scholarly journals Promoting Mental Health as a Key Priority for Sustainable Development in Ghana

2019 ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
Ganu D
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World

Mental health is an essential element of health and equally important for the healthy functioning of families, communities and society. In 2005, the World Health Organization declared mental health as a universal human right. In spite of this right, mental health related problems affect 10% of the world population at any given time. About 75% of this worldwide disease burden is in the poor countries. On the average, about 21.6 million people live in Ghana and about 650,000 of these are suffering from a severe mental disorder. This shows that poor mental health is increasingly becoming a menace in the Ghanaian society. Therefore, the objective of this research is to assess the attitude of Ghanaian health care workers towards mental illness and to determine resource availability. The study adopted cross sectional study design and utilized quantitative data collection. Inferential statistics, specifically, correlation was used to determine the possible relationships of factors and mental disorders. Results of the study showed that 62.2% will hide mentally unstable due to social stigma and discrimination. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between attitude and gender toward mental health, r = .205, n = 250 and P < 0.01. Also, 30% and 32% respectfully stated that mental health services are not easily accessible or affordable. These results formed basis of the need for action plans to promote mental health in Ghana in order to meet the sustainable development goals.

MORBIDITY PATTERN AMONG ADOLESCENT SCHOOL GIRLS IN RURAL AND URBAN SCHOOL OF JHANSI (U.P.)- A COMPARATIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhanshu Gupta ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Piyush D Swami ◽  
Anjana Niranjan
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban

Background: According to World Health Organization, adolescents constitute about one fifth of the world population, and in India they constitute about 21% of the total population. Most of the surveys show that health status of adolescent girls is at sub-optimal level. Objectives: To assess nutritional status and morbidity pattern among the adolescent girls and to suggest measures for improvement of health status of adolescent girls.  Method: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out among 250 adolescent schoolgirls in Rural and urban field practice area of Jhansi school from January 2017 to July 2014. Results: Among the various morbidities eye problem was seen in maximum no of adolescent girls. Eye problem was present in 44.8% of adolescent girls followed by respiratory 14.7% and ear 13.06% disease. Skin disease was present in 3.2% of adolescent girls, which was more in rural girls 6.7% than in urban girls 1.7%, may be due to better hygienic practice in urban schoolgirls. Conclusions: Rural background, low socioeconomic status, illiteracy, birth rate and order, income and number of members in a family have shown to be significant determinants of morbidity pattern in the adolescent girls. Keywords: Adolescent, anemia, morbidity, vaginal discharge.

scholarly journals An investigation on the frequency of thoughts, readiness and suicide attempt in individuals with thalassemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1847-1853
Author(s):  
Sahar Attar ◽  
Nour Mohammad Bakhshani ◽  
Qasem Miri Aliabad
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World

Background and Aim: Thalassemia major is one of the most common chronic genetic diseases in the world and in Iran that can impose many adverse effects on the self and society. Psychologically, patients with thalassemia are under stress. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is important to identify the people who have the highest risk factors for suicide. The present research investigates the frequency of thoughts, readiness and suicide attempts in people with thalassemia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Its sample was 150 patients with thalassemia in the age range of 10 to 46 years whom we selected through census by sampling at convenience. We gave to patients a standardized Beck Suicide Thought Assessment Questionnaire. We analyzed the research data using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results: From among 150 patients with thalassemia in this study, 57.3% of the respondents were male and 42.7% were female. The results showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between suicide thoughts and attempts and age (-0.234) (P <0.05). The mean prevalence of suicide in men (1.89) was significantly higher compared to women (0.79) (P <0.05). We did not observe significant difference in prevalence of suicide thoughts and attempts between married and single groups with a mean difference (0.69) (P <0.05) and, in different educational groups, no significant difference was reported (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this research showed that among patients with thalassemia, the prevalence of suicidal ideation has a significant percentage. Since suicidal ideation provides a platform for preparation and attempt to commit suicide, so by providing mental health services and regular screening, we can take an effective step to prevent this problem among patients with thalassemia. Keywords: Thalassemia, Suicidal ideation, Suicide.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Prilaku Pemberian Asi Eksklusif di Kelurahan Tabona Kecamatan Kota Ternate Selatan

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Karima Soamole
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Additional Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract : It is estimated that 80% of mothers who gave birth were able to produce milk in quantities sufficient for the purposes of the baby in full without any additional food and according to the World Health Organization recommends breastfeeding until the age of 4-6 months baby. Annually, more than 25,000 babies Indonesia and 1.3 million babies around the world can be saved by exclusive breastfeeding in 1999, while according to the 2000 report, the WHO approximately 1.5 million children die because they are not feeding properly, less than 15% infants worldwide are given for four months of exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding is often inappropriate and unsafe. This research is explanatory research because it explains the relationship between independent variables and dependent variable through hypothesis testing. The method used in this study is a survey method with cross sectional study design. The population in this study are all mothers who breastfeed in Puskesmas Kalumata 2012. Knowledge of the highest in the category of knowledge of both 81 (95.3%) and the behavior of the Exclusive breastfeeding is highest among respondents with a good knowledge of the 55 categories (67.9%). Respondents' attitudes toward breastfeeding Exclusive showed much respondeng that supports 54 (63.5%) and 31 (36.5%) that does not support exclusive breastfeeding her baby. Family Support tehadap respondents in the most exclusive breastfeeding: supporting respondents in exclusive breastfeeding her baby 64 (75.3%) and 21 (24.7%) who did not support the.

scholarly journals Measles Distribution Map according to Measles Immunization and Vitamin A Coverage

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Vika Gress Vio Dilita ◽  
Lucia Yovita Hendrati
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Measles Incidence

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Indonesia is one of the ten countries with the most significant number of measles cases in the world. Immunization coverage in Trenggalek Regency has reached the target of prevention of measles in the elimination stage, namely measles immunization coverage> 95%, the incidence of measles persists and increases in the last three years, from 2013 to 2015. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the trends between measles immunization status and the provision of vitamin A with the incidence of measles in Trenggalek Regency. Methods: This type of research is an observational study with a cross-sectional study design. The sample population is consist of 14 sub-districts in Trenggalek Regency. Data was taken from the health profile of Trenggalek Regency in 2013, 2014, and 2015. In this study, data processing were analysed by Health Mapper application version 4.3.0.0 with product version 4.03 to determine data descriptively. Results: Distribution of measles incidence with immunization coverage in Trenggalek Regency in 2013, 2014, and 2015 showed that measles incidence tended to increase followed with the decreasing number of measles immunization coverage each year. Ironically, the distribution of measles incidence with vitamin A administration in 2013, 2014, and 2015 showed the incidence of measles had increased because of the inconsistent amount of vitamin A administration. Conclusion: Measles incidence tends to occur in low immunization coverage areas and has decreased from the previous year. Giving vitamin A does not prevent the occurrence of measles, but serves to reduce compilation.

scholarly journals Magnitude of infertility and associated factors among women attending selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekdes Akalewold ◽  
Getachew W. Yohannes ◽  
Ziyad Ahmed Abdo ◽  
Yonas Hailu ◽  
Aynye Negesse
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Introduction The World Health Organization estimated that approximately 48 million couples and 186 million people are infertile worldwide. Although the problem of infertility is increasing worldwide, as well as in Ethiopia, there are limited studies done. Therefore, this study aims to determine the magnitude of infertility and the major risk factors in three governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study. The participants were selected by using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected through an interview using a structured questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify the predictor variables. Statistical significance was considered at a P < 0.05 with an adjusted odds ratio calculated at 95% CI. Result The overall prevalence of infertility was 27.6% (95%CI = 23.2, 32.0). Of these, 14.4% had primary infertility, and 13.2% had secondary infertility. Those whose duration of marriage was less than 60 months [AOR = 3.85; 95%CI 1.39, 10.64], had a history of fallopian tube obstructions [AOR = 8.27; 95%CI 2.36, 28.91], had irregular frequency of coitus [AOR = 37.4; 95%CI 11.29, 124.114], had more than one sex partner [AOR = 3.51; 95%CI 1.64, 7.54], had an abortion greater than 3 times [AOR = 6.89; 95%CI 1.28, 37.09], and had partners who currently consumed alcohol [AOR = 1.31; 95%CI 1.11, 1.86] were more likely to be infertile than their counterparts. Conclusion According to the results of this study, the prevalence of infertility was high compared to the global estimate of the World Health Organization. The government, health care providers, and researchers should emphasize developing appropriate strategies, research, education, and awareness creation of infertility and its potential causes.

scholarly journals Parental mental health during COVID-19 pandemic in Tamil Nadu: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 6047
Author(s):  
Hari Krishnan R. ◽  
Hanitha Rajasekar ◽  
Suganthi S.
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Parental Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: The whole world became still, when a major pandemic COVID-19 started its toll across all developed and developing countries. It has caused both physical and emotional disturbances among all age groups. This study was done to evaluate the parental mental health in COVID-19 as this group is not given much importance. The major mental health problems associated with COVID-19 among parents are due to online classes which has caused depression, anxiety and stress.Methods: A cross-sectional study done among all parents, especially those of whose children are attending online class were included in the study. Convenient sampling was used to select 204 participants, GHQ 12 questionnaire was used for data collection on mental health status among parents.Results: Overall prevalence of parents with better mental health <19 was 108 (52.9%) and prevalence of parents with poor mental health >19 was 96 (47.1%).Conclusions: This study concluded that parental age of 31 to 40 years who are employed and have children studying in primary school to have a poor mental health status. The most important contributing factors for poor parental health were online classes for children and work place stress.

scholarly journals Investigating the effect of social networking site use on mental health in an 18–34 year-old general population; a cross-sectional study using the 2016 Scania Public Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Stella Scott ◽  
Catarina Canivet ◽  
Per-Olof Östergren
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Effect Modification ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Survey

Abstract Background Social Networking Sites (SNS) are commonly used, especially by young adults. Their impact on mental health is unclear. Moreover, little is known about how social factors, e.g. Perceived Emotional Support (PES), may affect this association. Mental health issues are increasingly burdening the young generation and society as a whole. This study aims to investigate the association between frequency of SNS use and number of SNS contacts with the mental health of a young, Swedish population. Additionally, the potential effect modification of PES will be analysed in regard to these relationships. Method This cross-sectional study applied logistic regression analyses to data on 1341 participants (aged 18–34), retrieved from the Scania Public Health Survey (2016). Analyses were stratified by gender and the GHQ-12 scale assessed poor mental health. A 2-way interaction model was used to test for effect modification by PES regarding the association between SNS use and mental health. Results Increased risk for poor mental health was found in women only. Using SNS almost hourly vs. less often resulted in an odds ratio (OR) of 1.66 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.16–2.38). The corresponding figures for having ≥600 contacts vs. ≤599 were (1.89; 1.21–2.97). Having low PES and using SNS almost hourly was associated with an OR of 3.12 (CI = 1.69–5.76; synergy index (SI) = 1.25). Low PES and ≥ 600 contacts resulted in an OR of 6.07 (CI = 1.73–21.33), whereby interaction was detected (SI = 2.88). Conclusion Women, but not men, with frequent SNS use and a high number of SNS contacts were more likely to have poor mental health, which was exacerbated in women with low PES. Facilitating PES could be an approach for improving mental health among young adults. Future studies on the use of SNS should focus more on gender analyses.

scholarly journals Association of socioeconomic and lifestyle-related risk factors with mental health conditions: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miwako Nagasu ◽  
Kazutaka Kogi ◽  
Isamu Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Disposable Income ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Household Disposable Income

Abstract Background There is rising public concern over the widening health inequalities in many countries. The aim of this study was to clarify the associations of socioeconomic status (SES)-related variables, such as levels of household disposable income and employment status, and lifestyle factors with mental health conditions among Japanese adults aged 40 to 69. Methods A cross-sectional study of 3085 participants (1527 males and 1558 females) was undertaken by using a self-administered questionnaire that included the Japanese version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and questions related to socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. Results The prevalence of poor mental health conditions, represented by a GHQ-12 score of 4 or more, was 33.4% among males and 40.4% among females. Males whose annual household disposable income was less than 2 million yen had significantly higher GHQ-12 scores than those with an annual household disposable income above 2 million yen. As per binary logistic regression analyses, short sleep duration and the absence of physical exercise were significantly related to poor mental health conditions among both males and females. Among females, a household disposable income of less than 2 million yen could be a risk factor for poor mental health conditions. Age and habitual drinking were inversely associated with poor mental health conditions. Conclusions Low levels of household disposable income and unhealthy lifestyle factors were significantly associated with mental health conditions. These results suggest the importance of improving unhealthy lifestyle behaviours and developing effective health promotion programmes. In addition, there is a need for social security systems for people from different socioeconomic backgrounds.

scholarly journals Employment Precariousness and Poor Mental Health: Evidence from Spain on a New Social Determinant of Health

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Vives ◽  
Marcelo Amable ◽  
Montserrat Ferrer ◽  
Salvador Moncada ◽  
Clara Llorens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Prevalence Proportion ◽  
Permanent Workers

Background.Evidence on the health-damaging effects of precarious employment is limited by the use of one-dimensional approaches focused on employment instability. This study assesses the association between precarious employment and poor mental health using the multidimensional Employment Precariousness Scale.Methods.Cross-sectional study of 5679 temporary and permanent workers from the population-based Psychosocial Factors Survey was carried out in 2004-2005 in Spain. Poor mental health was defined as SF-36 mental health scores below the 25th percentile of the Spanish reference for each respondent’s sex and age. Prevalence proportion ratios (PPRs) of poor mental health across quintiles of employment precariousness (reference: 1st quintile) were calculated with log-binomial regressions, separately for women and men.Results.Crude PPRs showed a gradient association with poor mental health and remained generally unchanged after adjustments for age, immigrant status, socioeconomic position, and previous unemployment. Fully adjusted PPRs for the 5th quintile were 2.54 (95% CI: 1.95–3.31) for women and 2.23 (95% CI: 1.86–2.68) for men.Conclusion.The study finds a gradient association between employment precariousness and poor mental health, which was somewhat stronger among women, suggesting an interaction with gender-related power asymmetries. Further research is needed to strengthen the epidemiological evidence base and to inform labour market policy-making.

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