scholarly journals Urbanized framework of the Volga-Ural macroregion: Assessment of the potential intensity of economic relations

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
Yuri V. Preobrazhenskiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Gravitational Interaction ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Central Cities ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Strength Of Ties ◽  
Framework Approach ◽  
Scientific Task ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Economic Ties

Identifying the spatial structures of economic activity within a supra-regional entity is an urgent scientific task. In this study, it is solved using a combination of a framework approach and a model analog of the gravitational interaction for the cities of the Volga-Ural macroregion. According to the cost of industrial production of cities with a population of more than 100 thousand inhabitants (i.e., the first and second cities of their regions) and the distance between them, an industrial-urbanized framework of the macroregion was built, demonstrating the potential of economic ties within it. The analysis of the strength of ties allowed us to identify the peripheral and central cities-industrial centers. Among the first ones there are the cities of Orenburg and Penza regions, among the second ones – Ufa, Samara and Tolyatti. In addition, the functions of the second cities of the regions were analyzed and the degree of industrial orientation of the first and second cities of the macroregion was revealed.

scholarly journals Relationship between Urban Economic Connections and Geoeconomic Relations in Northeast China

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Zhenghui Zhu ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Wanbo Liu ◽  
Dewei Qi
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Central Cities ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Urban Economic ◽  
Cooperative Community ◽  
Economic Ties

Using Northeast China as the research area and three time nodes (2007, 2012, and 2017), the gravitational model and Euclidean distance method were used to measure the spatial economic connections and geoeconomic relations between four regional central cities and other small- and medium-sized cities. The complexity of urban economic relations was systematically analyzed based on matching urban economic connections and geoeconomic relations. This paper provides suggestions on how to strengthen and build a benign and sustainable urban economic relations system in Northeast China. The results of the study show that, from 2007 to 2017, the economic links between the four central cities and other cities continued to strengthen. Shenyang had the highest total of economic links, and Changchun, the fastest growth rate. From 2007 to 2017, the geoeconomic relations between the four central and other cities generally improved, shifting from competitiveness to complementarity. Competition intensified for Shenyang and Dalian with cities in Liaoning province, and their complementarity strengthened with cities outside the province. The relationship between the four central cities with other cities is to strengthen cooperation and complementarity. Therefore, the cities in Northeast China need to strengthen economic ties and the complementarity of geoeconomic relations and optimize the matching relationship. They should focus on the role of regional central cities in promoting the economic integration of the entire Northeast China and jointly promote the orderly urban niche system and full coordination. The formation and stability of the developing regional cooperative community are discussed.

scholarly journals Strenthening Opportunities of Economic Relations between Lithuania and Sweden within the Perspective of IT Startup Company’s Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
Živilė Tunčikienė ◽  
Gabrielė Sinkevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Startup Company ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Economic Ties

Cooperation with Sweden – one of the key priorities of Lithuania. Economic cooperation potential is promising. One of the priority areas of economic activity, in which Sweden invests in Lithuania, is information and communication. In order to develop and utilize the potential for economic cooperation in the IT field, it is relevant to structuralize IT startup business success factors and to jointly develop base for decisions, execution of which would help ensure effective, economic co-operation development based with Sweden, beginning of IT startup business and such business’s continuity. To achieve the objective, following tasks were resolved: concepts of startup business and the startup company were purified, specifics inconcept’s application in the context of the parties were defined; systematized the startup business success factors and ways of strengthening them, focusing on the factors relevant for strengthening economic ties between Lithuania and Sweden within the perspective of IT startup company’s development. Systematic method of research was applied.

scholarly journals ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS ON THE BASIS OF INCREASING THE PROFITABILITY OF ENTERPRISES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF "NESTLE UKRAINE")

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesia Gnylianska ◽  
◽  
Lesia Say ◽  
Liliana Lenjo ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Competitive Products

This article is devoted to aspects of development of international economic relations on the basis of profitability of the enterprise, on the example of Ltd «Nestle S.A». As an active and universal tool for state regulation of economic and social processes in the state, profit concentrates the interests of entrepreneurial structures, individual participants in economic activity, various parts of the economy. The profitability of enterprises is due to the development of the market economy, since the efficiency of financial and economic activity of enterprises has a positive impact on the economic potential of the country. Each company improves its financial position by trying to get the highest return. Consequently, obtaining positive results and income can correspond to a complex financial situation, which can lead to a decrease in the most important financial indicator of the enterprise - the amount of income, which will lead to insolvency and bankruptcy of the enterprise. The article focuses on the areas of profitability in the conditions of work at the enterprise on the basis of acquired theoretical skills in different situations and analysis of the main ways of increasing the profitability of the enterprise, as well as developing practical recommendations for improving the formation, planning and distribution of profits on the example of Ltd «Nestle S.A». This circumstance causes the relevance and scientific problems of the study. The article systematized a set of factors influencing the profitability of the enterprise to achieve an economic result. The analysis of features and methods of evaluation of profitability of the analyzed enterprise is carried out. Trends in the development of its production and economic activity and trends in the development of international economic relations are studied. Applied recommendations for improving the development of international economic relations on the basis of increasing profitability have been developed. Offered to this enterprise Ltd «Nestle S.A» implementation of measures to improve the quality and safety of production, sales and management processes, namely: improving the quality of manufactured and sold goods and the efficiency of the technologies used, improving the skills of employees involved in the production process and their motivation, reducing the cost of production by purchasing raw materials from domestic manufacturers and producing competitive products, will be able to increase the volume of production and sales of products, improving commodity specialization, and this, in turn, will lead to an increase in the amount of profit received.

PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION OF A MECHANISM FOR STATE REGULATION OF SOCIAL GUARANTEES IN THE REGION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaly Lobas ◽  
◽  
Elena Petryaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Periodic Review ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
State Management ◽  
The Cost

The article deals with modern mechanisms for managing social protection of the population by the state and the private sector. From the point of view of forms of state regulation of the sphere of social protection, system indicators usually include the state and dynamics of growth in the standard of living of the population, material goods, services and social guarantees for the poorly provided segments of the population. The main indicator among the above is the state of the consumer market, as one of the main factors in the development of the state. Priority areas of public administration with the use of various forms of social security have been identified. It should be emphasized that, despite the legislative conflicts that exist today in Ukraine, mandatory indexation of the cost of living is established, which is associated with inflation. Various scientists note that although the definition of the cost of living index has a well-established methodology, there are quite a lot of regional features in the structure of consumption. All this is due to restrictions that are included in the consumer basket of goods and different levels of socio-economic development of regions. The analysis of the establishment and periodic review of the minimum consumer budgets of the subsistence minimum and wages of the working population and the need to form state insurance funds for unforeseen circumstances is carried out. Considering in this context the levers of state management of social guarantees of the population, we drew attention to the crisis periods that are associated with the market transformation of the regional economy. In these conditions, there is a need to develop and implement new mechanisms and clusters in the system of socio-economic relations. The components of the mechanisms ofstate regulation ofsocial guarantees of the population are proposed. The deepening of market relations in the process of reforming the system of social protection of the population should be aimed at social well-being.

TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC RELATIONS OF ISRAEL IN THE MIDDLE EAST

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Evgenii V. Palamarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Major Trading Partner ◽  
Economic Interaction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
Israeli Economy

The lack of Russian-language research on the features of the economic development of Israel as an OECD member state underlines the urgent need to identify new trends in the Israeli economy. Not taking into account the existing variety of humanitarian studies, and especially the concentration of studies on the political history of Israel and its modern component, we can recognize a clear lack of work that would cover Israeli economy. Current trends in Israeli trade relations, which have begun to make the mselves clear, require both consideration of effective trade and economic interaction between Israel and Palestine, and identification of the peculiarities of hidden regional trade and economic ties. Israel and Palestine are in close cooperation on the exchange of labor and goods, despite the lack of a political settlement. For Palestine, Israel is a major trading partner, and Palestine plays a key security role for Israel. The second important aspect in covering new trends in the Israeli economy may be the need to study the nascent format of cooperation between Israel and the Middle East. The article explores the specifics of economic relations between Israel and the countries of the Middle East, reveals the growing role of economic relations between Israel and the countries of the region.

RESEARCH OF FEATURES OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC TRADE OF REGIONAL ECONOMY SERVICES

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Andrii ZAVHORODNII
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
General Situation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Reduction Peak ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Export Dynamics

Abstract Introduction. Nowadays the foreign economic activity of the regions serves as a factor contributing to improving the population well-being, improving its life quality, as well as territory socio-economic development and increasing its competitiveness. The purpose of the article is to analyze the foreign trade in services at the regional level and to identify its features. Results. The comparative analysis of the services export dynamics was conducted in the studied regions for the period from 1996 to 2018: the periods of growth, reduction, peak values were identified, the leader – Odessa region was determined. At the same time, it is emphasized that due to the decrease in the indicator in Odessa region and the growth in the Mykolaiv region, the gap between them narrowed significantly for the period from 2012. The dynamics of the services import volume in the economy of the studied regions has been analyzed. Determination of the leader – Odessa region was done, the trends of dynamics for the studied period are considered. The dynamics calculation of the foreign trade balance in services in the Mykolayiv region is given. The calculation of the chain gains index of the services foreign trade balance in the Mykolaiv region is given, which indicates a considerable amplitude of fluctuations and reduction from 2014 to 2016. Results. The foreign trade balance in services in the studied areas was calculated and analyzed: the Odessa region was the leader before 2010. After in accordance with the services export dynamics in Odessa and Mykolaiv regions, their convergence to the actual equalization in 2018 is observed. The positive value of the balance in all the regions for the whole study period is noteworthy. The analysis makes it possible to confirm the significant dependence of the foreign regions economic activity of the Black Sea region on the general situation in the country with divergent tendencies of indicators changes, which allows to define it as heterogeneous. Keywords: foreign economic activity of the region, export, import, dynamics, regional foreign economic relations, foreign economic relations of the region.

KAZAKHSTAN’S POSITION IN THE ECONOMIC COOPERATION WITH OTHER COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL ASIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-121
Author(s):  
Karlygash MUKHTAROVA ◽  
Yermukhambet KONUSPAYEV ◽  
Klara MAKASHEVA ◽  
Karim SHAKIROV
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
Economic Ties

Improving the forms and mechanisms of regional economic integration, deepening the mutual understanding on the formation of an economically and politically secure integrated space, expanding trade and economic relations, elaborating joint actions to maintain regional peace and stability, creating a single information space are among the key areas that have become the basis of cooperation among the Central Asian region (CAR) states. The authors reveal the positive aspects of cooperation among the CAR countries—Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan. First and foremost, these include common historical roots, linguistic and cultural similarity, convenient geographical location and established economic ties, which allow the states of Central Asia (CA) to establish a deeper and more active understanding of each other, to solve economic and political problems related to finding and realizing domestic investment potential and expanding regional trade and economic ties. The joint establishment of international transport corridors and infrastructure will help reduce the transport costs for Central Asian countries that supply export products to external markets, which is an important area of ​​cooperation in Central Asia. In addition, the economic problems that exist among the regional countries largely determine the nature of relations between them. Future solution of problems determines the subsequent viability of the Central Asian Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) and the regional development prospects. Based on the use of economic research tools, the authors examine the problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the state of trade and economic relations between the regional states. Post-crisis plans for economic recovery in the Central Asian countries will be developed and implemented in the context of the need to solve the present-day problems associated with the gradual lifting of quarantine measures. In this regard, the quickest possible transition of economies to an upward growth trajectory should launch the expansion of trade and economic cooperation and ties among the Central Asian countries. The authors emphasize the fact that another important problem within CAREC is the fact that CAR economies are dominated by raw materials, which does not solve the problems of reducing social inequality and improving the welfare of the regional population. For this reason, Kazakhstan, like other Central Asian countries, is currently in search of a new economic model. The transformation is crucial because the country needs to overcome its excessive long-term dependence on the export of oil and raw materials. The new economic model should be focused on further industrialization and diversification of the economy, on the search for new innovative approaches and development strategies.

Current Trends in the International Economic Activity of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Ljudmila Romaniuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Relations

International economic activity occupies a special place in a complex system of the global economic relations. It reflects the mutual economic dependence of trade and economic activities of different countries of the world. The significance of the development of international economic performance of each country is growing. The purpose of the article is to determine the current state and trends of international economic performance of Ukraine, taking into account changes in the external environment. SWOT-analysis was introduced to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats and ways to overcome weaknesses, solve problems in international economic activity, use strengths and opportunities. International economic activity is a powerful factor in the development of the country's economy and has a significant potential in regard of natural, economic and human resources, but the study has also revealed problems and negative trends. To identify trends in the effectiveness of the country's international economic activity, export-import performance indicators for 2019, 2020 and similar indicators for 2013 were analyzed. In 2020 a decline in exports in the machine-building industry is observed. Furthermore, the exports are dominated by the raw material component. The growth rate of exported goods refers to industries with a small share of value added. At the same time, imports are dominated by high-tech products, indicating a lack of strategy of technical and technological development, which leads to the deindustrialization of the country, which is a significant threat to the economy of Ukraine as a whole and its international economic activity. In the context of economic globalization, the importance of international economic relations is growing. To increase the efficiency of international economic performance it is crucial to address a number of domestic issues: stabilization of political situation, termination of military actions in the east of the country, overcoming corruption, ensuring technical and technological development, implementation of innovations at enterprises, development and implementation of multi-vector strategy, implementation of the strategy of public diplomacy in order to build a positive image of Ukraine. Further research will focus on assessing the effectiveness of international economic activity, identifying threats to national competitiveness and elaborating recommendations for overcoming them.

The Prosecutor in Arbitration: A Historical Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Kolesnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Society Business ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Degree Of Participation

The subject of the study is a retrospective of the legal norms formation. Under these norms the prosecutor will be able to govern the issues of ensuring the legitimate interests of the state, society, business entities and the rights of citizens in resolving disputes in the field of economic activity. Chronological framework of research includes the period from the establishment of prosecutor's office in 1722 up to the collapse of USSR in 1991. The relevant legislation is analyzed. The author examines the scope of prosecutor powers in this sphere at different stages of formation and development of prosecution, and reveals the problems of determining the prosecutor's office place in the system of existing at that time bodies of state power. It is concluded that the prosecution authorities, since their creation in Russia and up to the present stage of development, taking a greater or lesser degree of participation in the resolution of disputes in the sphere of economic activity, played a significant role in the protection of exclusively state interests. The interests of society, business entities and citizens in the sphere of economic activity if there is a dispute were considered only through the prism of such interests. The hierarchy of interests of participants of economic activity in dispute resolution was unbalanced and built without taking into account the interests of all participants of economic relations.

ECONOMIC AND LEGAL STATUS OF THE CONSULTING ENGINEER IN UKRAINE: REGULATORY PROBLEMS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Brovdii ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Employment Contracts ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

Some aspects of the economic and legal status of a consulting engineer are analyzed, taking into account the specifics of national legislation. Some problems of the legal status of the consulting engineer and the forms of his economic activity are revealed. The introduction of such an entity as a consulting engineer in the modern conditions of construction development is of particular importance due to the need to improve the quality of construction work, the development of competition in this area and the need to change approaches to economic activity in this area. It is established that the concept of consulting engineer is defined in some special regulations, in particular, regulating activities in the field of road construction, but the economic and legal aspects of his business remain unresolved. This significantly affects the effectiveness of the introduction of the institute of consulting engineers in the field of management. The problem of lack of clear definition of the form of conducting economic activity by the specified participant of economic relations is revealed. The necessity of adopting a special normative legal act, namely the Law of Ukraine "On the activities of consulting engineers", in which to regulate general issues of their legal status, features of the organization of its activities, responsibilities, etc is proved. The author's definition of the concept of consulting engineer is proposed, taking into account the need to establish the organizational and legal form of his business, which will ensure proper regulation of relations between him and other participants in construction relations, including contractors and customers. The solution of some problems of the economic and legal status of the consulting engineer under the legislation of Ukraine is offered. The expediency of conducting the activity of a consulting engineer as a self-employed person, or carrying out its activity by creating a legal entity (association of consulting engineers) is substantiated. In addition, in our opinion, an entity that carries out engineering activities and has concluded employment contracts with duly accredited consulting engineers has the right to provide the services of a consulting engineer.

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