Preparation of Economics Teachers in Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aigerim Kozhabergenova ◽  
Erika Kopp
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Economic Education ◽  
The State ◽  
School Level ◽  
Economic Literacy ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Economic

The current stage of the world development is characterized by the rapid changes in political, economic and social fields caused by scientific and technological progress and globalization with intensified competition in the global market. Entering the top 30 of the most competitive countries was set as one of the main directions of the state policy of Kazakhstan (Strategy “Kazakhstan-2050”, 2012). To increase the competitiveness of the country the government proposed implementation of the new model of the economic growth based on the development of human capital, stimulating of export-oriented production, strengthening the role of the private sector and comprehensive support for entrepreneurship – leading force of the national economy (Strategy “Kazakhstan-2050”, 2012; Kazakhstan Strategic Development Plan until 2025, 2017). Development of the human capital and entrepreneurship activity require the presence of the population that possess relevant knowledge and competencies. Therefore, today, the state pays more attention to economic literacy and the development of entrepreneurial competencies among the population already starting from the school level. In turn, the quality of economic training of students is largely determined by the competence and level of economic preparation of teachers. The implementation of the tasks of school economic education actualizes the need for qualified and competent economics teachers. Therefore, the issues of the preparation of the future economics teachers and the possibilities of the advanced training for the in-service teachers also become relevant. Thus, this study explores the state and main problems of preparing of pre-service and in-service economics teachers in Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Do Institutional Transplants Succeed? Regulating Raiffeisen Cooperatives in South India, 1930–1960

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Maanik Nath
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Financial Regulation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Rural Credit ◽  
Market State ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Rural Credit Market

The government in British-ruled India established cooperative banks to compete with private moneylenders in the rural credit market. State officials expected greater competition to increase the supply of low-cost credit, thereby expanding investment potential for the rural poor. Cooperatives did increase credit supply but captured a small share of the credit market and reported net losses throughout the late colonial and early postcolonial period. The article asks why this experiment did not succeed and offers two explanations. First, low savings restricted the role of social capital and mutual supervision as methods of financial regulation in the cooperative sector. Second, a political-economic ideology that privileged equity over efficiency made for weak administrative regulation.

Reversal of Fortunes: Transformations in State-NGO Relations in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 579-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamia Karim
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Nobel Peace Prize ◽  
Grameen Bank ◽  
Authoritarian Rule ◽  
Weak State ◽  
The Government ◽  
Relationship Of

In 2011, the government of Bangladesh began an investigation into the financial dealings of the Grameen Bank that won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006. This disciplining of a world-renowned institution and its founder by the state reconfigures the altered relationship between the state and NGOs in Bangladesh. This article investigates this about-face between the state and NGOs from the 1990s, when their relationship was characterized as ‘partners in development’, to the late 2000s when the state saw the leading NGOs and their leaders as potential political adversaries. In Bangladesh, the former relationship of a weak state vis-à-vis the powerful, western-funded NGO has been recalibrated. Under the present condition of authoritarian rule, the state is willing to accept the role of the NGO as a development actor but not as a political contender. This article examines this shifting relationship between the state and NGOs.

scholarly journals PERANAN NEGARA DAN HUKUM DALAM MEMBERANTAS KEMISKINAN DENGAN MEWUJUDKAN KESEJAHTERAAN UMUM

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Yohanes Suhardin
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
The Public ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Legal Product

AbstrakThe role of the state in combating poverty is very strategic. Combatingpoverty means to free citizens who are poor. The strategic role given thenational ideals (read: state) is the creation of public welfare. Therefore,countries in this regard the government as the organizer of the state musthold fast to the national ideals through legal product that is loaded withsocial justice values in order to realize common prosperity. Therefore, thenature of the law is justice, then in the context of the state, the lawestablished for the creation of social justice. Law believed that social justiceas the path to the public welfare so that the Indonesian people in a relativelyshort time to eradicate poverty.

scholarly journals PEMBEBASAN UTANG PAJAK DALAM RANGKA PENGAMPUNAN PAJAK

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Dwi Widia Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Debt Relief ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Tax Amnesty ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Expenditures

The role of taxes is very important in the state finances. Taxes become necessary in financing the expenditures of the state, especially the routine state expenditures. However, not infrequently there are taxpayer actions that cause in State losses. The condition is realized by the government so that the government issued Law Number 11 Year 2016 on Tax Amnesty. However, with the issuance of the Tax Forgiveness Law, it has resulted in various views in the community because for some obedient taxpayers, it is assumed that taxpayers are granted the convenience of their mistakes. So that does not reflect justice as one of the objectives of the law. Based on the issue, the authors will conduct further research on the legality of tax debt relief in the framework of tax forgiveness and the urgency of determining the tax forgiveness rule. This study is qualified as a normative juridical legal research with a type of legal research doctrinal using a statutory approach, and a conceptual approach. From this research, it is expected that the writer can analyze related to the legality of tax debt relief in the framework of tax forgiveness and the urgency of determining tax forgiveness rule.

scholarly journals Pembaruan Hukum Pencatatan Perkawinan di Indonesia Perspektif Maqasid Shari'ah

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Masruhan Masruhan
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Legal Action ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government

Abstract: The role of marriage registration (recording) is important particularly in maintaining and protecting the rights of individuals to prove the marriage implementation. Registration of marriage, therefore, is governed by various related rules or regulation. Unfortunately, the registration of marriage is only as a normative one. Meanwhile, most Muslims do not obey the law of marriages arranged by the state because the law is ambiguous, having multi interpretations and difficult to implement. In fact, there are many negative effects emerging from marriage under the hands such as not getting the marriage certificate, and husband, wife and their children not being able to perform civil legal action against the genetic father who has left them. Therefore, marriage under the hand must be prevented with preventive, curative and anticipative measures. In order to produce a law that can respond to the changing demands of time, place, conditions and welfare of the spouses, the maqa>s}id al - shari>ah approach (the purpose of the law) is eligible to apply . Therefore, the government should change the law of registration of marriages that are not relevant to the state of society so that society will feel suitable with the legal registration of the marriage.

scholarly journals Ideology and Pragmatism: Discourse Factors in Infrastructure Development in Indonesia’s Jokowi-JK Era

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Fredick Broven Ekayanta
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Dominant Discourse ◽  
Ernesto Laclau ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Government

The discussion about development discourse in a country talking about how an idea affect economic policies. In Indonesia, the development discourse continues to change depending on the ruling regime. After the reformation, the dominant discourse is a neoliberal one that minimizes the role of the state in development. During the reign of Jokowi-JK, however, the role of the state strengthened. The government plans to build a massive infrastructure of the physical economy. The government legitimized its choice of action as the implementation of the Pancasila and Trisakti ideologies. Using the theories of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, this article argues that the state legitimizes its policies as implementing ideology by building infrastructure development discourse, but covers only pragmatic practices that occur. The practices themselves are pragmatic because the government ignored the fate and rights of citizens affected by infrastructure development.

scholarly journals Evolution of the Concept of Citizenship in the Islamic Thought: An Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-141
Author(s):  
Osama Sami AL-Nsour
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Past ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
State And Society ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Relationship

The concept of citizenship is one of the pillars upon which the modern civil state was built. The concept of citizenship can be considered as the basic guarantee for both the government and individuals to clarify the relationship between them, since under this right individuals can acquire and apply their rights freely and also based on this right the state can regulate how society members perform the duties imposed on them, which will contributes to the development of the state and society .The term citizenship has been used in a wider perspective, itimplies the nationality of the State where the citizen obtains his civil, political, economic, social, cultural and religious rights and is free to exercise these rights in accordance with the Constitution of the State and the laws governing thereof and without prejudice to the interest. In return, he has an obligation to perform duties vis-à-vis the state so that the state can give him his rights that have been agreed and contracted.This paper seeks to explore firstly, the modern connotation of citizenship where it is based on the idea of rights and duties. Thus the modern ideal of citizenship is based on the relationship between the individual and the state. The Islamic civilization was spanned over fourteen centuries and there were certain laws and regulations governing the relationship between the citizens and the state, this research will try to discover the main differences between the classical concept of citizenship and the modern one, also this research will show us the results of this change in this concept . The research concludes that the new concept of citizenship is correct one and the one that can fit to our contemporary life and the past concept was appropriate for their time but the changes in the world force us to apply and to rethink again about this concept.

Challenges for the Internationalization of SMEs and the Role of Government: The Case of Malaysia

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariza Hashim
Keyword(s):  
International Market ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Market Knowledge ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Malaysian Government

SMEs presence is significant nowadays to most economies, particularly those from emerging countries. The internationalization of these firms is no longer an option; it is indeed necessary for them to follow the wave of globalization. Despite of their constraints, Malaysian SMEs are struggling to expand into the international market and compete internationally to sustain their foothold in the country. Various factors have forced SMEs in Malaysia to engage internationally, however the ventures are arduous to be accomplished independently. As a result, the Malaysian government has initiated various efforts in supporting them to stand in the international arena. Many agencies have been established and numerous programs have been developed to encourage SMEs internationalization. This study aims to unfold the challenges faced by SMEs from emerging countries in expanding internationally by examining the business environment in the country. The study finds that, despite various supports offered by the government, Malaysian SMEs continue to struggle in the global market due various factors including market knowledge, technological and skills capabilities, and products quality.

The Awakening Giant

2018 ◽  
pp. 171-200
Author(s):  
Patricia de Santana Pinho
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
State Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The State ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
African Heritage ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tourist Demand ◽  
Roots Tourism

The role of local governments in attracting roots tourists is one of most important factors analyzed in the studies of diaspora tourism. Governments of several countries have actively sought to promote varied forms of roots tourism in order to attract members of their respective diasporas. In contrast, African American roots tourism in Brazil is marked by the almost complete inaction of the government, at both the state and federal levels. This type of tourism was initiated and continues to develop largely as the result of tourist demand, and with very little participation on the part of the state. This chapter analyzes the belated response of the state government of Bahia to African American tourism, examining how the inertia that dominated since the late 1970s was later replaced by a more proactive, although still inadequate, position, when the state tourism board, Bahiatursa, founded the Coordination of African Heritage Tourism to cater specifically to the African American roots tourism niche. The chapter also analyzes whether the left-leaning Workers’ Party, then in charge of the state government, challenged the longstanding discourse of baianidade (Bahianness) that has predominantly represented blackness (in tourism and other realms) through domesticated and stereotypical images.

Between Laboratory and Leviathan: Technological Development and the Cyborg State

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Whitehead ◽  
Rhys Jones ◽  
Martin Jones
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Natural World ◽  
The State ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Political Machines ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Nature

To talk about technology when exploring the relationship between states and nature may seem paradoxical. The paradoxical nature of this assignment is twofold. First, many argue that to speak of the technological is to speak of the anti-political—here technology is understood not as something of the state, but as an external arena that can simultaneously be used by the government to verify its policies, or, if unchecked, undermine the governing capacities of politicians (Barry 2001: ch. 1). Others claim that technology is the antithesis of nature—if nature is the un-produced eternal substratum of existence, technology is a socio-cultural artefact, a fragment of produced nature and a mechanism for ecological transformation (Luke 1996). Despite this apparent conundrum, this chapter argues that technology provides a crucial basis upon which many of the interplays between the state and nature continue to be expressed. Within his recent book on the links between states, government, and technologies—Political Machines—Andrew Barry (2001: 9) suggests that we need to think of technologies in two related but distinct ways. He argues that our first recourse when considering technologies is often to technological devices—or those labour-saving and labour-enhancing gadgets, tools, instruments, and gizmos that make new socio-economic practices possible and speed-up existing exercises (see also Harvey 2002). Secondly, Barry discerns a broader understanding of technology, which incorporates a wider set of procedures, rules, and calculations in and through which a technological device is animated and put to use. In this chapter we explore the technological devices and supporting technological infrastructures through which the contemporary politics of state– nature relations are being played out. We interpret the role of technology within state–nature relations in two main ways. First, we explore the ways in which various technologies have been synthesized with and within the state apparatuses in order to enhance governments’ capacities to manage nature. The role of technology in facilitating the governance of nature can be conceived of at a number of levels. It can, for example, be related to a Marxist reading of technologies as tools/machines deployed in the physical transformation of the natural world (Harvey 2002: 534).

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