Effect of Temperature on Butterfly Community (lepidoptera) at Gunung Meja Recreational Forest Area, Manokwari, Papua Barat

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawati Panjaitan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Butterfly Community ◽  
The Impact

<p>Gunung Meja is one of the forest areas in Manokwari, West Papua province. It has been designated as a recreational forest since 1980. Gunung Meja covers 460.25 ha and is located at 75–175 m a.s.l. Gunung Meja is directly adjacent to residential areas, therefore the community activities, such as felling trees and gardening, was conducted in the area frequently. These can interfered the existence of flora and fauna in the area, included butterflies. To reveal the impact of intrusive human activities on the forest area, it was necessary to obtain basic information about what flora and fauna are present there. This study was aim to record the butterfly community in the area. Observations of butterflies were done by scan sampling on primary forest, secondary forest, gardens and settlements. Sampling and measurement of environmental parameters were performed in the morning and afternoon for seven weeks. This study recorded 113 species and 4.049 individuals of butterflies. There were 75 species in primary forest, 77 species in secondary forest, and 63 species in gardens and settlements. The number of species found was still increasing until the last day of the observation. Shannon-Wiener index (H’) calculation showed that diversity in primary and secondary forests were 3.48 and 3.50, respectively, thus classified as high (H’ &gt; 3). Sorensen index calculation (C<em><sub>N</sub></em>) showed high value reaching 0.5 quantitatively. The numbers of butterflies both species number and individual number, observed in the morning were higher than those in the afternoon. There was significant effect (P &lt; 0.05) of temperature on the number of individual butterflies. The result of PCA analysis showed that the environmental parameters in primary forest, secondary forest, gardens and settlements influenced the number of species and number of individuals.</p>

scholarly journals Thành phần loài và phân bố của mối từ Quảng Bình đến Huế

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Minh Duc ◽  
Bui Thi Lo ◽  
Do Thi Ngoc Anh ◽  
Nguyen Thi My ◽  
Nguyen Van Quang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Forest Habitat ◽  
Termite Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Total Species ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The result on termite survey from Quang Binh to Thua Thien Hue provinces identified 84 species belonging to 22 genera, 8 subfamilies and 3 families. In comparison with the previous study results, our study newly recorded 27 species and 3 genera in Quang Binh province, two genera in Quang Tri province and six species in Thua Thien Hue province. When we analysed the contribution of termites in different habitats and altitudinal bands, the results showed that the secondary forest habitat has the highest number of species (62 species, accounting for 73.81% of total species number of the studied area), followed by primary forest habitat (41 species, accounting for 48,81%), plantation habitat (34 species, accounting for 40.48%) and resident area with the lowest number of species (23 species, accounting for 27.38%); the number of termite species in the altitudinal band 300-700m is the highest (52 species, accounting for 61.90% of total species number of the studied area), by that in the altitudinal band <300m (41 species, 48.81%), in the altitudinal band 701-1000m (38 species, accounting for 45.23%) and the least is in the altitudinal band > 1000m (21 species, accounting for 25.00%). This is the firstly comprehensive study on composition and distribution of termites in three provinces of Central Vietnam.  

scholarly journals Pola Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan Sub Sub Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Cikujang

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
Devianti Devianti
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Change Pattern ◽  
Changing Rate

Abstrak. Sub Sub DAS Cikujang merupakan salah satu bagian dari Sub DAS Cimanuk hulu yang dapat menyumbang sedimen ke waduk Jatigede yang berasal dari erosi sebagai akibat perubahan penggunaan lahan yang tidak sesuai dengan kondisi fisik lahan. Hasil kajian memperlihatkan  pola perubahan penggunaan lahan di Sub Sub DAS Cikujang periode 1994-2009, terjadi perubahan penggunaan lahan dari kawasan lindung menjadi kawasan budidaya seluas 742,20 ha. Kawasan lindung pada tahun 1994 seluas 3.213,03 ha menurun menjadi 2.470,83 ha pada tahun 2009 dan kawasan budidaya pada tahun 1994 seluas 9.532,41 ha meningkat menjadi 10.274,61 ha pada tahun 2009 dengan laju perubahan 185,55 ha/tahun. Laju penurunan luasan hutan primer mencapai 54,45 ha/tahun, dan pada tahun 2009 tidak terdapat lagi lahan dengan fungsi sebagai hutan primer. Laju penurunan luasan hutan sekunder mencapai 135,90 ha/tahun dari 2.995,25 ha pada tahun 1994 menjadi 2.451,65 ha pada tahun 2009. Pola perubahan penggunaan lahan di Sub Sub DAS Cikujang sebagian besar dipengaruhi dengan pola perubahan hutan primer dan hutan sekunder pada kawasan lindung. Sedangkan pola perubahan penggunaan lahan pada kawasan budidaya dipengaruhi pola perubahan lahan kebun campuran, tegalan/ladang, perkebunan, dan sawah Land-Use Change Pattern in Cikujang Catchment Area Abstract. Cikujang catchment area is one part of the subzone Cimanuk that can contribute sediment upstream reservoirs to Jatigede derived from erosion as a result of changes in land use that is not in accordance with the physical condition of the land. Based on analysis result of land-use change pattern in Cikujang catchment area in 1994 – 2009 period, land-use had changed 742,20ha from protected areas to cultivated areas, where protected area had decreased from 3.213,03ha in 1994 to 2.470,83ha in 2009 and cultivated area had increased from 10.274,61 ha in 1994 to10.274,61 ha in 2009 with changing rate ha/year. The rate of decreasing primary forest area was 54.45ha/year, as a result there was no land function as primary forest in 2009.  The rate of decreasing secondary forest area was 135,90ha/year ranging from 2.995,25ha in 1994 to 2.451,65ha in 2009. Land-use change pattern in Cikujang catchment area dominantly was influenced by changing pattern of protected forest and secondary forest in protected area, but in cultivated area land-use change pattern was influenced by changing pattern of farm, grassland, and rice field.

Highly stretchable and sensitive strain sensors based on carbon nanotube–elastomer nanocomposites: the effect of environmental factors on strain sensing performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
pp. 6185-6195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nankali ◽  
Norouz Mohammad Nouri ◽  
Mahdi Navidbakhsh ◽  
Nima Geran Malek ◽  
Mohammad Amin Amindehghan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Strain Sensors ◽  
Sensitive Strain ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Strain Sensing ◽  
Highly Stretchable ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sensing Performance

The impact of environmental parameters on the sensing behavior of carbon nanotube–elastomer nanocomposite strain sensors has been investigated, revealing significant effect of temperature and humidity variations on the sensing performance.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Income and Land Cover Change at Lore Lindu National Park in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Rustam Abdul Rauf ◽  
Adam Malik ◽  
Isrun . ◽  
Golar . ◽  
Alimudin Laapo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
National Park ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Lore Lindu National Park

Lore Lindu National Park in Central Sulawesi is one of the protected areas. Although it is protected, many of its areas are experiencing pressure and disruption by human activities. The purpose of this research was to know the relationship between farmers&rsquo; income and land cover change at Lore Lindu National Park. The research method was a participatory survey. Variables of incomes were sourced from farming and outside farming (forests). Data of land cover change were obtained using imagery in 2012, 2014 and 2016. The result of research is the average of farming income of IDR 1,387,077 (cocoa farming) and non-farm income of IDR 854,819 (forest honey, resin). In the last five years (2012-2016), the primary forest area decreased by 902.37 ha, while the secondary forest has shown an increase of 2,233.61 ha. The trend of land cover change was drastic, with change in the secondary dry land forest area from 6.9 ha (in 2012) to 2,240.5 ha (in 2016). The increased secondary forest area and the secondary forests have been converted into agricultural land and mixed gardens.

Recurrent speciation rates on islands decline with species number

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1949) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Yamaguchi ◽  
Yoh Iwasa ◽  
Yuuya Tachiki
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Speciation Rates ◽  
Proportional Relationship ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact

In an archipelagic system, species diversity is maintained and determined by the balance among speciation, extinction and migration. As the number of species increases, the average population size of each species decreases, and the extinction likelihood of any given species grows. By contrast, the role of reduced population size in geographic speciation has received comparatively less research attention. Here, to study the rate of recurrent speciation, we adopted a simple multi-species two-island model and considered symmetric interspecific competition on each island. As the number of species increases on an island, the competition intensifies, and the size of the resident population decreases. By contrast, the number of migrants is likely to exhibit a weaker than proportional relationship with the size of the source population due to rare oceanic dispersal. If this is the case, as the number of species on the recipient island increases, the impact of migration strengthens and decelerates the occurrence of further speciation events. According to our analyses, the number of species can be stabilized at a finite level, even in the absence of extinction.

scholarly journals Analisis kawasan hutan dan tutupan hutan pada tiga daerah aliran sungai di Kabupaten Manokwari

Cassowary ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-67
Author(s):  
Haerul Arifin ◽  
Charlie D. Heatubun ◽  
Wahyudi Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Production Forests ◽  
Proportional Distribution

Law number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry mandates to maintain the area of ​​forest area and forest cover for each rivers at least 30% of the total area, with a proportional distribution. The purpose of this study was to determine the area and percentage of the area and forest cover in the three watersheds, Arui, Prafi, and Wosi, in Manokwari District, analyze the composition, distribution, and changes in the area and forest cover, and describe the factors that influence these changes. this uses descriptive methods with quantitative analysis techniques. Data collection and analysis is done spatially using ArcGIS / ArcMap 10.1 software. The research variables consisted of area and forest cover in the watershed, composition, distribution, and change in the area and forest cover, area of ​​forest cover inside and outside the area expressed in hectares (ha) and percent (%), as well as factors that influence changes in the area and forest cover. The results showed that until 2016, the percentage of forest area to the total watershed for the two watersheds (Arui and Prafi) was still above 30%, while the Wosi watershed was only 14.79%, but the percentage of forest cover for the three watersheds was still above 30% The composition of the Arui and Prafi Watershed Forest Areas is dominated by Permanent Forests, whereas the Wosi Watershed is dominated by convertible Production Forests. In the Arui and Prafi watersheds, the distribution of the forest area is more concentrated in the upstream area and is dominated by primary forest, while the Wosi watershed is only in a portion of the upstream area with a predominance of secondary forest. During 2006 - 2016, the largest deforestation occurred in the Arui watershed (4.71% at a rate of 121.80 ha / year), conversely the highest forest degradation occurred in the Wosi watershed (39% at a rate of 5.31 ha / year). The dominant factor causing the change in the area in the three watersheds is thought to be a factor in partial change of forest area designation and Changes in Spatial Planning for the Provinces of West Papua and Manokwari in 2013-2033. Furthermore, population growth and land conversion to oil palm plantations, both by companies and communities, are the dominant factors causing deforestation.

scholarly journals MODEL OF CLIMATE AND LAND-USE CHANGES IMPACT ON WATER SECURITY IN AMBON CITY, INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Alexander Barkey ◽  
Muh Faisal Mappiasse ◽  
Munajat Nursaputra
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
The Impact

Ambon City is the center of national activities in Maluku province, established under Presidential Decree 77 issued in 2014 about spatial planning of Maluku Islands. Ambon is a strategic region in terms of development in agriculture and fisheries sectors. Development of the region caused this area to be extremely vulnerable to the issues on water security. Seven watersheds which are Air Manis, Hutumury, Passo, Tulehu, Wae Batu Merah, Wae Lela and Wae Sikula affect the water system in Ambon City. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the impact of climate and land use change on water availability in seven watersheds in Ambon City. The analysis was performed using a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model in order to analyze climate changes on the period of 1987-1996 (past), of 2004-2013 (present) and climate projection on the period 2035s (future) and equally to analyze land use data in 1996 and 2014. The results of the research indicated that land use in the study area has changed since 1996 to 2014. Forest area decreased around 32.45%, while residential areas and agriculture land increased 56.01% and 19.80%, respectively. The results of SWAT model presented the water availability amount to 1127.01 million m3/year on the period of 1987-1996. During the period of 2004-2013, it has been reduced to 1,076.55 million m3/year (around 4.48% decrease). The results of the prediction of future water availability in the period of 2035s estimated a decrease of water availability around 4.69% (1,026.09 million m3/year). Land use and climate change have greatly contributed to the water availability in seven watersheds of Ambon City. Ambon City is in need of land use planning especially the application of spatial plan. The maintenance of forest area is indispensable. In built-up areas, it is essential to implement green space and water harvesting in order to secure water availability in the future.

scholarly journals Pelatihan Pembuatan Eco-Friendly Detergen Daun Balik Angin (Alphitonia Excelsa) pada Kelompok Ibu-ibu di Desa Mandi Angin

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-278
Author(s):  
Kurdiansyah ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Machdie ◽  
Gusti Abdul R. Thamrin
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Community Skills ◽  
Infusion Method ◽  
Implementation Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Special Purpose Forest Area (KHDTK) Lambung Mangkurat University is a forest area with types of plants and trees. KHDTK is close to residential areas. The existence of community activities around KHDTK will indirectly have an impact on the sustainability of KHDTK. The community activities that impact KHDTK are bathing, washing, and latrine activities (MCK). This community activity provides insight into the impact of using chemical detergents on health and the environment, as well as increasing community empowerment around the KHDTK area in processing natural resources in the form of processing leaves into environmentally friendly detergents. The implementation method consists of two steps, the first step is counseling, and the second step is the preparation of eco-friendly detergents. Counseling carried out by providing knowledge about the impact of synthetic detergents and the manufacture of environmentally friendly detergents. In this activity, the active ingredients used are balik angin leaves because these leaves contain saponins. Leaves balik angin extraction using the infusion method. The results of the evaluation of the activities showed an increase in public knowledge about the impact of synthetic detergents on the environment and an increase in community skills in making environmentally friendly detergents. This activity is very useful in increasing the knowledge and skills of the community.

scholarly journals Response of soil mite abundance and diversity to a monospecific timber Tectona grandis plantation in Ivory Coast

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 633-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Kouadio N’dri ◽  
Henri Marc Andre ◽  
Jan LagerlöF ◽  
Jérôme Ebagnérin Tondoh ◽  
Thierry Hance
Keyword(s):  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Teak Plantation ◽  
Soil Mite ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This study aims to assess the impact of monospecific Tectona grandis forest plantation on the soil mite abundance and diversity. To achieve these objectives, two sites situated in Ivory Coast were investigated. The first, a primary forest was characterized by a very weak human activities whereas the second, a teak plantation was characterized by a high disturbance performed during the planting. After extracting, sorted and description, 116 mite species were described in the two sites. Mite densities were lower in teak plantation and also higher in the litter and decreased to the depth in both sites. Species richness recorded in teak plantation (52 species) was significantly lower compared to primary forest (98 species). The same trend was observed for Oribatida but not for Gamasida. The lower Oribatida (5 vs. 17) and higher Oribatida (24 vs. 41) were recorded respectively in teak plantation and primary forest. Mite Shannon index and evenness were significantly different between sites. High Jaccard index values and the appearance of exclusive species in both habitats showed that the sites are very distinct. Total number of species recorded corresponded to 58%–63% of the total number of species estimated by ACE and Chao 1&2 estimators, indicating that the sampling effort was not sufficient. Mite abundance and diversity varied depending on the characteristics of habitats. Chemical element (Corg, Ctot, Ntot, and SOM) values were lower in teak plantation (disturbed habitat) and significantly different to primary forest in the topsoil. Apart from litter height, soil depth, pH and C/N ratio, others variables were strongly correlated to mite abundance and diversity.

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