scholarly journals BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION IN BERDIANSK COUNTY OF TAURIDA GOVERNORATE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE ХІХ CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Zolotar
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Bridge Construction ◽  
Local Range ◽  
High Level ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Very High

The purpose of the article is to cover the local range of problems of bridge construction in Berdiansk county of Taurida Governorate in the second half of the XIX century. The article analyses mechanisms of emergence of infrastructure facilities in Ukraine which was under Russian rule. Moreover, the article reveals prioritization of infrastructure facility emergence in a certain locality, the construction process itself and difficulties in implementation of projects, cost estimation, technical characteristics. In addition, the article investigates the role of zemstvo in development of transport system infrastructure and its influence on county development.  It was found out that bridges were facilities of vital importance for a locality: possibility of conducting trading operations, receiving correspondence, rural-urban communication, but on the technological side bridge construction still wasn't at a very high level. Investigation analysis showed significant contribution of zemstvo into development of transport infrastructure, although counter-reforms slowed down the pace of development of communication routes of the county.

scholarly journals Expanding the breadth of Medicare: learning from Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 344-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Duckett
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Allied Health Professionals ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Division Of Powers ◽  
Medicare Programme ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High ◽  
Health Programmes

AbstractThe design of Australia’s Medicare programme was based on the Canadian scheme, adapted somewhat to take account of differences in the constitutional division of powers in the two countries and differences in history. The key elements are very similar: access to hospital services without charge being the core similarity, universal coverage for necessary medical services, albeit with a variable co-payment in Australia, the other. But there are significant differences between the two countries in health programmes – whether or not they are labelled as ‘Medicare’. This paper discusses four areas where Canada could potentially learn from Australia in a positive way. First, Australia has had a national Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme for almost 70 years. Second, there have been hesitant extensions to Australia’s Medicare to address the increasing prevalence of people with chronic conditions – extensions which include some payments for allied health professionals, ‘care coordination’ payments, and exploration of ‘health care homes’. Third, Australia has a much more extensive system of support for older people to live in their homes or to move into supported residential care. Fourth, Australia has gone further in driving efficiency in the hospital sector than has Canada. Finally, the paper examines aspects of the Australian health care system that Canada should avoid, including the very high level of out-of-pocket costs, and the role of private acute inpatient provision.

scholarly journals EVALUASI KINERJA DAN KEMAMPUAN KEUANGAN DAERAH KOTA MAGELANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shania Nur Chasanah ◽  
Jihad Lukis Panjawa
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Capacity ◽  
Quadrant Method ◽  
High Level ◽  
Financial Dependency ◽  
The City ◽  
Very High

This study aims to analyze the performance and financial capability of Magelang City in the period 2014 - 2018. This study uses a quantitative approach with secondary data. The analytical tool used to measure the financial performance of the City of Magelang is a ratio and to calculate the financial capacity of the region measured by the index Share, Growth, Elasticity. The results showed the city of Magelang entered the category of low. The level of regional financial dependency shows a very high level of dependency. The degree of fiscal decentralization is in the moderate category. The level of effectiveness of regional income is very effective. The results of the calculation of the regional financial performance index (IKK) show that financial capacity is relatively high. Other findings from the mapping of regional financial capacity based on the quadrant method, the position of the city of Magelang is in quadrant III. This condition is also not ideal. The big role of PAD in Total Spending has a small chance because the growth of PAD is small. The contribution of PAD to total expenditure is high, but the growth of PAD is low. Efforts to further increase PAD by optimizing resource management and expanding the potential of the economic sector.

The role of domain information in Word Sense Disambiguation

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
BERNARDO MAGNINI ◽  
CARLO STRAPPARAVA ◽  
GIOVANNI PEZZULO ◽  
ALFIO GLIOZZO
Keyword(s):  
Word Sense Disambiguation ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Word Sense ◽  
Sense Disambiguation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Word Senses ◽  
Very High ◽  
Domain Information

This paper explores the role of domain information in word sense disambiguation. The underlying hypothesis is that domain labels, such as MEDICINE, ARCHITECTURE and SPORT, provide a useful way to establish semantic relations among word senses, which can be profitably used during the disambiguation process. Results obtained at the SENSEVAL-2 initiative confirm that for a significant subset of words domain information can be used to disambiguate with a very high level of precision.

Minireview: Role of Salicylic Acid in Plant Abiotic Stress

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Yuan ◽  
Hong-Hui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Intracellular Signal ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Susceptibility

Salicylic acid (SA) plays many roles in plant physiology. Besides pathogenesis-related resistance, SA is involved in the response to abiotic stress. However, the effects of SA on plant resistance to abiotic stress were found contradictionary, and the actual role of SA in abiotic stress remains unresolved. Generally, deficiency of SA or a very high level of SA increase the plant susceptibility to abiotic stress. The optimal levels for the highest stress tolerance range from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm for most plants. But the role of SA at a certain level in moderate and severe abiotic stress may be different. This can be attributed to redox regulations in plant cells. In this paper, we discuss the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and SA, and propose a subsequent intracellular signal transduction network of SA and ROS under abiotic stress. Anti-stress substances besides antioxidant enzymes induced by SA are also summarized.

The process of recruitment of immigrants in the construction sector. The cases of Italy and Portugal

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Fellini ◽  
Pedro Góis ◽  
José Carlos Marques
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
Skills Shortages ◽  
Very High

This article deals with the recruitment and employment of foreign workers in the Italian and Portuguese construction sectors. The two countries show a very similar structure and organisation of the sector. Nevertheless, Italy only ‘imports’ immigrants for the sector whereas Portugal both imports foreign labour and exports construction workers on the European market. On the basis of a comparative analysis of the occupational structure of foreign workers and of interviews with construction employers in the two countries this article examines such differences and discusses how (also with reference to irregular work and the underground economy) and why the construction sector represents a key sector for the economic insertion and adaptation of immigrants in the Mediterranean area. Skills shortages and labour cost issues are highlighted as factors affecting recruitment of foreigners in a sector characterised by a very high level of deregulation and informality, and in which processes of downsizing on the one hand and externalisation on the other have had as an important outcome the nearly exclusive role of subcontracting in the recruitment of semi- and low-skilled workers.

scholarly journals The effect of the South African market concentration on portfolio performance

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakobus Daniël van Heerden ◽  
Sonja Saunderson
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
South African ◽  
Market Concentration ◽  
Relative Performance ◽  
Portfolio Performance ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Portfolio Risk ◽  
Portfolio Managers ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

Portfolio risk is mainly a function of portfolio concentration and covariance between the assets in a portfolio. This study shows that South Africa experiences a high level of market concentration and that assets with large weights in the FTSE/JSE All Share Index (ALSI) have large covariances with each other. Together these two phenomena suggest that a high level of portfolio risk can be expected. Active portfolio managers in South African generally attempt to decrease portfolio concentration by deviating from the benchmark‟s weighting structure in order to decrease their portfolio risk. The effect of such a portfolio construction process on the measurement of relative performance, where the ALSI is used as the benchmark, was investigated by means of a simulation process. The results indicated that during times when those shares with larger weights in the index perform well, the probability of outperforming the ALSI is very small, while the probability of outperforming the ALSI during times when those same shares perform poorly is very high. These findings suggest that investors need to be educated about the bias regarding relative performance measurement using broad market indices, while alternative or additional methods of performance measurement need to be investigated to minimise this bias.

scholarly journals Lack of influence of low temperature, light and growth substances on phytochrome resynthesis in coleoptiles of irradiated oat seedlings

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
Jan Kopcewicz ◽  
Mariusz Cymerski ◽  
Kazimierz Madela
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Elongation Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Growth Substances ◽  
Etiolated Seedlings ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

The photoconversion of phytochrome P<sub>R</sub> into the P<sub>FR</sub> form causes at the same time the destruction of the initial large fraction of phytochrome found in the coleoptiles of etiolated oat seedlings. Factors such as low temperature, light of different wavelengths or growth substances are not capable of preventing the progressive destruction and restore the synthesis of phytochrome. Thus an abnormally high level of phytochrome is found only in etiolated seedlings. Such seedlings, on the other hand, are characterized by a very high rate of elongation growth. The role of phytochrome in the control of deetiolation of seedlings is discussed.

scholarly journals The Role of The Emotional Component in The Structure of Adolescents' Independence as a Condition of Their Personal Growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Daria Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Emotional Component ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

The article presents material on the importance of independence as a condition for personal growth of adolescents. Latest research on the development of adolescents’ independence are analyzed. The development of the emotional component in the structure of adolescents' independence, which is characterized by such criteria as self-esteem and anxiety, is considered. The prevalence of low self-esteem in girls has been established, which can lead to dependence on other people's opinions, self-doubt, depression and apathy. The boys have a predominance of a very high level of self-esteem, which can have negative consequences in the form of refusal to work on their further personal development and problems in relationships with others. A sharp drop in confidence at the end of adolescence was found. It is associated with the irreversibility of awareness of the end of childhood and taking full responsibility for the acts of adolescents. It is also determined that modern adolescents have a low level of anxiety. That means, that they do not feel emotional discomfort, which is associated with the expectation of a threat. But it could also mean that there was the presence of protective mechanisms and reluctance to talk about this topic. The importance of independence development in adolescence is showed.

THE CONTRIBUTION OF E. M. MELETINSKY TO THE CAUCASIAN EPOS STUDIES. ON THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH OF THE SCHOLAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-89
Author(s):  
Zurab D. Dzhapua ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High ◽  
Cultural Hero

The article analyses the contribution of Meletinsky to Caucasian epic studies. The role of Caucasian epic traditions in the study of the problem of the origins and the early forms of the epos is considered. A significant number of the comparative-typological studies of Meletinsky are based on the materials of mythoepic cultures of Caucasus mountain people. The scholar singled out the Caucasian epics, along with some other traditions, as the special early stage in the history of the epic. Meletinsky was one of the pioneers in the fundamental studies of the Caucasian Nart epics. Based on the analysis of materials available to him at that time, Meletinsky comes to the fundamental conclusions on the genre nature, national versions, images, subjects and motifs of the Nart epic. The scholar considered Sataney and Sasrykua to be the earliest characters in the epic, whose images clearly reflected the features of a cultural hero, especially in the close Abkhaz and Adyg versions. Furthermore, according to Meletinsky, the Transcaucasian legends about the chained heroes – Abkhaz Abryskil, Armenian Mger and Georgian Amiran – represent a kind of interweaving of mythological epic and heroic tales, in which the motives of cultural exploits are largely supplanted by episodes of the heroic struggle with Giants. In the studies of Meletinsky, the epic traditions of the people of the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia are subjected to the deepest analysis at a very high level of comparative studies.

scholarly journals Public perceptions of recycled water: a survey of visitors to the London 2012 Olympic Park

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Smith ◽  
P. Rutter ◽  
P. Jeffrey
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Water Recycling ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
London 2012 ◽  
Water Companies ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

The Old Ford Water Recycling Plant, operated by Thames Water, was used to supply non-potable recycled blackwater to some of the venues at the London 2012 Games. In an effort to learn from this experience, Thames Water commissioned a survey of visitors to the Olympic Park during the Games to explore public responses to the water recycling project. Results show a very high level of support for using non-potable recycled blackwater, both in public venues and in homes. Such findings may indicate a growing receptivity towards this technology, and show that Thames Water (and other private water companies) are well placed to encourage and even lead public discussion around the role of water reuse in the future of urban water supplies.

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