scholarly journals Early diagnosis of cucumber plants resistance to low light

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
A. V. Kurepin ◽  
A. F. Pershin ◽  
V. N. Shevkunov
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Dependent Part ◽  
Measurable Parameter ◽  
Testing Site ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Selection Of

Relevance. When growing cucumbers in a greenhouse not equipped with additional lighting, especially in winter, there is a shortage of solar energy. To obtain high yields of cucumber at this time, it is necessary to select the most resistant to low light hybrids. The selection of genotypes resistant to this trait is a very important stage in the selection of cucumber for winter-spring turnover.The purpose of the study: search for an easy-to-use method for early diagnosis of cucumber resistance to insufficient illumination.Methods. The research was carried out at the variety testing site in the Gavrish Breeding Center (Krymsk city) of the Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Crop Breeding, in winter-spring turnover conditions, in greenhouses not equipped with artificial lighting. Seedlings were planted in a permanent place in the greenhouse during the period of the lowest arrival of solar radiation in the year on December 21. The measurement of the height of the main stem was carried out on 31 days after planting the plants in a permanent place.Results. Measuring the height of the main stem before fruiting showed a significant variation of this trait in different cucumber hybrids. Further study of the correlation of the height of the main stem and yield revealed their high dependence. This fact suggests that a fairly simple measurable parameter has been found for evaluating different cucumber genotypes on the basis of resistance to low light. Regression analysis made it possible to divide the variability of the studied genotypes by yield into a dependent part of the height of the main stem and an additional one, which makes up to 30% of the yield increase. Further analysis of the high-yielding group has a high breeding value.

Phytocenotic selection of perennial grasses as a factor of increasing the productivity of mixed agrophytocenoses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.N. Zolotarev ◽  
◽  
I.S. Ivanov ◽  
O.N. Lyubtseva
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Creation ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Selection Of

Based on the analysis of data available in the literature and our own experimental material on phytocenotic selection of the stony stalk (Bromopsis inermis Holub.) the important role of competition between plants in the field for the creation of new varieties of perennial grasses that provide high yields of feed polyvid agrophytocenoses is shown.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ СТАД СКОТА СИММЕНТАЛЬСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ ПО МОЛОЧНОЙ И МЯСНОЙ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. SIVKIN ◽  
N.V. STREKOZOV ◽  
V.I. CHINAROV
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Group I ◽  
Breeding Herd ◽  
Simmental Cattle ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Meat Type

В симментальской породе предусматривается разведение скота, сбалансировано сочетающего молочную и мясную продуктивность. Однако в практике совершенствования племенных стад в подборах быков доминируют улучшатели удоя, что во многом предопределяет результаты селекции и продуктивный тип животных. Объектом нашего исследования стало стадо чистопородного симментальского скота в условиях стойловой системы беспривязного и привязного содержания коров. Для изучения эффективности использования быков-производителей разного племенного достоинства сформировали 2 опытные группы: I состояла из бычков, полученных от отцов с племенной ценностью (ПЦ) по удою 100 кг и более, а во II с ПЦ от 0 до 100 кг молока. Симментальские бычки, отобранные для контрольного убоя, достигали весовых кондиций 500 кг и более в 17,5 мес при среднесуточном приросте 911 г. При использовании на маточном поголовье быков-производителей с улучшающим эффектом по удою 100 кг и более, их сыновья (I группа), на фоне более высоких суточных приростов (на 30 г) и раннем возрасте достижения живой массы 500 кг (на 18 дней) имели массу и выход туши на 21,4 кг и 2,7 ниже, чем у бычков II группы. При формировании молочно-мясного типа быки-производители с умеренной племенной ценностью по удою обеспечивали получение потомства, сочетающего молочную и мясную продуктивность в экономически значимых пропорциях.The Simmental breed provides for the breeding of cattle that combines milk and meat productivity in a balanced proportion. However, in the practice of improving breeding herds, the selection of bulls is dominated by milk yield improvers, which largely determines the results of selection and the productive type of animals. The object of our research was a breeding herd of purebred Simmental cattle in variety feeding and housing practices. To study the effectiveness of using bulls-producers of different breeding values, 2 experimental groups were formed: I consisted of bulls received from fathers with a breeding value (BV) of milk yield 100 kg or more, and II with a BV from 0 to 100 kg of milk. Simmental bulls selected for control slaughter reached weight standards of 500 kg or more in 17.5 months with an average daily increase of 911 g. When used on breeding of bulls with an improving effect on the yield of 100 kg or more, their sons (group I), against the background of higher daily gains (30 g) and an early age of reaching a live weight of 500 kg (18 days), had a mass and carcass yield of 21.4 kg and 2.7 lower than that of group II bulls. When forming a dairy-meat type, producing bulls with a moderate breeding value for milk yield provided for the production of offspring that combined dairy and meat productivity in economically significant proportions.

A simulation study of open nucleus and closed nucleus breeding systems in a sheep population

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Roden
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Sheep Population ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
Nucleus Breeding ◽  
Open Nucleus ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractStochastic simulation was used to compare the results of alternative breeding systems in a sheep population divided into 10 flocks of 120 ewes. The breeding systems compared were selection within closed flocks (CF), a closed nucleus system (CNS), an open nucleus system (ONS) and open nucleus systems with the selection of nucleus replacements being restricted to either nucleus born males (ONSRm) or nucleus born females (ONSRf). Selection was for a best linear unbiased prediction of breeding value for lamb live weight which had a heritability of 0·17. The open nucleus breeding systems (ONS, ONSRm, ONSRf) resulted in higher rates of genetic gain, more predictable selection responses and lower rates of inbreeding than either the closed nucleus system (CNS) or selection within closed flocks (CF). Initial genetic differences between flocks resulted in higher rates of genetic gain in the nucleus breeding systems due to the use of between flock genetic variance. In the ONS system up to 25% of nucleus sires and approximately 50% of nucleus dams were born in base flocks. Nevertheless if selection of either nucleus sires or dams was restricted to nucleus born animals there was very little change in genetic gain or rate of inbreeding.

scholarly journals Schätzung des Prüfniveaus metabolischer Merkmale beim Glukose-Toleranz-Test (GTT) an Jungbullen

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Panicke ◽  
E. Fischer ◽  
B. Fischer ◽  
R. Staufenbiel
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
One Year ◽  
Pedigree Breeding ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. Title of the paper: Level estimation of metabolic parameters in the glucose tolerance test (GTT) of young bulls The metabolic parameters of the glucose tolerance test are suitable for an additional recommendation for the valuation of the breeding bulls before the start of the offspring’s test could be given. Very important is the level of glucose half live to the begin of lactation of the cows. The other limit is the hyperglycemias greater than 10 mmol/l (or 180 mg/dl) in the glucose level in the blood. The glucose half live measured nearly 48 minutes is comparable in the 8th week post partum in lactation of cows with the young bulls in the age one year. Their combination with the pedigree breeding value is leading to increase of information, that could be utilised to the selection of improper bulls if the present results were confirmed.

scholarly journals Ultrasound evaluation of complications after cardiovascular surgery in pediatric patients: A case series

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Hosokawa ◽  
Sio Suzuki ◽  
Yutaka Tanami ◽  
Yumiko Sato ◽  
Yoshihiro Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Cardiovascular Surgery ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Early Initiation ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Selection Of

In contrast to computed tomography, ultrasound can be performed without radiation exposure, repeatedly performed by the patients’ bedside. Hence, in this case series, we describe the evaluation of complications including hematoma, superficialsurgical site infection, mediastinitis, and pseudoaneurysm associated mediastinitis using ultrasound in pediatric patients after cardiovascular surgery. To our knowledge, no previous reports have evaluated such complications using ultrasound. Ultrasound may be useful for the early diagnosis of these complications, and in the selection of subsequent examinations such as computed tomography, resulting in the early initiation of intervention.

scholarly journals Phosphorus Nutrition and Selection against Leaf Chlorosis Related to Powdery Mildew Resistance in Cucumber

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven P.C. Groot ◽  
Sierd Zijlstra ◽  
Johannes Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Phosphorus Nutrition ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
P Nutrition ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Selection Of

Powdery mildew-resistant (PMR) cultivars of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) grown in greenhouses in the Netherlands during winter show chlorosis on the full-grown leaves of the main stem. The symptoms are yellowing and occasional necrosis between the main veins of the leaves, resembling symptoms of P toxicity. Severity of the chlorosis may vary from one winter to another. Variation is also observed in the severity of the symptoms between cultivars and individual plants of a cultivar. High P nutrition results in an increase of the severity of chlorosis and provides a better discriminating environment for the selection of PMR genotypes that are less susceptible for leaf chlorosis.

THE APPLICATION OF A NEUTRON IDENTIFICATION CIRCUIT TO THE STUDY OF FAST-NEUTRON INTERACTIONS IN STILBENE

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 793-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Space Charge ◽  
Fast Neutron ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Light Output ◽  
Particle Spectrum ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Trigger Circuit ◽  
Equivalent Electron ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Α Particles

A neutron identification circuit is described which has a threshold corresponding to a neutron energy of about 350 kev (50–60 kev equivalent electron energy). The photomultiplier is operated under conditions of space-charge saturation. Selection of pulses due to recoil protons or heavier particles is accomplished by allowing the initial negative-going spike of the space-charge-limited pulse from the last dynode to activate a trigger circuit, the output of which is used to gate the subsequent positive portion of the dynode pulse for presentation to a simple diode discriminator. Separation of pulses due to recoil protons and to α particles is also possible to some extent.The circuit is applied to an investigation of fast-neutron interactions in stilbene. For the case of 14.85-Mev neutrons it is shown that the majority of pulses of low light-output are due to α particles produced by neutron interactions with the carbon and that structure is apparent in this α-particle spectrum. α-Particle groups due to the C12(n, α)Be9 reaction and to the breakup of C12 from its excited states at 7.656 Mev and 9.63 or 10.1 Mev are identified.

Selection of parents and estimation of genetic parameters using BLUP and molecular methods for lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) breeding program in Argentina

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
Carolina Bermejo ◽  
Federico Cazzola ◽  
Fernando Maglia ◽  
Enrique Cointry
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
High Yields

AbstractThe most important objective of lentil breeding programs is to develop new genotypes that are genetically more productive. Besides, it is necessary that the varieties obtained have short flowering cycles to allow the later sowing of summer crops. Selection is based through phenotypic means; however, we argue it should be based on genetic or breeding values because quantitative traits are often influenced by environments and genotype–environment interactions. The objectives of this study were to: (i) identify genotypes with the highest merit; (ii) estimate genetic parameters to know the genetic control of morphological traits in macrosperma and microsperma lentil types using best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP). Twenty-five recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from six F4 families selected on the basis of precocity and high yields were tested in four environments for important quantitative traits. The analysis of variance showed significant differences between genotypes, environments, and genotype–environment interactions for all the traits. Seven macrosperma- and two microsperma-type RILs were selected. Based on average ranking from breeding values and molecular data obtained with sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), the same genotypes were selected. Genotypic coefficients of variation, heritability across and by environment, and genetic correlation coefficients using BLUP were obtained. According to our results BLUP could replace molecular analysis methods because the selection process was simpler, more cost-effective, and more accurate. The breeding value of parents would give a better ranking of their genetic value than would their phenotypic value; therefore, the selection efficiency would be enhanced and the genetic gain would be more predictable. The selected genotypes could become potential commercial varieties or be used as parental lines in future hybridization programs.

scholarly journals Comparison of long-term selection responses of breeding policy in dairy herds

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 439-449
Author(s):  
P. Šafus ◽  
J. Přibyl
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Negative Selection ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Selection Intensity ◽  
Term Selection ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Selection Of

Genetic and economic responses to genetic gain were evaluated for these breeding arrangements: single use of bulls under testing; single and repeated use of proved bulls for two years and for three years (in combination with selection intensity 1%, 5% or 10% of the best bulls for the use of proved bulls); negative selection of cows in the herd &ndash; 10%, 20% or 30% of animals are discarded from reproduction and the animals are left in the herd and used for breeding by beef bulls; negative selection of first-calvers in the herd &ndash; 10%, 20% or 25% of animals are discarded for slaughter; discarding of heifers and purchase of animals with higher breeding value, and embryo transfer &ndash; a group of selected recipients accounts for 10%, 20% or 30% of the cows with lover breeding value in the dairy herds. Simulations for single use of breeding arrangements and their consequences over a fifty-year period were carried out for the above models using the gene flow method. Only minimum changes will occur since the 25<sup>th</sup> year of observation. A comparison of the particular models showed the highest gain of proved bulls selected from 1% of the best bulls whose cumulative genetic gain was 41.558 kg of milk proteins on average per cow for the whole observed period. Single use of bulls under testing in the herd resulted in the second highest cumulative genetic gain. Use of proved bulls selected with lower selection intensity (5% or 10%) had worse results. Culling of cows and discarding of first-calvers for slaughter led to lower genetic and economic contribution. The gain of embryo transfer was also lower; moreover, it is not economically advantageous for its very high costs, so it should not be used in production herds generally. High genetic and economic gain was recorded for replacement of all heifers by animals with higher breeding value from other populations. &nbsp;

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