Exposure to acetaldehyde through food; a carcinogenic agent

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Sadighara ◽  
Afsaneh Mohajer ◽  
Ebrahim Molaee-Aghaee ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zirak
Keyword(s):  
Carcinogenic Agent

The article's abstract is not available.

scholarly journals Risk of Cancer Following the Use of N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) Contaminated Ranitidine Products: A Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Hong Jin Yoon ◽  
Jie-Hyun Kim ◽  
Gi Hyeon Seo ◽  
Hyojin Park
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Cancer Outcomes ◽  
H2 Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), a known carcinogenic agent, was recently detected in some products of ranitidine. Several studies have investigated the detectability of NDMA, in drugs and their risks. However, only a few epidemiological studies have evaluated cancer risk from the use of such individual drugs. This study investigates the risk of cancer in ranitidine users. We conducted an observational population-based cohort study using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment databases, which contain information about the use of medicines in South Korea. The primary study cohort consisted of ranitidine users (n = 88,416). For controls, we enrolled users of famotidine, another H2-receptor antagonist in which no NDMA has been detected. A 4:1 matched cohort was constructed to compare cancer outcomes of the two groups. Our matched cohort comprised of 40,488 ranitidine users and 10,122 famotidine users. There was no statistical difference in the overall cancer risk between the ranitidine and famotidine groups (7.45% vs. 7.56%, HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.91–1.07, p = 0.716). Additionally, no significant differences were observed in the analysis of 11 single cancer outcomes. We found no evidence that exposure to NDMA through ranitidine increases the risk of cancer.

DNA Liquid-Crystalline Gel as Adsorbent of Carcinogenic Agent

Langmuir ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 1303-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Dobashi ◽  
Kazuya Furusawa ◽  
Erika Kita ◽  
Yoshiyuki Minamisawa ◽  
Takao Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Gel

scholarly journals The making of oncology: The tales of false carcinogenic worms

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-52
Author(s):  
K. Lalchhandama
Keyword(s):  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Clonorchis Sinensis ◽  
Opisthorchis Viverrini ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
History Of ◽  
Parasitic Worms

Cancer is a disease of antiquity. The Ancient Greeks were familiar with onkos (from which we have the term oncology)—tumour of all sorts. Hippocrates coined karkinos and karkinoma, our source of the words cancer and carcinoma. Of a plethora of carcinogens, parasitic worms (helminths) constitute a considerable health concern. Three trematodes, Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis viverrini, and Schistosoma haematobium are now officially classified carcinogens. But the discovery of helminths as cancer-causing agents took wrong turns and marks an inglorious chapter in the history of science. The carcinogenicity of worms, vindicating Rudolf Virchow’s reiztheorie (irritation theory) of cancer origin, was glorified in the scientific forefront by Johannes Fibiger in the 1910s. Discovery of a new nematode, which he proudly named Spiroptera carcinoma, and his subsequent demonstration that the parasite could induce stomach cancer in rats, earned Fibiger a retrospective Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1926, and a lasting fame. But not in an appealing way. His achievement did not withstand the test of time. S. carcinoma was annulled as an invalid taxon in zoology—supplanted by Gongylonema neoplasticum—and eventually was branded as a non-carcinogenic agent.

scholarly journals The Utility of Lanolin as a Protective Measure Against Mineral-Oil and Tar Dermatitis and Cancer

1935 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Twort ◽  
J. M. Twort
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Prophylactic Agent ◽  
Mineral Oils

1. A mixture of anhydrous lanolin with about equal parts of olive oil was the most efficacious ointment tested for protecting our animals from mineral-oil dermatitis and cancer.2. Some commercial products consisting of mixtures of the alcohols and esters contained in lanolin were, on the whole, less efficacious: possibly the apparent benefit was mostly due to the olive oil with which they were diluted.3. Olive oil, glycerine, commercial soaps, etc., gave varying degrees of protection, the last being particularly useful under some circumstances.4. In experiments with gas tars, lanolin does not appear to afford protection when relatively small quantities of it are mixed with the tar or when relatively large doses of tar are applied to the animal, before or after lanolin treatment.5. Where the experimental conditions appear to conform more to those prevailing among most tar workers, lanolin has a definite protective action.6. Separate application of the carcinogenic agent and the prophylactic agent as a rule results in a lower yield of tumours than applications of an admixture of the two. In this respect it is to be noted that, where the animals were treated with lanolin separately, the quantity applied was several times greater than that of the tar itself (similarly in mineral oil experiments). This, of course, was not the case in our experiments with the lanolin blends.7. Relatively more lanolin is required to protect against gas-tar dermatitis and cancer than is required to protect against toxic oils or synthetic tars. This is probably due to the presence in gas tars of special inhibitory substances. Note the analogy in the action of small quantities of acid on mineral oils, the potency being raised, whereas larger quantities may lower it.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the toxic potential of arecoline toward the third instar larvae of transgenic Drosophila melanogaster (hsp70-lacZ) Bg9

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barkha Shakya ◽  
Yasir Hasan Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Areca Nut ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
The Third ◽  
Toxic Potential ◽  
Transgenic Drosophila ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

Arecoline is the key component of areca nut and has been suggested as a carcinogenic agent.

scholarly journals Factors affecting acrylamide mitigation in fried potatoes

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 548-554
Author(s):  
Hoan Thi Pham ◽  
Hao Minh Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Frying Time ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Acrylamide Formation ◽  
Maximum Absorbance ◽  
Fried Potatoes

Introduction: Recent findings of acrylamide, a carcinogenic agent to humans, in foods have led to great efforts to elucidate the mechanisms of acrylamide formation and its mitigation. The acrylamide was generated during the browning process by the Maillard reaction of amino acid asparagine and reducing sugars at temperatures above 120 °C. Asparagine was determined to be a precursor of acrylamide formation. Therefore, asparagine reduction in raw materials can be taken into account to limit the acrylamide level in prepared foods. L-asparaginase has been used to consume acrylamide precursor by catalyzing the conversion of asparagine into aspartic acid and ammonia. Several factors including enzyme concentration, pH, temperature and frying time can influence the efficiency of acrylamide mitigation by enzyme. In the present work, we selected potatoes as raw materials to investigate the effects of factors on the acrylamide mitigation in fried potatoes. Methods: By pre-treating potato strips in different conditions of enzyme concentrations, pH, temperature and frying time, the effects of these parameters on acrylamide levels in fried products were evaluated by measuring UV-Vis spectra of sample solutions containing acrylamide. The maximum absorbance values at 224 nm were used to determine the acrylamide concentrations by calculation from a calibration curve. Experimental data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Colorspace measurements were performed to describe the differences in colors of the fried products after various frying times. Results: A calibration curve was established to determine the acrylamide content of sample solutions via their maximum absorbance values. Pre-treatment of potato strips with a solution of 1.0 IU/mL asparaginase at 37 °C, pH 7.3, for 30 min led to a 45.6% reduction of acrylamide in French fries compared to a solution without enzyme. The optimum pH value for the most efficient enzyme activity was 7.3. Frying time ranging from 1.0 to 6.0 min increased acrylamide content and induced a darker appearance product. Conclusions: By using UV-Vis measurements, we demonstrated the effects of factors on L-asparaginase based acrylamide mitigation in fried potatoes. The conditions which gave the lowest acrylamide concentrations were assessed. The results could be applicable for commercial processes to minimize acrylamide content in prepared potatoes.

scholarly journals Environmental Nanoparticles Are Significantly over-Expressed in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: a Novel Pathogenetic Cofactor?

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 4965-4965
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Visani ◽  
Anita Manti ◽  
Laura Valentini ◽  
Barbara Canonico ◽  
Federica Loscocco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Background: Continuing growth in the incidence of leukemia suggests a possible environmental etiology correlated to the increase of environmental pollution. Recently, environmental particulate pollution (EPP) has been declared by IARC a Class I carcinogenic agent; it looks reasonable to presume that not only chemicals like benzene and its derivatives, but also other components like EPP could be worth of study. No specific researches have up to now focused the role of EPP on acute myeloid leukemia; we thus have identified a suitable instrumentation and protocol to show the presence and composition of particulate matter in blood samples of patients affected by acute myeloid leukemia patients and in healthy controls. Methods: 38 peripheral blood samples (19 acute myeloid leukemia, 19 healthy controls) were analyzed by means of an Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) coupled with an Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) a sensor capable of identifying the composition of micro- and nano-particles of exogenous nature in pathological tissues (applied for the first time in the current study on blood samples). The results were statistically treated with unpaired two-tailed Student's t-test, MANOVA and Principal Component Analysis. Results: A consistent quantity of micron-, submicron- and nano-sized foreign bodies (from 20 micron down to 100nm) was documented in 18/19 AML cases, whereas they were absent or rare in the controls. The particles appeared as singlet and aggregates (ranging from 5 to 20micron), either in close contact with blood elements or interacting with plasma. Some reacted with blood proteins thus forming composite clusters. A total of 141 aggregates (median 8, range 0-18) in AML, compared to a total of 12 aggregates in controls (median 1, range 0-3) were counted. The aggregate analysis showed variable sizes and number of particles, with a total of 5394 particles in leukemia cases compared to a total of 207 in controls. The total numbers of aggregates and particles were statistically different between cases and controls (MANOVA, P<0.001 e P=0.009 respectively). Aggregates were then analyzed with EDS, identifying their elemental composition. The particles mostly contained highly reactive metals, and appeared not biocompatible and not biodegradable. In particular, micro- and nano-sized particulates were segregated in organic-inorganic clusters, with statistically higher frequency of a subgroup of elements in AML samples (Si, P=0.03; Al, P=0.03; Fe, P=0.002; Ti, P=0.04, Cu, P=0.02, respectively). The analyses of the chemical spectra in some cases allowed to recognize and identify the source of the contamination. Conclusion: In conclusion, we demonstrated the exposure of a subset of AML patients to environmental contaminants, with invasive character in the human body, not biocompatible and biopersistent. AML, as well as myelodysplastic syndromes, are derived from precursor cells critical in innate immunity, that submicronic particles could have triggered. New etiopathogenic hypotheses involving an interaction among sub-micron and nanosized particles with blood components are under evaluation. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals The Influence of DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenz-[a]anthracene) Regimen In The Development of Mammae Carcinogénesis on Sprague Dawley Female Rat

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Agung Eru Wibowo ◽  
Sriningsih Sriningsih ◽  
Puspita Eka Wuyung ◽  
Raafqi Ranasasmita
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Chemical Induction ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

There are many methods for development of mammae cancer animal model, one of which is chemical induction using carcinogenic agent, DMBA. This research aimed to explore the influence of dose and time regimens of DMBA on development of mammae carcinogenesis on Sprague dawley female rats. The first study was 50 rats treated with 20 mg/kg bw of DMBA orally for eleven times at twice a week. Morphological evaluations were conducted with mammae palpation for 15 weeks and then all of rats were sacrificed for collecting mammae organs for histological analysis using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The results showed that the first and the latest nodules appeared at the fourth-week and the fourteenth-week after ending DMBA induction, respectively, in which the most often nodule appearances were at the seventh-week. The number of nodule incidence and multiplicity were by 74% and 2 noduls/rat, respectively. Histological analysis of mammae glands determined that they fell under in Ductal Carcinoma Invasive (DCIV) category. The second study was 25 rats gavaged orally with DMBA at dose 20 mg/kg bw for five times every three days. After palpating for 15 weeks, the results showed that no nodule was observed but the histological analysis demonstrated developing of mammae gland carcinogenesis reaching about 60% Ductal Carcinoma Insitu (DCIS) and 40% Ductal Carcinoma Invasive (DCIV) stages. Based on the results of this study can be concluded that the dose and frequency of DMBA will affect the successful development of mammary gland carcinogenesis. In DMBA induction with low frequency, no data showed the incidence and multiplicity of tumor, but histopathologic level carcinogenesis can be distinguished. In DMBA induction with high frequency, incidence and multiplicity of tumor data can be obtained but can not be distinguished histopathologically.Keywords: DMBA, doses, carcinogenesis, mammae, histopatology

Evaluation of Toluene Vapors on the Hearing System of a Production Company Employee: A carcinogenic agent

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nikpay ◽  
Reza Moradi ◽  
Salman Sheikhi ◽  
Seyedeh Zahra Mousavi Jarrahi ◽  
Tayyebeh Jaddi Madarsara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Simultaneous Exposure ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
Solvent Vapor ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Production Company ◽  
Occupational Hearing Loss

Introduction: Hearing loss is one of the most common causes of disability of more than 1.33 billion people worldwide and, according to WHO research, failure to timely detect hearing loss has detrimental effects on the individual, the family and the world economy ($ 750 billion), Therefore, exposure to excessive noise and exposure to organic solvents can cause hearing loss in individuals. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on a manufacturing company with a statistical population of 17 people (8 employees of printing and electroplating unit with a mean age of 40±4.78 and 9 employees of Coldwell unit with a mean age of 4.33±41). Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 and paired T-test. Results: According to the pollutant results in the Coldwell unit, the noise level was exceeded, but the toluene levels were measured at the permissible level, which, according to the software output, showed a faster rate of hearing loss (Right ear sig = 0.007 and left ear sig = 0.002) and also, in the printing and plating unit, the sound level was above the permissible limit, but the toluene level was exceeded, which according to the software output of these units had a lower rate of hearing loss. Conclusion: The results of this study show that simultaneous exposure to noise and organic solvents such as toluene in the workplace accelerates the Occupational Hearing Loss Process, as well as employees who are not exposed to noise, are reasonably hearing impaired due to exposure to toluene.   keywords: Noise, Audiometry, Occupational Hearing Loss, Measurement of Workplace Hazardous Factors, Organic Solvent Vapor, Toluene Vapor.

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