scholarly journals Evaluation of Hormone-Induced Stress Responses Using Endogenous Cortisol in Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria I. Berezina ◽  
Lyubov L. Fomina
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Plasma Cortisol Level ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Studies ◽  
Acute And Chronic Stress ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Endogenous Cortisol ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Smooth Dynamics

With stress studies in fish it is often difficult to determine the degree of response to various stressors, and the interpretation of this influence is usually based on an increase in endogenous cortisol levels. Simulation of stress with synthetic corticosteroids is widely used in ichthyological practice, which raises the question of whether endogenous cortisol is the most appropriate parameter for measuring stress levels in such studies. This work presents the dynamics of the plasma cortisol level in simulating acute and chronic stress in 24 carps by a single injection of dexamethasone in the first experimental group and betamethasone in the second experimental group, in comparison with the control group (without injection) for 21 days. The analysis was performed before injection, as well as after 7, 14 and 21 days of treatment. The hormonal response was compared with that of fish stressed by natural factors (hypoxia). It was found that betamethasone inactivates the production of endogenous cortisol during all subsequent days of the experiment after injection from 353.68±66.39 ng/ml to 7.28±1.27 ng/ml by day 21, while the effect of dexamethasone caused multidirectional fluctuations in its level: from 346.25±43.16 ng/ml to 242.25±58.49 ng/ml on the 7th day, 388.25±37.51 ng/ml on the 14th day and 264.25±21.21 ng/ml on day 21 compared with smooth dynamics in control fish: 376.25±44.04 ng/ml, 366.75±42.82 ng/ml, 335.33±8.57 ng/ml and 366.00±89.22 ng/ml, respectively. It was concluded that measuring the level of endogenous cortisol is not recommended when assessing the degree of stress imitation by these hormones, and in studies of this type it is necessary to search for other indicators. Keywords: carp, cortisol, stress, dexamethasone, betamethasone, hormone

scholarly journals Effects of surgically implanted dummy transmitters on the South American catfish Jundiá (Rhamdia quelen)

2003 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. H. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
High Water ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen ◽  
Group Water ◽  
Radio Transmitters ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

High water temperatures and low water quality may negatively influence wound healing, growth and transmitter retention in radio-tagged fish of tropical and subtropical water bodies which in turn may hamper radio tracking studies. For a period of 90 days, we compared growth of an experimental group of ten Rhamdia quelen, which were submitted to intraperitoneal dummy transmitter implantation, with that of a control group. Additionally, wound healing and transmitter expulsion were observed in the experimental group. Water temperature varied between 24°C and 30°C during the study. Experimental group and control fish decreased in body weight during the investigation period, but the differences between the mean individual weight loss in both groups were not significant (Student t-test, p = 0.64). Wound healing in experiment group fish was advanced after 14 days, while after 70 days eight out of ten incision wounds were closed and cicatrized. One fish had its dummy transmitter expulsed through the ventral body wall. After 90 days two more fish had the dummies expulsed, one through the ventral body wall and the other through the antenna exit. One experimental group fish died with visible signs of infection. The results encourage the use of surgically implanted radio transmitters for long-term tagging studies at high water temperatures.

scholarly journals The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Mandala Coloring, Made in Nature, on Chronic Widespread Musculoskeletal Pain: Randomized Trial

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 642
Author(s):  
Han Choi ◽  
Suk-Chan Hahm ◽  
Yo-Han Jeon ◽  
Jin-Woo Han ◽  
Soo-Yeon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tender Points ◽  
Total Stress ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Made In

This study aimed to investigate the effects of mindfulness-based mandala coloring made within nature on individuals with chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain (CWP). Thirty-six participants were randomly allocated. In the experimental group, identical interventions and procedures were administered for each experiment. The control group members were untreated and remained in an urban environment. Overall, the experiment showed significant improvements in tender points (f = 8.791, p = 0.006), total stress level (f = 14.570, p = 0.001), depressive symptoms (f = 15.205, p = 0.001), anger symptoms (f = 7.263, p = 0.011) and salivary cortisol (f = 10.619, p = 0.003) in the experimental group. The results reflect that MBMC within nature is effective in reducing pain, psychological stress responses, and cortisol levels in individuals with CWP. The positive results could be a product of the experimental design rather than the treatment itself. A rigorous experimental design provides better understanding of MBMC within nature.

Play Effects on Hospitalized Children With Acute Respiratory Infection: An Experimental Design Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 109980042097769
Author(s):  
Mei-Chun Liu ◽  
Fan-Hao Chou
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Play ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Preschool Aged Children

Acute respiratory infection is a major health issue and a primary cause of morbidity and mortality among preschool-aged children worldwide. Disease and hospitalization are chief stressors for children during their development. Therapeutic play has been used in pediatric care processes and has been demonstrated to be effective by most studies that have targeted children undergoing surgeries or invasive medical treatments. Currently, few published studies have focused on children receiving acute inpatient care. Additionally, not all types of therapeutic play produce significant results, and few studies have elaborated on the purposes, principles, and concrete measures of therapeutic play. Therefore, this study aimed to design therapeutic play that would reduce the stress responses of preschool-aged children hospitalized with acute respiratory infection. An experimental design with a pretest/posttest was conducted with 105 preschool children recruited from a regional teaching hospital in southern Taiwan. The children in the experimental group received the therapeutic play, while those in the control group received routine nursing care. Children in the experimental group showed significantly greater reductions in their physiological, psychological, and behavioral stress responses than those in the control group. Future studies could apply therapeutic play to children from different age groups with diverse health issues before recommending it be used in pediatric health settings.

scholarly journals Improvement and effect of stress responses and ovarian reserve function in patients with ovarian cysts after laparoscopic surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 3212-3222
Author(s):  
Jiehan Xu ◽  
Hongfang Shao ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
Xiaohong Shi ◽  
Minfang Tao
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Ovarian Cyst ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Ovarian Cysts ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Response Level ◽  
Experimental Group

Objectives This study aimed to examine improvement and the effect of stress responses and ovarian reserve function in patients with ovarian cysts after laparoscopic surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 117 patients with ovarian cysts. Fifty-one patients who were treated with abdominal ovarian cyst dissection were in the control group. Sixty-six patients who were treated with laparoscopic ovarian cyst dissection were in the experimental group. Results Operative conditions and recovery in the experimental group were better than those in the control group. After surgery, changes in most ovarian reserve function indices in the experimental group were significantly less than that in the control group. The maximum diameter of the ovary and the number of antral follicles after surgery were less in the experimental group than in the control group. Changes in stress response indices after surgery were significantly less in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusions Laparoscopic ovarian cyst surgery may have a relatively small adverse effect on multiple related indices of ovarian reserve function. The patient’s stress response level is also lower after this surgery. Therefore, laparoscopic ovarian cyst surgery is suitable for treating patients with ovarian cysts.

Abstract 12683: Genome-wide Mrna Expression Analysis of Acute Psychological Stress Responses

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeongok G Logan ◽  
Mihyun Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Trier Social Stress Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acute Psychological Stress ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction: Previous studies have examined effects of acute psychological stress in humans on selected panels of genes. This exploratory study aimed to investigate genome-wide transcriptional activity changes in responses to acute psychological stress. Methods: The sample included 40 healthy women who participated in a previous study (22 who had a stress induced experience (experimental group) and 18 who did not (control group)). The psychological stress was induced by the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Psychological stress levels (measured by the Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS) and the state anxiety subscale of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) and hemodynamic changes (measured by blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR)) were assessed before and after the TSST. The peripheral blood samples obtained before and after the TSST were processed for mRNA-sequencing. Results: The mean age of the participants was 31 years (SD 11.6). The psychological and hemodynamic stress parameters indicated that the TSST successfully induced moderate but statistically significant levels of acute psychological stress in the participants of the experimental group. Compared with the participants in the control group, six genes ( BCL2L14, FAM3B, HCG26, HLA-F-AS1, LOC101928710 , and SLC22A16 ) were up-regulated and 9 genes ( ATP2C2, CA1, CRYBG3, FBXO9, HBD, SLC39A9, SNCA, STRADB , and TRMT12 ) were down-regulated among those who experienced stress induction. The IPA analysis identified one network of cell-to-cell signaling and interaction, cellular function and maintenance, and hematological system development and function. Thirteen genes out of 15 were found in this network. Conclusions: The identified genes including FAM3B, BCL2L14, SLC22A16 , and SNCA , have been proposed as the therapeutic targets of diabetes-related CVDs, certain cancers, and Parkinson’s disease, but have not previously been reported to be associated with psychological stress. Future studies are suggested to examine the pathological mechanisms by which the identified genes may mediate the association between psychological stress and adverse health outcome.

scholarly journals Effects of Auricular Acupressure on Blood Pressure and Stress Responses in Adults with Prehypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-185
Author(s):  
Shinae Lee ◽  
Hyojung Park
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
T Test ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bulletin Board ◽  
Auricular Acupressure ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: This study was done to examine the effects of auricular acupressure (AA) on blood pressure (BP) and stress responses in adults with prehypertension.Methods: This single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted from September 2019 to February 2020. Participants were recruited through bulletin board notices in D city. The experimental group (n=27) received 8 weeks of AA intervention on specific acupoints (shenmen, kidney, heart, occiput, adrenal gland) to reduce blood pressure and stress, whereas the control group (n=25) received AA unspecific acupoints (helix 1-5). The outcomes were measured using BP, perceived stress scale (PSS), cortisol, and heart rate variability (HRV). Collected data were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, chi-square, Shapiro-Wilk normality test, paired t-test, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, repeated measures ANOVA and Friedman test with the SPSS/WIN 24.0.Results: Statistical differences were found between the groups for systolic BP (x2=85.64, p<.001), diastolic BP (x2=27.76, p=.001), PSS (F=9.439, p=.003), low frequency (F=5.22, p=.027), heart rate (F=3.208, p=.045), and HRV index (F=3.579, p=.035). Cortisol did not differ significantly between the experimental group and control group.Conclusion: The findings show that AA leads to improvements in BP and stress responses in adults with prehypertension. Therefore, AA can be used as an alternative nursing intervention for hypertension prevention and stress management.

Effect of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Epidural Anesthesia on Stress Responses and Postoperative Complications in Patients Undergoing Thoracoscopic Radical Resection of Lung Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 4066-4073
Author(s):  
Xiucai Hu ◽  
Yang Xiaomei ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
Jian Yu ◽  
Xiaobin Si ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Complication Rate ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Radical Resection ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with epidural anesthesia on stress responses and postoperative complications in patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer. Methods: A total of 100 patients who underwent radical resection of pulmonary carcinoma in our hospital between February 2019 and July 2020 were selected and randomly divided into control group (n=50) and experimental group (n=50), and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, the control group patients received epidural anesthesia, while the patients in the experimental group were treated with dexmedetomidine combined with epidural anesthesia. After that, the anesthesia onset time, duration of analgesia, postoperative waking time, SDSS cognitive function score, VAS pain score, incidence of stress response, postoperative complication rate, postoperative expression levels of inflammatory factors, as well as blood pressure before surgery (TO), 1 h during surgery (T1), 1 h after surgery (T2), and 2 h after surgery (T3) were compared between the two groups. Results: The anesthesia onset time, SDSS cognitive function score, VAS pain score, incidence of stress response, postoperative complication rate and postoperative expression levels of inflammatory factors in the experimental group were all significantly lower than those in the control group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05); the duration of analgesia and postoperative waking time in the experimental group were significantly longer than those in the control group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05); there was no statistical significance in the comparison of the blood pressure at TO, T1, T2 and T3 between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The application of dexmedetomidine combined with epidural anesthesia for the patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer can significantly reduce complication rate after surgery, improve analgesic effect and relieve stress responses in patients.

Morphometric analysis of peroxisomes in hepatocytes of alcohol-fed rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1100-1101
Author(s):  
D.C. Dominguez ◽  
J.T. Ellzey
Keyword(s):  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Numerical Density ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Paired Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Liver Peroxisomes ◽  
Single Lesion

Peroxisomes which participate in 1ipid metabolism have been shown to be altered in several metabolic disorders and toxic conditions. In alcoholic liver disease, the single lesion most frequently found is lipid accumu1ation in hepatocytes. However, the mechanisms for this 1ipid accumu1ation are not clear. The occurrence of modifications of liver peroxisomes due to excess alcohol consumption has not been subjected to a controlled study. We utilized a combination of cytochemica1 and morphometrictechniques to study the size and number of liver peroxisomes in rats fed an alcohol-supplemented diet compared to those of matched-paired control animals.Male Sprague-Daw1ey rats (400-500 g) received a liquid diet. The experimental group (N = 5/group) was fed a diet containing 30% ethanol-derived calories (EDC) and the control group was fed an isocaloric diet to 30% EDC. A pair feeding procedure was employed to control for caloric intake. Small pieces of liver randomly selected, were fixed in 2.3% -glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer, pH 7.2, incubated in a DAB medium and postfixed with. 2% aqueous osmium tetroxide. EM photographs were taken from sections of 3 tissue blocks from each sample (7,200X) with a Zeiss EM10-A (60 kV). With the use of a point counting method and a digital planimeter the volume density (Vv) and numerical density (Nv) were determined.

Values and intergroup perceptions of East Germans and West Germans in 1998 1This research was supported by a grant from the German Research Society (We 1106/3-1).

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-272
Author(s):  
Jörg Doll ◽  
Michael Dick
Keyword(s):  
Research Society ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
The West ◽  
Need For Uniqueness ◽  
German Research ◽  
East German ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
East West

The studies reported here focus on similarities and dissimilarities between the terminal value hierarchies ( Rokeach, 1973 ) ascribed to different groups ( Schwartz & Struch, 1990 ). In Study 1, n = 65 East Germans and n = 110 West Germans mutually assess the respective ingroup and outgroup. In this intra-German comparison the West Germans, with a mean intraindividual correlation of rho = 0.609, perceive a significantly greater East-West similarity between the group-related value hierarchies than the East Germans, with a mean rho = 0.400. Study 2 gives East German subjects either a Swiss (n = 58) or Polish (n = 59) frame of reference in the comparison between the categories German and East German. Whereas the Swiss frame of reference should arouse a need for uniqueness, the Polish frame of reference should arouse a need for similarity. In accordance with expectations, the Swiss frame of reference significantly reduces the correlative similarity between German and East German from a mean rho = 0.703 in a control group (n = 59) to a mean rho = 0.518 in the experimental group. Contrary to expectations, the Polish frame of reference does not lead to an increase in perceived similarity (mean rho = 0.712).

Rorschach Characteristics in Adolescents with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Santoantonio ◽  
L. Yazigi ◽  
E. I. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the personality characteristics in adolescents with SLE. The research design is a case-control study by means of the Rorschach Method and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Study group: 30 female adolescents with lupus, 12–17 years of age. The SLE Disease Activity Index was administered during the period of psychological evaluation. Control group: 32 nonpatient adolescents were matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic level. In the Wechsler Intelligence Scale the mean IQ of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (77 and 98, respectively, p < .001). In the Rorschach, the lupus patients showed greater difficulty in interpersonal interactions, although they displayed the resources to process affect and to cope with stressful situations. A positive moderate correlation (p = .069) between the activity index of the disease and the affect constriction proportion of the Rorschach was observed: the higher the SLEDAI score, the lower the capacity to process affect. There is a negative correlation between the activity index of the disease and the IQ (p = .001): with a higher activity index of the disease, less intellectual resources are available.

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