 1974) and face threatening acts (FTAs - Face Threatening Acts), as well as the concept of impoliteness (Culpeper 2011). The linguistic-discursive strategies used in the construction of the dissent will be analysed from a theoretical perspective of verbal violence, according to the works of Auger et al. (2008), with particular emphasis on the offensive illocutionary acts. It appears that the purpose of verbal confrontation is not to reach consensus, but rather to express disagreement and to mark a political position. Not infrequently, however, the intention of those involved in the conflictual discourse goes beyond that of refuting a contrary thesis (and demonstrating that of your party). Instead, it aims at the disqualification and ridicule of the adversary by mobilizing aggressive and destructive verbal acts, mainly associated to an escalation of emotional tension, with the purpose of building a certain political ethos (Charaudeau 2014 [2005]).

scholarly journals Janus-Faced Paradigms

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4.) ◽  
pp. 171-184
Author(s):  
Erika Gúti ◽  
Attila T. Horváth
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
African Language ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Language System ◽  
Linguistic Imperialism ◽  
Cultural Paradigm

The paper examines the parallel existence of the global paradigm ‘linguistic imperialism’ and the linguistic/cultural paradigm in the African language system, which in their own right can have positive or negative effects, too. The other question that the paper looks at is the role of the great African lingua francas (e.g., Swahili) in this system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document