scholarly journals Load and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Microorganisms in Muscle Foods Sold in Akure, Southwest Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Bodunde ◽  
C.O. Ogidi ◽  
B.J. Akinyele
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Muscle Foods ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Background: Muscle foods, notably red meat, poultry meat, and fish are the first choice of animal source food with adequate protein for human. The present study was undertaken to analyze the load and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of microorganisms in muscle foods sold in Akure, Southwest Nigeria. Methods: Hundred muscle food samples, including meat and fish were collected from different locations (A-E) of Akure, Nigeria and examined microbiologically using cultural techniques, biochemical tests, and analytical profile index. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns were also determined in isolated microorganisms from muscle foods against different antibiotics. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 17.0. Results: The highest (p<0.05) total viable bacterial count (8.3×106 CFU/g) were obtained from pork, including with 6.0×105 CFU/g for Staphylococcus and 5.8×105 CFU/g for Salmonella-Shigella. Mackerel collected from location D (Kings market) had the highest (p<0.05) bacterial count of 9.97×105 CFU/g, followed by 8.57×105 CFU/g, and 7.03×105 CFU/g in locations C and E, respectively. Low fungal counts were recorded ranged from 1.0×102 to 1.30×102 spore forming unit/g. The highest (p<0.05) occurrence of 26.50% was observed for Escherichia coli. The isolated microorganisms displayed varying degree of resistance (33.3 to 100%) to commonly used antibiotics. Conclusion: The microorganisms found in muscle foods from Akure, Nigeria could be considered as result of poor hygiene of the retailers or handlers. Also, presence of the multidrug resistant bacteria in muscle foods distributed in this region could pose a serious risk factor to public health. 

scholarly journals Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from some drinking wells in Ondo town southwest Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
O. Aromolaran ◽  
O.A. Amodu
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) strains have become a global health threat. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from wells in Ondo town, Southwest Nigeria. Twenty-eight well water samples were analyzed for the presence of K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa by standard pour plate technique. The bacterial isolates were tested against eight commonly use antibiotics using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. The percentage occurrence of K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa in the well water samples were 17.86% and 21.43%, respectively. Two multi-drug resistant strains of K. pneumoniae were isolated, which were resistant to at least three classes of antibiotics. Fifty percent of the P. aeruginosa isolates were resistant to caftazidime, cefuroxime, nitrofurantoin, and ampicillin. None of the isolates was fully susceptible to cefuroxime, but have all showed resistance to β-lactam (ceftazidime, cefuroxime augmentin, and ampicillin) antibiotics. Cefuroxime may not be effective an effective drug in the treatment of K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa implicated infections in these communities in Ondo. Also, the over-use of antibiotics should be discouraged in order to curtail the menace of antibiotic resistance Keywords: Well water, Antibiotics, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Antibiotic susceptibility pattern against pathogenic bacteria causing Dental Caries

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Deepak Dwivedi ◽  
Tejram Kushwah ◽  
Mukesh Kushwah ◽  
Vinod Singh
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Penicillin V ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Antibiotics to treat dental caries infection are routinely prescribed which led to the increased resistance against bacteria. The purpose of this investigation was to perform antibiotic susceptibility tests on a panel of pathogenic bacteria isolated from dental caries infection. Bacteria were isolated from caries site of patients and identified at the species level. Each of 150 species of bacteria was tested for antibiotics susceptibility to a five antibiotics using Etest. The antibiotics used were Amoxicillin, Cloxocillin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline and Penicillin‐V. The obtained resistance percentage for each antibiotic were Penicillin V: 72/150 (48%), Tetracycline: 99/150 (66%), Amoxicillin: 135/150 (90%), Cloxocillin: 117/150 (78%), and Erythromycin: 90/150 (60%) (Table 1). In case of combinatorial antibiotic exposure, the resistance percentage of Penicillin V/Amoxicillin and Amoxicillin/ Erythromycin was 39/150 (26%), and 45/150 (30%) respectively. The study has well demonstrated the clinical picture of antibiotic resistance and susceptibility pattern of bacteria causing dental caries. The obtained comprehensive data will allow investigating the spatial distribution of pathogenic, antibiotic resistant bacteria among dental caries patients which further may help into development of novel diagnostic and treatment approaches for the same.

scholarly journals Pathogenic and Drug Resistant Bacteria in Raw Milk of Jessore City: A Potential Food Safety Threat

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
UT Tasnim ◽  
MT Islam
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Milk is such a food which can meet almost all nutritional needs of human lives. Raw or unprocessed milk supports the growth of wide variety of microorganisms. The major interests of this study were examining the microbial quality of raw milk collected from different locations of Jessore city in Bangladesh and determining antibiotic susceptibility pattern of some isolated bacteria. To do so, 12 raw milk samples were collected from different areas of Jessore city. Microbial analysis comprised of enumeration of TVC (total viable count), TCC (total coliform count) and TSC (total staphylococcal count). The highest TVC, TCC and TSC were 1.95x109 CFU/ml, 2.5x107 CFU/ml and 1.02x107 CFU/ml respectively. Prevalent bacterial populations were Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Shigella spp. Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Citrobacter spp. In order to observe the antibiotic susceptibility pattern, the antibiotic sensitivity test was performed for some randomly selected isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. More than 90% isolates of Klebsiella spp. were found to be resistant against Erythromycin whereas more than 90% isolates were sensitive against Imipenem. On the other hand, 100% E. coli isolates were observed as resistant against Erythromycin and in case of Trimethopreme 100% isolates were sensitive. Multidrug resistance pattern was also found. These results suggest the necessity of hygienic practices during handling, processing and post-processing of raw milk to improve the microbiological quality and safety of raw milk.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23723Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 71-78

scholarly journals Beta-Lactamases Production in Multi-drug Resistant Acinetobacter species Isolated from Different Clinical Specimens

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Mary Neupane ◽  
Sudeep K.C. ◽  
Subash Kumar Thakur ◽  
Om Prakash Panta ◽  
Dev Raj Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Acinetobacter Calcoaceticus ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Acinetobacter spp. from different clinical specimens and detect different types of β-lactamase enzymes. Methods: Different clinical samples were collected and 125 Acinetobacter spp. were isolated.  Various biochemical tests were carried out to speciate the Acinetobacter spp. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern and β-lactamase enzymes like Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), Metallo β-lactamase (MBL) and AmpC β-lactamase were determined. Results: Of the total 125 isolates, the most predominant species was Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-A. baumannii (Acb) complex (80%). Highest rate of isolation of Acinetobacter species were from in-patients (neonates’ blood sample).  Among all, 44.8% isolates were found to be MDR with the majority being resistant to aminoglycosides, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones but not to colistin. ESBL, MBL and AmpC beta-lactamase was detected in 43.2%, 15.2% and 1.6% of the isolates respectively. Conclusion: Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-A. baumannii complex should be considered for detection in hospitalized patients. The analysis of antibiotic susceptibility pattern and β-lactamases would be helpful to establish network surveillance in order to maintain and control the spread of these resistant strains.

scholarly journals Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of organisms causing surgical site infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1405
Author(s):  
Saranya K. Lakshmi ◽  
Hema Narasimhe Gowda ◽  
Anuradha K.
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Hygienic Measures ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
The Cost

Background: Approximately 30-50% of antibiotic use in hospitals is now for pre-surgical prophylaxis. Selection of antibiotics for prophylaxis should be based on its activity against expected bacteria at the desired surgical site. Appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis can reduce the risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality. Abuse of antimicrobials increases the cost of treatment and supports the emergence of resistant bacteria. This study was undertaken with the primary objective of to test the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of organisms causing SSIs.Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in general surgical wards of KR hospital, Mysore for a period of 18 months (2015-2016). The relevant data was collected from the case sheets of patients who were diagnosed with SSI. Pus samples were collected, and culture-sensitivity was done. Collected data were analysed using appropriate statistical tests.Results: A total of 263 study subjects including both males and females were enrolled in the study. Out of 263 pus samples 92% were culture positive. The most common organisms causing SSI were E. Coli-ESBL (n=73) and MRSA (n=44). Gram-negative organisms were highly resistant to β-lactam antibiotics and Gram-positive organisms were resistant to cotrimoxazole, erythromycin, clindamycin, cefoxitin and ciprofloxacin.Conclusions: Good hygienic measures should be followed by the patients and health-workers. A revision of hospital antibiotic policy according to the local antibiotic susceptibility pattern is recommended.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Infected Lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (41) ◽  
pp. 446-451
Author(s):  
Jatan Bahadur Sherchan ◽  
Pranita Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background: Wound infection with multidrug resistant bacteria along with risk factors is a major burden and challenge to the health care persons. This study focuses on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates and risk factors of patients with infected wounds.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between November 2017 to June 2018 in Kathmandu University Hospital. Pus sample and wound swabs collected from patients during the study period were included. All microbiological processing were done following standard guidelines and patient’s information was collected following ethical guidelines.Results: Total number of patients observed for wound infection was 2,763. Pathogenic bacteria were detected in 252(9.12%) samples. 167(66.27%) were multidrug resistant. 118(46.82%) had risk factors. Among risk factors 14 had malignancy, 12 had diabetes, 32 were above age 60 without other risk factors, 45 received prior antibiotics and had critical illness and 15 were renal failure patients. Multidrug resistant bacteria was detected more among patients with risk factors 101(85.59%) in comparison to patients without risk factor 66(49.25%). When p value was calculated it was found significant. (p=<0.05).Conclusions: Significant amount of multidrug resistant bacteria were found in wounds of patients with risk factors. Prevention of wound infection by taking care of postoperative wounds, controlling and treating the risk factors, avoiding misuse of antibiotics and early microbiological analysis of infected wound might help to reduce the burden in healthcare centers.Keywords: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase; methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus; multidrug resistant.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Anti-microbial Susceptibility Pattern of Extended Spectrum Beta‑Lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Waste Water Released from Governmental Hospital of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alehegn Amare Kebede
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Hospital Wastewaters

Abstract Background Worldwide, come out and dissemination of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) producing Enterobacteriaceae has been warning the efficacy of antibiotics to treat an infection. Hospital wastewaters were a reservoir of such kind of resistant bacteria. Currently, the predominant antibiotics used for the treatment of hospitalized patients infected by Gram negative bacteria are the 𝛽-lactam antibiotics. So it is an important source to investigate the magnitude of ESBLs producing bacteria and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLs-pE) and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in wastewater released from five governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out from April 1 to May 31, 2020. A total of 100 wastewaters were collected from five governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa using a grap-sampling technique. All Enterobacteriaceae were screened for ESBLs production using cefotaxime and ceftazidime as per 29th CLSI guideline. Each screen positive for ESBLs production was confirmed by the combination disk method (CDT) and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern were done using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method on Muller Hinton agar (MHA). Data were entered and summarized using SPSS version 20 software. Results Of all Enterobacteriaceae, 48.3% were confirmed ESBLs-pE. The highest ratio of ESBLs-PE was observed in adult ward (66.7%) and laundry unit effluent (58.8%). The highest ESBL producers were E. coli (21.8%) and K. pneumoniae (4.8%). The most elevated resistance level of ESBL producer were observed to cefotaxime (95.8%) and amoxacilline/clavunalate (93%). 64% of tested Enterobacteriaceae isolates were multi drug resistant (MDR). Conclusion Higher magnitude of MDR and ESBLs-pE were present in the hospital wastewater. Majority of them were in adult ward and laundry unit effluents. The most frequent ESBLs-pE was among E .coli and K. pneumoniae. Hence, Consistent infection prevention and control procedures should be in practice at each ward/unit.

Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli in cattle on Bathan and intensive rearing system

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukta Das Gupta ◽  
Mazharul Islam ◽  
Arup Sen ◽  
Md Samun Sarker ◽  
Ashutosh Das
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Macconkey Agar ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intensive Farming

The aim of this longitudinal study was to verify the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in cattle reared on Bathan and intensive farming system in Bangladesh. Fecal materials originated from recto anal junction (RAJ) of 100 cattle used for primary screening on MacConkey agar. The diversities among the pink color colony producing isolates on MacConkey agar were verified by conventional cultural methods and biochemical tests. Phenotypically positive E. coli isolates were further investigated for the variations in the antimicrobial resistance profiles to 10 selected antibiotics, by the disk-diffusion method. This study revealed that the overall prevalence of E. coli was 70% of in the rectal swab sample of cattle. However, the prevalence of E. coli was found significantly higher (p= 0.002) in cattle under intensive farming (84%) than cattle on Bathan (56%). Antibiotic susceptibility pattern shows that among the tested isolates 83%, 73%, 68% and 64% were sensitive to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and ampicillin, respectively. On the other hand, all the 70 (100%) E. coli isolates were found resistant to tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole. A high antibiotic resistance profile was also found against amoxicillin (90%), ampicillin (87%), nalidixic acid (86%) and erythromycin (83%). In total, 24 (34%) isolates were resistant against ?2 antimicrobials. The result clearly shows that antibiotic resistant E. coli isolates are commonly present in cattle of different management systems (intensive and Bathan). Therefore, careful selection of appropriate antibiotics with optimal doses might be ensured to prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistance bacteria.Microbes and Health, June 2017, 6(1): 1-4

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