scholarly journals Dietary Inclusion of Scent Leaf Meal (Ocimum Gratissimum) Affects Immune Genes Expression in Chicken Spleen at 28 and 56 Days

Animal Review ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Ufuoma G Sorhue ◽  
Emenim R Onainor ◽  
Adimabua M Moemeka ◽  
Irikefe-Ekeke E Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Strain Effect ◽  
Immune Genes ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Chicken Spleen ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Inclusion Rate ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study was conducted to examine the effects of scent leaf meal (Ocimum gratissimum) on expression of inflammatory cytokines in the spleen of two chicken strains. A total of 150birds (75 of each strain) were randomly allotted into five dietary treatments at fifteen birds per treatment. Birds were fed diet containing varying levels of Ocimum gratissimum leaf meal. Treatment one (T1) had 0% OG, while treatment two (T2), treatment three (T3), treatment four (T4) and treatment five (T5) had 0.5% OG, 1.00% OG, 1.5% OG and 2% OG respectively. Feed and water was provided adlibitum throughout the feeding trial. Three birds were slaughtered from each treatment at day 28 and day 56, spleen samples were collected and stored using RNALater in a -20oc freezer prior to RNA extraction. Real-time qPCR was performed in 40cycles using the PowerUp SYBR Green reagent and analyzed with the 2-∆∆Ct method. Gene expression data were subjected to two-way analysis of variance. Strain effect was significantly different (P<0.05) at both time points. All the genes studied significantly differed (P<0.05) in their expression patterns at 28 and 56days of age. Increased inclusion rate of the test ingredients significantly (P<0.05) reduced IL1β and NF-KB1, while increasing IL10 and NF-KB2. Ocimim gratissimum leaf meal shows promise in the regulation of inflammation in chickens and can be used to efficiently replace antibiotics in broiler production.

Effect of scent leaf meal (Ocimum gratissimum) supplementation on performance, carcass and meat quality of broiler chicken

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Olumide ◽  
A. S. Akintola
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study was conducted to determine the effect of Ocimum gratissimum leaf meal supplementation on the performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chicken. One hundred and fifty day old Abhor Acre strains of broiler birds were assigned to five dietary treatments with thirty birds per treatment in a completely randomized design. Ocimum gratissimum leaf meal at 0g, 100g, 200g, 300g and 400g per 100kg of feed was added to the diets. The experiment lasted for seven weeks. Data on feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were collected. Two birds per replicate were randomly selected, weighed, slaughtered and properly dressed for carcass parameters such as live weight, plucked weight, dressing percentage, head, neck, wing weight, thigh weight, drumstick, organ weight and sensory evaluation was carried out. The result of the performance characteristics showed that there were significant differences (p

Comparative RNA-sequencing profiling reveals novel Delta-class glutathione S-transferases relative genes expression patterns in Tribolium castaneum

Gene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 593 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuhong Chen ◽  
Wenfeng Xiong ◽  
Chengjun Li ◽  
Shanshan Gao ◽  
Xiaowen Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Glutathione S Transferases

scholarly journals Expression patterns of major genes in fatty acid synthesis, inflammation, oxidative stress pathways from colostrum to milk in Damascus goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akın Yakan ◽  
Hüseyin Özkan ◽  
Baran Çamdeviren ◽  
Ufuk Kaya ◽  
İrem Karaaslan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Major Genes ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

AbstractThe molecular regulation of milk secretion and quality in the transition period from colostrum to milk in goats is largely unknown. In the present study, mammary gland secretion of goats was collected in 0th, 4th, 7th, 14th and 28th days after parturition. In addition to composition and fatty acid profile of colostrum or milk, FASN, SCD, ACACA, COX-2, NRF2, TLR2, NF-kB, LTF and PTX3 genes expression patterns were determined from milk somatic cells. While somatic cell count (SCC), malondialdehyde (MDA), fat, fat-free dry matter, protein and lactose were highest as expression levels of the oxidative and inflammatory genes, freezing point and electrical conductivity were lowest in colostrum. With the continuation of lactation, most of the fatty acids, n3 ratio, and odour index increased but C14:0 and C16:0 decreased. While FASN was upregulated almost threefolds in 14th day, ACACA was upregulated more than fivefolds in 7th and 14th days. Separately, the major genes in fatty acid synthesis, inflammation and oxidative stress were significantly associated with each other due to being positively correlated. MDA was positively correlated with SCC and some of the genes related inflammation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, significant negative correlations were determined between SCC and fatty acid synthesis related genes. With this study, transition period of mammary secretion was particularly clarified at the molecular levels in Damascus goats.

scholarly journals Three Years Follow-Up Study Showed Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure May Cause Chronic Abnormalities In Transcriptomic Pattern

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvin Haghighatfard ◽  
Soha Seifollahi ◽  
Pegah Rajabi ◽  
Niloofar Rahmani ◽  
Rojin Ghannadzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Profiling ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
Methamphetamine Use Disorder

Abstract Background: The high rate of methamphetamine use disorder among young adults and women of childbearing age makes it imperative to clarify the long-term effects of Methamphetamine exposure on the offspring. Behavioral and cognitive problems had been reported in children with parental Methamphetamine exposure (PME). The present study aimed to assess the acute and chronic effects of PME in molecular regulations and gene expression profiles of children during their first years of life.Methods: All subjects were recruited before birth, and sampling was conducted from the first ten days of birth, twelve months, twenty months, and thirty-six months of age. Finally, 2658 children with PME and 3573 normal children had been finished the follow-up. RNA extraction was operated from blood samples and gene expression profiling was conducted by using the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Genome U133 plus 2.0 Array Platform. Gene expression data were confirmed by Real-time PCR. Results: Gene expression profiling during thirty-six months showed several constant mRNA level alterations in children with PME compared with normal. These genes are involved in several gene ontologies and pathways involved with the immune system, neuronal functions, and bioenergetic metabolism. It seems that Methamphetamine use disorder before and during the pregnancy period may affect the expression profile of children, and these changes could remain years after birth. Affected genes have some similarities with the gene expression patterns of addiction, psychiatric disorders, neurodevelopmental disabilities, and immune deficiencies. Conclusion: Findings may shed light on the molecular effects of prenatal methamphetamine exposure and may lead to new psychological and somatic caring protocols for these children based on their potential abnormalities.

scholarly journals Alteration in genes expression patterns during in vitro differentiation of mouse spermatogonial cells into neuroepithelial-like cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Nazm Bojnordi ◽  
Mansoureh Movahedin ◽  
Taki Tiraihi ◽  
Mohamad Javan
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
In Vitro Differentiation ◽  
Genes Expression

Supplements containing Acacia karroo foliage reduce nematode burdens in Nguni and crossbred cattle

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 646 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Xhomfulana ◽  
C. Mapiye ◽  
M. Chimonyo ◽  
M. C. Marufu
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Acacia Karroo ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Nguni Cattle ◽  
Sunflower Cake ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
And Control

The objective of this study was to compare nematode worm burdens in Nguni and crossbred cattle supplemented with Acacia karroo leaf meal. Eighteen Nguni (274.4 ± 17.34 kg) and 12 crossbred (230.5 ± 14.62 kg) steers aged 19 months were allocated to three dietary treatments: A. karroo leaf meal, sunflower cake and control with no supplement. Steers in all the treatments grazed on natural pasture whereas those on A. karroo leaf meal and sunflower cake diets were given an additional 1.5 kg and 650 g of feed, respectively, to supply 150 g of protein per day for 60 days. Faecal samples collected from the steers’ recta every fortnight were examined for nematode egg types using the modified McMaster technique. At slaughter, the abomasa and intestines were collected, opened and washed for worm identification. Nguni steers supplemented with the A. karroo leaf meal diet had the lowest mean strongyles egg counts and mean total egg counts (P < 0.05). Steers that received the A. karroo leaf meal and sunflower cake diets had lower Haemonchus contortus and Oesophagostomum colombianum worm burdens than those that received the control diet (P < 0.05). Mean strongyles and Strongyloides egg counts, and H. contortus and Oes. colombianum worm counts were negatively correlated with average daily gain and body condition scores (P < 0.05). Generally, Nguni cattle supplemented with A. karroo leaf meal had the lowest egg loads and worm burdens. It was concluded that supplementing cattle with A. karroo could reduce nematode burdens.

scholarly journals Analysis of the stability of 70 housekeeping genes during iPS reprogramming

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Panina ◽  
Arno Germond ◽  
Tomonobu M. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Splice Variants ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Ips Cells ◽  
Correlative Analysis ◽  
Neural Stem Cell Line ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
The Stability

AbstractStudies on induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells highly rely on the investigation of their gene expression which requires normalization by housekeeping genes. Whether the housekeeping genes are stable during the iPS reprogramming, a transition of cell state known to be associated with profound changes, has been overlooked. In this study we analyzed the expression patterns of the most comprehensive list to date of housekeeping genes during iPS reprogramming of a mouse neural stem cell line N31. Our results show that housekeeping genes’ expression fluctuates significantly during the iPS reprogramming. Clustering analysis shows that ribosomal genes’ expression is rising, while the expression of cell-specific genes, such as vimentin (Vim) or elastin (Eln), is decreasing. To ensure the robustness of the obtained data, we performed a correlative analysis of the genes. Overall, all 70 genes analyzed changed the expression more than two-fold during the reprogramming. The scale of this analysis, that takes into account 70 previously known and newly suggested genes, allowed us to choose the most stable of all genes. We highlight the fact of fluctuation of housekeeping genes during iPS reprogramming, and propose that, to ensure robustness of qPCR experiments in iPS cells, housekeeping genes should be used together in combination, and with a prior testing in a specific line used in each study. We suggest that the longest splice variants of Rpl13a, Rplp1 and Rps18 can be used as a starting point for such initial testing as the most stable candidates.

scholarly journals Effect of replacing a commercial pelleted calf meal with lucerne leaf-meal on performance of neonatal and transitional Holstein heifer calves

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 834
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Marumo ◽  
Florence V. Nherera-Chokuda ◽  
Jones W. Ng'ambi ◽  
Mukengela C. Muya
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Large Ruminant ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

A study was conducted to (i) determine in vitro ruminal dry matter (DM) fermentation kinetics, effective rumen degradation of DM (EDDM), (ii) estimate energy fractions supply of lucerne leaf-meal (LLM) and composite diets of LLM with commercial pelleted calf meal and also (iii) determine the effects of substituting commercial pelleted calf meal with LLM on the intake, % ruminal nitrogen balance (RNB) and growth of the neonates (21–42 days old) and transition (43–56 days old) Holstein heifer calves. Forty-eight Holstein heifer calves were randomly assigned to three different dietary treatments in a complete randomised design of: (a) pelleted concentrate (PEL), (b) 65% pelleted concentrate: 35% LLM (P65 L35); (c) and 50% pelleted concentrate: 50% LLM (P50 L50). The study comprised of two experiments: neonatal (Experiment 1) and transition (Experiment 2) phases. Lucerne leaf-meal had gross energy of 16.2 MJ/kg and 25% crude protein DM. PEL diet was high in starch and bound protein compared with other diets. Inclusion of LLM in diets increased calcium levels but tended to decrease phosphorus levels. Calves were weaned at the age of 56 days. The feeds were incubated for 0, 4, 10, 18, 24 and 48 h using a DaisyII incubator. Rumen fluid was obtained from calves <50 days old. Large Ruminant Nutrition System was used to predict %RNB and energy density of the diets during neonatal and transition phases. Higher mean EDDM levels were found with LLM inclusions whereas fractions a, a + b and c did not vary. Neonates on diet C had higher (P < 0.05) daily DM and crude protein intakes, %RNB, total digestible nutrients, net energy at maintenance and net energy at gain during neonatal phase. Performance of calves was similar during the transition phase. LLM should be considered as a concentrate replacement in diets of neonates and calves.

Abolished Daily Expression Patterns of SIRT1, SIRT2, and SIRT5 in Human Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 4613-4613
Author(s):  
Ming-Yu Yang ◽  
Pai-Mei Lin ◽  
Jui-Feng Hsu ◽  
Wen-Chi Yang ◽  
Yi-Chang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Daily Pattern ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Circadian Clock Genes

Abstract Abstract 4613 Circadian rhythms regulate various functions of human body and disruption of circadian rhythm has been associated with cancer development and tumor progression. Circadian clock genes use transcriptional-translational feedback loops to control circadian rhythms. Many transcriptional regulators are histone acetyltransferases (HAT) or histone deacetylases (HDAC). As clock function and integration of inputs rely on transcriptional regulation, it is possible that chromatin is remodeled during circadian cycles and in response to signals that regulate the clock. SIRT1 (sirtuin 1) is a HDAC that has recently been identified as a crucial modulator of the circadian clock machinery. To date, at least 7 SIRT genes (SIRT1–7) have been identified. In our previous report we have demonstrated the daily expression patterns of PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1, CRY2, and CKIe in peripheral blood (PB) of healthy individuals were abolished in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients and partial recoveries of daily patterns were observed in CML patients with complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) and major molecular response (MMR) post-imatinib treatment [J Biol Rhythms 2011]. In this study we further investigated the expression profiles of the 7 SIRT genes (SIRT1–7) in PB total leukocytes from 49 CML and 22 healthy volunteers. Collection of PB was carried out at four time points: 2000 h, 0200 h, 0800 h, and 1400 h, respectively. In PB total leukocytes of healthy individuals, the daily pattern of SIRT1 (p < 0.01) and SIRT5 (p < 0.05) expression level peaked at 0200 h, and SIRT2 (p < 0.01) peaked at 0800 h. Daily pattern expression of these 3 genes was abolished in newly diagnosed pre-imatinib mesylate treated and blast crisis-phase CML patients. Partial daily patterns of gene expression recoveries were observed in CML patients with CCyR and MMR. In some serial monitored individual patients, the recoveries of oscillations of SIRT1, 2, and 5 genes expression accompanied with the disappearance of BCR-ABL transcripts were also noted. The expression of SIRT3, 6, and 7 did not show a time-dependent variation among the healthy and CML patients. SIRT4 expression was undetectable both in the healthy and CML patients. Updated in vitro study results of the regulation of SIRT1, 2, and 5 genes on circadian clock genes expression will be presented at the meeting. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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