scholarly journals The link between self-efficacy and nutrition knowledge beliefs: Findings from South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 21` (01) ◽  
pp. 17330-17324
Author(s):  
NM Xazela ◽  
◽  
Willie Chinyamurindi ◽  
H Shava ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Nutrition Practices ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Individual Self ◽  
Nutrition Practice

Nutrition knowledge is an important factor leading to the promotion of good nutrition practice. Good nutrition practices can be linked to assisting,not only individuals,but also society in general to adopt healthy life-style practices that can prolong life. Calls exist within the literature for research that understands further how nutrition knowledge can be promoted at individual and community levels.Answering such research calls can also be the basis for useful practitioner interventions on the ground.Embedded within these calls is the need to also explore the role of individual-psychological factors on aspects of nutrition.Further, there is also need to pay attention to issues that affect the youth market,especially their attitudes towards issues related not only to nutrition practices but also nutrition knowledge. This research gives focus in determining the relationship between self-efficacy as an individual psychological factor and nutrition knowledge amongst a sample of youths residing in a rural community in South Africa. The study adopts a quantitative research approach using the survey design technique involving a sample of 150 youths residing in a rural community. The findings reveal two findings. First,concerning the age and gender,no significant effect existed with nutrition knowledge. Second, self-efficacy significantly predicted nutrition knowledge among the youth. Based on the findings, suggestions are made that promote and link individual self-efficacy beliefs to nutrition knowledge. At the core of this could be channels of expression through behaviour change and information acquisition as key conduits to promoting individual self-efficacy.Finally, practitioners on the ground can use the findings of the research as they implement targeted interventions that promote good nutrition practice. This can involve seeking ways that encourage the development of individual self-efficacy given its link (as found in this study) to nutrition knowledge.

scholarly journals Internships enhancing entrepreneurial intent and self-efficacy: Investigating tertiary-level entrepreneurship education programmes

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melodi Botha ◽  
Alex Bignotti
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Experiential Learning ◽  
South African ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intent

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Entrepreneurship education interventions are deemed effective when they enhance interns’ entrepreneurial intent (EI) and entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE). Notwithstanding the emergence of internship as an experiential learning approach in entrepreneurship education, evidence about their potential to foster EI and ESE lacks systemisation.</p><p><strong>Aim:</strong> The aim of this study was to determine whether internships enhance EI and ESE. Furthermore, to what extent South African tertiary institutions include internships in their entrepreneurship and management curricula and the obstacles to such inclusion.</p><p><strong>Setting:</strong> South Africa has made a concerted effort to insert an entrepreneurship component across tertiary curricula. The evolution of this entrepreneurship component to experiential learning approaches is, however, unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> A qualitative research approach was followed. Firstly, it reviewed empirical evidence for the positive relationship between internships and EI and ESE. Secondly, it conducted a survey of entrepreneurship and business management programmes at all 23 South African tertiary institutions and content analysed the retrieved information to determine whether such programmes include internships. Finally, 10 experts were interviewed to unveil the constraints inhibiting the inclusion of internships in tertiary curricula.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The results revealed empirical support for the positive influence of internships on both EI and ESE. Significant lack of inclusion of internships in tertiary curricula in South Africa emerged, owing mainly to administrative issues, curriculum re-design challenges, and lack of mentoring capacity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Tertiary-level entrepreneurship education programmes should include an internship component. The paper suggested that tertiary institutions pilot-test the inclusion of internships with a small number of students and a selected cohort of small business owners.</p>

scholarly journals Women’s Burden of Caring for Orphans: The bio-psychosocial and economic challenges for caregivers in a rural community in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 790-803
Author(s):  
Misheck Dube
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Women Caregivers ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Special Investigation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Orphan Care

The practical activity of orphan-care in Social Work has received unquestionable and resounding globally attention. However, the skewed care of orphans towards women and its associated bio-psychosocial and economic challenges in the rural communities deserves special investigation and analysis. This article discusses women’s burden of orphan-care and associated bio-psychosocial and economic challenges experienced by carers in Alice in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. Using a qualitative research approach and voluntary purposive sampling to ensure that carers of orphans were engaged in the study, individual face-to-face interviews were conducted to engage twenty caregivers. Data were analysed thematically and backed by existing literature.  The findings showed that women caregivers of orphans experienced a plethora of bio-psychosocial and economic issues when caring for orphans in the rural communities. The article makes relevant recommendations for the profession of Social Work and stakeholders of orphan-care. 

scholarly journals PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN PRAKTEK GIZI SERTA TINGKAT KONSUMSI IBU HAMIL DI KELURAHAN KERAMAT JATI DAN KELURAHAN RAGUNAN PROPINSI DKI JAKARTA

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiya Mawaddah ◽  
Hardinsyah Hardinsyah
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Level Energy ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Practice

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 12.75pt 6pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify;"><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;">The aim of this research is to understand the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nutrition and nutrient adequacy level (energy, protein, vitamin A, and Iron) of pregnant women. This research use</span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">d</span></em><em></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;">a cross sectional study design. Research location i</span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">mplemented</span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> sprinkle programme. The sample was taken purposively with criteria not the first pregnancy, the age of pregnancy is between 8-28 weeks, and they are willing to be interviewed. The number of samples that were chosen are 100 pregnant women. Data that were collected were analyzed descriptively and statistically. In general, part (26%) of pregnant women had low nutrition knowledge. More than a half (71%) of pregnant women had moderate nutrition attitude. A half (50%) of pregnant women had good nutrition practice. Based on Spearman analysis, there </span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">we</span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;">re significant correlation between education level and nutrition knowledge (r=0.35, p&lt;0.05), between nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude (r=0.34, p&lt;0.05), between nutrition knowledge and nutrition practice (r=0.266, p&lt;0.05). This research showed adequacy level of protein and iron </span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">we</span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;">re inadequate. Adequacy level of energy, protein, vitamin A, and iron pregnant women in Kramat Jati </span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">wa</span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s lower than Ragunan. Based on Spearman analysis there </span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">wa</span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s no correlation between nutrition knowledge and consumption rate of energy, protein, and iron. While there is significant correlation between nutrition knowledge of pregnant women and consumption rate of vitamin A. Adequacy level of energy </span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">wa</span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s affected by nutrition practice. Pregnant women with good nutrition practice had 16.7 times higher adequacy level of energy. Adequacy level of protein </span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">wa</span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s affected by family size and nutrition practice. Income, family size, and nutrition practice didn’t affect the adequacy level of iron pregnant women. Adequacy level of vitamin A </span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">wa</span></em><em><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s affected by nutrition practice.</span></em></p>

scholarly journals Determinants of Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Adolescent Sports Trainee: A Cross-sectional Study in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Bakhtiar ◽  
Masud-ur Rahman ◽  
Md Kamruzzaman ◽  
Nargis Sultana ◽  
Kh. Shafiur Rahaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Training ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Potential Factor ◽  
Nutrition Practice

Abstract Background Nutrition is an important predictor of an athlete’s performance. It is more important for particularly those athletes who are in the growing stage (adolescents). This study aimed to assess their current level of knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of nutrition and to predict potential factor impact on the level of these KAP. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescent trainee athletes selected conveniently from 11 sports departments (e.g. cricket, football, hockey etc.) of Bangladesh Krira Shikkha Protishtan (BKSP). A semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Anthropometric measurements (e.g. height, weight, BMI, BF %) were taken using appropriate methods. The data were analyzed using R (v3.6.1) and Python Jupyter Notebook. Descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and logistic regression were used to determine the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Results A total number of 260 participants were enrolled in this study. Among them, 86% were male. Their mean age was 15.50 ± 1.83 ranging from 12–19 years. More than half of the participants had good nutrition knowledge (n = 149, 57.3%). Fifty-six percent participants had negative attitude (n = 146) and 42.3% (n = 110) had poor level of practices regarding nutrition. Age (p = 0.007), gender (p = 0.004) and duration of sports training (p = 0.004) of participants were significantly associated with knowledge, while only age and BMI were significantly associated with practices. Athletes with less body fat were more likely to have good nutrition practice behavior (AOR 0.895; 95% CI 0.83, 0.96; p < 0.05) and nutrition knowledge was positively associated with nutrition practice (AOR 2.335; 95% CI 1.405, 3.88; p = 0.001). Conclusion Insufficient knowledge, negative attitude, and poor practices were observed among many of our participants. Previous nutrition training was found as potential factor of good nutrition knowledge and practice. It is necessary to provide appropriate nutrition information to the adolescent athletes through proper educational intervention on a regular basis.

Climate change impacts on water resources in a rural community in Limpopo province, South Africa: a community-based adaptation to water insecurity

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 587-598
Author(s):  
Sejabaledi Agnes Rankoana
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adaptation Practices ◽  
Community Based Adaptation

Purpose The study explored the impacts of climate change on water resources, and the community-based adaptation practices adopted to ensure water security in a rural community in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The participatory approach was used to allow community members to share their challenges of water scarcity, and the measures they have developed to cope with inconsistent water supply. Findings The study results show that the community obtains water for household consumption from the reticulation system supplied by Mutale River and the community borehole. These resources are negatively impacted by drought, change in the frequency and distribution of rainfall, and increased temperature patterns. The water levels in the river and borehole have declined, resulting in unsustainable water supply. The community-based adaptation practices facilitated by the water committee include observance of restrictions and regulations on the water resources use. Others involve securing water from neighbouring resources. Originality/value This type of community-based action in response to climate change could be used as part of rural water management strategies under climate change.

scholarly journals Engineering students’ attitudinal beliefs by gender and student division: a methodological comparison of changes over time

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison E. Andrews ◽  
Anita D. Patrick ◽  
Maura Borrego
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Value Engineering ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Utility Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Students’ attitudinal beliefs related to how they see themselves in STEM have been a focal point of recent research, given their well-documented links to retention and persistence. These beliefs are most often assessed cross-sectionally, and as such, we lack a thorough understanding of how they may fluctuate over time. Using matched survey responses from undergraduate engineering students (n = 278), we evaluate if, and to what extent, students’ engineering attitudinal beliefs (attainment value, utility value, self-efficacy, interest, and identity) change over a 1-year period. Further, we examine whether there are differences based on gender and student division, and then compare results between cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses to illustrate weaknesses in our current understanding of these constructs. Results Our study revealed inconsistencies between cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of the same dataset. Cross-sectional analyses indicated a significant difference by student division for engineering utility value and engineering interest, but no significant differences by gender for any variable. However, longitudinal analyses revealed statistically significant decreases in engineering utility value, engineering self-efficacy, and engineering interest for lower division students and significant decreases in engineering attainment value for upper division students over a one-year period. Further, longitudinal analyses revealed a gender gap in engineering self-efficacy for upper division students, where men reported higher means than women. Conclusions Our analyses make several contributions. First, we explore attitudinal differences by student division not previously documented. Second, by comparing across methodologies, we illustrate that different conclusions can be drawn from the same data. Since the literature around these variables is largely cross-sectional, our understanding of students’ engineering attitudes is limited. Our longitudinal analyses show variation in engineering attitudinal beliefs that are obscured when data is only examined cross-sectionally. These analyses revealed an overall downward trend within students for all beliefs that changed significantly—losses which may foreshadow attrition out of engineering. These findings provide an opportunity to introduce targeted interventions to build engineering utility value, engineering self-efficacy, and engineering interest for student groups whose means were lower than average.

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