Minireview: Role of Salicylic Acid in Plant Abiotic Stress

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Yuan ◽  
Hong-Hui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Intracellular Signal ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Susceptibility

Salicylic acid (SA) plays many roles in plant physiology. Besides pathogenesis-related resistance, SA is involved in the response to abiotic stress. However, the effects of SA on plant resistance to abiotic stress were found contradictionary, and the actual role of SA in abiotic stress remains unresolved. Generally, deficiency of SA or a very high level of SA increase the plant susceptibility to abiotic stress. The optimal levels for the highest stress tolerance range from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm for most plants. But the role of SA at a certain level in moderate and severe abiotic stress may be different. This can be attributed to redox regulations in plant cells. In this paper, we discuss the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and SA, and propose a subsequent intracellular signal transduction network of SA and ROS under abiotic stress. Anti-stress substances besides antioxidant enzymes induced by SA are also summarized.

scholarly journals Research Progress of ATGs Involved in Plant Immunity and NPR1 Metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12093
Author(s):  
Shuqin Huang ◽  
Baihong Zhang ◽  
Wenli Chen
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Important Pathway ◽  
The Relationship

Autophagy is an important pathway of degrading excess and abnormal proteins and organelles through their engulfment into autophagosomes that subsequently fuse with the vacuole. Autophagy-related genes (ATGs) are essential for the formation of autophagosomes. To date, about 35 ATGs have been identified in Arabidopsis, which are involved in the occurrence and regulation of autophagy. Among these, 17 proteins are related to resistance against plant pathogens. The transcription coactivator non-expressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1 (NPR1) is involved in innate immunity and acquired resistance in plants, which regulates most salicylic acid (SA)-responsive genes. This paper mainly summarizes the role of ATGs and NPR1 in plant immunity and the advancement of research on ATGs in NPR1 metabolism, providing a new idea for exploring the relationship between ATGs and NPR1.

scholarly journals Salicylic Acid Accumulation Controlled by LSD1 Is Essential in Triggering Cell Death in Response to Abiotic Stress

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 962
Author(s):  
Maciej Jerzy Bernacki ◽  
Anna Rusaczonek ◽  
Weronika Czarnocka ◽  
Stanisław Karpiński
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Pr Genes ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Salicylic Acid Accumulation ◽  
Cell Death Phenotype ◽  
Insight Into

Salicylic acid (SA) is well known hormonal molecule involved in cell death regulation. In response to a broad range of environmental factors (e.g., high light, UV, pathogens attack), plants accumulate SA, which participates in cell death induction and spread in some foliar cells. LESION SIMULATING DISEASE 1 (LSD1) is one of the best-known cell death regulators in Arabidopsis thaliana. The lsd1 mutant, lacking functional LSD1 protein, accumulates SA and is conditionally susceptible to many biotic and abiotic stresses. In order to get more insight into the role of LSD1-dependent regulation of SA accumulation during cell death, we crossed the lsd1 with the sid2 mutant, caring mutation in ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE 1(ICS1) gene and having deregulated SA synthesis, and with plants expressing the bacterial nahG gene and thus decomposing SA to catechol. In response to UV A+B irradiation, the lsd1 mutant exhibited clear cell death phenotype, which was reversed in lsd1/sid2 and lsd1/NahG plants. The expression of PR-genes and the H2O2 content in UV-treated lsd1 were significantly higher when compared with the wild type. In contrast, lsd1/sid2 and lsd1/NahG plants demonstrated comparability with the wild-type level of PR-genes expression and H2O2. Our results demonstrate that SA accumulation is crucial for triggering cell death in lsd1, while the reduction of excessive SA accumulation may lead to a greater tolerance toward abiotic stress.

Career Plateau and Turnover Intention in Chinese Employees: Career Anchor as Moderator

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 757-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueran Wen ◽  
Liu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Career Anchor ◽  
Career Plateau ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

Based on a survey of 147 Chinese employees, we examined the relationship between perceived career plateau and turnover intention, and the moderating role of career anchor in challenge in this process. We hypothesized that perceived career plateau would be positively related to turnover intention, and that this relationship would be stronger in employees with a higher level of career anchor in challenge than in those with a lower level. The results showed that perceived career plateau had a strong positive relationship with turnover intention, especially in employees with a high level of career anchor in challenge. These findings have implications for research in career development and turnover intention, as well as in management practices.

scholarly journals Metabolomics, a Powerful Tool for Understanding Plant Abiotic Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 824
Author(s):  
Fredy P. Carrera ◽  
Carlos Noceda ◽  
María G. Maridueña-Zavala ◽  
Juan M. Cevallos-Cevallos
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Resistance Strategies ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Biochemical State ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress

Metabolomics is a technology that generates large amounts of data and contributes to obtaining wide and integral explanations of the biochemical state of a living organism. Plants are continuously affected by abiotic stresses such as water scarcity, high temperatures and high salinity, and metabolomics has the potential for elucidating the response-to-stress mechanisms and develop resistance strategies in affected cultivars. This review describes the characteristics of each of the stages of metabolomic studies in plants and the role of metabolomics in the characterization of the response of various plant species to abiotic stresses.

scholarly journals Expanding the breadth of Medicare: learning from Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 344-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Duckett
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Allied Health Professionals ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Division Of Powers ◽  
Medicare Programme ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High ◽  
Health Programmes

AbstractThe design of Australia’s Medicare programme was based on the Canadian scheme, adapted somewhat to take account of differences in the constitutional division of powers in the two countries and differences in history. The key elements are very similar: access to hospital services without charge being the core similarity, universal coverage for necessary medical services, albeit with a variable co-payment in Australia, the other. But there are significant differences between the two countries in health programmes – whether or not they are labelled as ‘Medicare’. This paper discusses four areas where Canada could potentially learn from Australia in a positive way. First, Australia has had a national Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme for almost 70 years. Second, there have been hesitant extensions to Australia’s Medicare to address the increasing prevalence of people with chronic conditions – extensions which include some payments for allied health professionals, ‘care coordination’ payments, and exploration of ‘health care homes’. Third, Australia has a much more extensive system of support for older people to live in their homes or to move into supported residential care. Fourth, Australia has gone further in driving efficiency in the hospital sector than has Canada. Finally, the paper examines aspects of the Australian health care system that Canada should avoid, including the very high level of out-of-pocket costs, and the role of private acute inpatient provision.

Role of Nitric Oxide in Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-154
Author(s):  
Gábor Feigl ◽  
Árpád Molnár ◽  
Dóra Oláh ◽  
Zsuzsanna Kolbert
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress

Does transformational leadership always matter in frontline service roles?

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keo Mony Sok ◽  
Phyra Sok ◽  
Lan Snell ◽  
Pingping Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Service Performance ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Employees ◽  
High Level ◽  
Frontline Service Employees ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Frontline Service

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of frontline service employees (FSEs) motivation (enjoyment of work and driven to work) and ability (customer service ability) in the relationship between TFL and employee service performance. Design/methodology/approach This is a survey-based study which involves 534 FSEs and 135 supervisors in a hair salon setting. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings Results show that TFL is significantly related to employee service performance; this relationship is enhanced with the presence of driven to work; yet, it is neutralized with the presence of enjoyment of work. Further, the three-way interaction of TFL, enjoyment of work and customer service ability as well as TFL driven to work, and customer service ability are negatively associated with employee service performance. Practical implications The results advance service managers’ understanding of the importance of FSEs motivation and ability if they are to fully reap the benefits from their FSEs. The role of leader is not always effective in all situations. FSEs with high level of enjoyment of work and customer service ability would least rely on the guidance and support from the supervisors. Originality/value This research is one of the first to examine the role of subordinate’s characteristics (motivation – enjoyment of work and driven to work and ability – customer service ability) as the key moderators in the relationship between TFL and employee service performance.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KEPEMIMPINAN KETUA KELOMPOK DENGAN KEEFEKTIFAN KELOMPOK TANI PADI SAWAH DI KECAMATAN SUKOHARJO KABUPATEN PRINGSEWU

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Kordiana K Rangga ◽  
Indah Listiana
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Group Leader ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Group Leaders ◽  
Test Rank ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><pre><em>                </em><em>Farmer groups are a forum for farmers to make it easier for farmers to carry out their farming, if the farmer group runs effectively in accordance with the goals of the group. Effective farmer groups cannot be separated from the role of group leaders. The head of the farmer group has an important role in supporting the group to achieve its group goals. Based on the background described, then </em><em>the purpose of this research are to know: the effectiveness of paddy farmer group; the leadership level of farmer group; and the relationship between leadership of farmer group leader with the effectiveness of farmer group in Sukoharjo Sub District of Pringsewu Regency. This research was conducted in Sukoharjo Sub District Pringsewu Regency, with 73 respondents of paddy farmer.  Data was collected by using survey method with descriptive analysis and using statistical non parametric test rank spearman correlation to test hypothesis.  The results showed that</em><em> paddy farmer group in </em><em>Sukoharjo Sub District had a high level of effectiveness, had a medium level of leadership of farmer group leader; and leadership of farmer group had significant relationship with farmer group effectiveness.  </em></pre><p> </p><p>Keyword:<em>  effectiveness, </em><em>farmer group</em><em>, leadership.</em></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Kelompok tani merupakan wadah bagi petani agar memudahkan petani dalam menajalankan usahataninya, jika kelompok tani berjalan secara efektif sesuai dengan tujuan kelompoknya. Kelompok tani yang efektif tidak terlepas dari peran ketua kelompok. Ketua kelompok tani memiliki peran yang penting dalam mendukung kelompok mencapai tujuan kelompoknya. Berdasarkan latar belakang yang telah diuraikan, maka tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui: keefektifan kelompok tani padi sawah; tingkat kepemimpinan ketua kelompok tani; dan hubungan antara tingkat kepemimpinan ketua kelompok tani dengan keefektifan kelompok tani padi sawah di Kecamatan Sukoharjo Kabupaten Pringsewu.  Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Sukoharjo Kabupaten Pringsewu, dengan 73 petani responden. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode survey, dengan anilisis deskriptif dan menggunakan uji statistik korelasi <em>rank spearman </em>non parametrik untuk menguji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelompok tani padi sawah memiliki tingkat keefektifan yang tinggi, memiliki tingkat kepemimpinan ketua kelompok yang sedang, dan kepemimpinan ketua kelompok tani memiliki hubungan yang nyata dengan keefektifan kelompok tani.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Adversity Quotient and Career Adaptability of Internship Nursing Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Annida Nur Shalihah ◽  
Kurniawan Yudianto ◽  
Nur Oktavia Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Nursing Student ◽  
P Value ◽  
Career Adaptability ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Response Profile ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High

A competitive job market is a challenge that needs to be faced by every university graduate. It is expected that every graduate has capability to keep face with expansion in job sectors. To be able to adapt to the job situation, a specific intelligence to face in facing every challenge and obstacle namely adversity quotient, is required. This study aimed to identify the correlation between adversity quotient (AQ) and career adaptability of internship nursing students. This study was descriptive correlational. Samples were recruited using a total sampling tecnique (n=142). Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of a demographic survey, an Adversity Response Profile (ARP) Quick TakeTM and a Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Rank Spearman correlation test. The result of this study indicated that no students were in quitter category, only 0,7% of them were in quitter to camper transition, 76,8% of them were campers, 21,8% of the students were in camper to climber transition, 0,7% of all respondents were climbers. No students had a very low career adaptability, only 1,4% of them had a low career adaptability, while the proportions of students with a high and very high career adaptability were 75,4% and 23,2 % respectively. No significant correlation was found between AQ and career adaptability (p value >0,05; Spearman’s ρ +0,122). It can be concluded that most of internship nursing students at Faculty of Nursing Universitas Padjadjaran were campers and had a high level of career adaptability. There was also no significant correlation between AQ and career adaptability. Further research needs to explore about contributing factors related to career adaptability in internship nursing students.Keywords: Adversity quotient, career adaptability, internship nursing student. Hubungan Adversity Quotient dan Adaptabilitas Karier pada Mahasiswa Profesi NersAbstrakDalam menghadapi pasar kerja yang semakin ketat, setiap lulusan universitas diharapkan memiliki kemampuan untuk menghadapi tantangan dan beradaptasi dengan perkembangan pada dunia kerja. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut diperlukan adanya kecerdasan dalam menghadapi setiap tantangan dan hambatan yang disebut adversity quotient (AQ). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan AQ dan adaptabilitas karier pada mahasiswa profesi ners. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif korelatif. Responden penelitian berjumlah 181orang mahasiswa program profesi ners angkatan 32 dan 33 di Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Padjadjaran yang di ambil dengan teknik total sampling dengan response rate 78,45%. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu Adversity Response Profile (ARP) Quick TakeTM dan Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan skoring ARP QuickTakeTM, skoring CAAS, serta uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak seorangpun responden yang berada pada kategori quitter, sebanyak 0,7% dari responden berada pada kategori transisi quitter ke camper, pada kategori camper sebanyak 76,8%, pada kategori transisi camper ke climber sebanyak 21,8%, dan pada kategori climber sebanyak 0,7%. Tidak ada mahasiswa dengan adaptabilitas karier sangat rendah, hanya 1,4% mahasiswa dengan adaptabilitas karier rendah, sedangkan mahasiswa dengan adaptabilitas karier tinggi dan sangat tinggi masing-masing proporsinya sebanyak 75,4% dan 23,2%. Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara AQ dan adaptabilitas karier (p value >0,05; Spearman’s ρ +0,122). Simpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu sebagian besar mahasiswa profesi ners Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Padjadjaran memiliki AQ dengan kategori camper dan memiliki adaptabilitas karier tinggi. Meskipun demikian, tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara AQ dan adaptabilitas karier. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan untuk melakukan penelitian terkait faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adaptabilitas karier pada mahasiswa profesi ners.Kata kunci: Adversity quotient, adaptabilitas karier, mahasiswa profesi ners.

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