scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DO MARCO REGULATÓRIO NA PRODUÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS FITOTERÁPICOS NO BRASIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Sônia Cristina Dantas de Brito ◽  
Waldecy Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Exotic Plants ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Law ◽  
Production Change ◽  
Native Herbs

Resumo: Para analisar a legislação para fitoterápicos no Brasil e as mudanças propostas com o Projeto de Lei n.o 3381/2004, que tenta modernizá-la, foi utilizado o Delphi Eletrônico, que busca o consenso de opiniões entre especialistas na área. Assim, foram aplicados 100 questionários e, a partir dos resultados, foi possível constatar que a atual legislação é uma das maiores barreiras do setor, devido às exigências e altos custos com pesquisas, assim como a falta de estudo sobre as plantas nativas, o que privilegia a entrada de plantas exóticas no país. A falta de informação, descrédito e desconfiança dos profissionais prescritores, também, têm prejudicado o setor. A pesquisa conclui, portanto, que se o Projeto de Lei for aprovado, trará mudanças positivas como: influência no comportamento das indústrias brasileiras, aumentando sua produção; alteração na localização geográfica das indústrias deste setor, causando a descentralização; aumento na utilização de plantas nativas que, consequentemente, ocasionará a diminuição nos níveis de importação.Palavras-chave: Plantas Medicinais, fitoterápicos, legislação.EVALUATION OF THE REGULATORY MARK IN THE PRODUCTION OF PHYTOTHERAPEUTIC MEDICINES IN BRAZILAbstract: To analyze the legislation of phytotherapeutic in Brazil and the changes proposed by the Law Project 3381/2004, that tempts to modernize it, was utilized the Electronic Delphi, that looks for opinion consensus among specialists of the area. Therefore, one hundred questionnaires were applied and the results discovered that the current legislation is one of the biggest limits to the production chain, due to the exigencies and high costs with researches, as well as the lack of study about native herbs, that makes easier the entrance of exotic plants in the country. The lack of information, discredit and suspicion of the prescriber professionals, also, have prejudiced of the area. Concludes that if the Law Project comes to be approved, it will bring positive changes like: influence in the behavior of Brazilian industries, increasing its production; change of geographical place of the industries of this sector, causing decentralization; improve the use of native herbs that, consequently will cause a decrease in the importation levels.Key words: Medicinal plants, phytotherapeutics, legislation.

scholarly journals Consumption, preferences and habits of purchasing consumers of peaches and nectarines

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gener Augusto Penso ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Magalhães Dos Santos ◽  
Cláudio Horst Bruckner ◽  
Jussara Cristina Firmino da Costa ◽  
Idemir Citadin
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Google Docs ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Yellow Flesh

Abstract In Brazil, there are few studies and information available on consumer preferences for peaches and nectarines. This lack of information, has hindered some aspects of the production chain, as the choice and exploitation of more appropriate cultivars, offer periods, adoption of marketing and marketing strategies, consequently affecting the availability and commercialization of fruits. This study aimed to analyze the consumer preference of peaches and nectarines, evaluate the traits observed for their acquisition, and the marketplace where they are preferably purchased. The research was carried out from November 2016 to February 2017, using the descriptive research methodology, by Survey method and Web 2.0. A structured questionnaire was applied with closed questions. An online form questionnaire was prepared using the Google docs application and also distributed online, through the internet social Medias. 610 people participated in the survey, with predominance of consumers living in the South and Southeast regions of the country, in the age groups of 21 to 30 years old, with a predominance of female participants. Consumption is mainly in the in natura form, and often predominates certain times a year. Consumers buy these fruits mainly in the supermarkets/hypermarkets. The consumers of peaches and nectarines in Brazil have a higher preference for fruits with yellow flesh and red epidermis, followed by fruits with white flesh and intense red epidermis, both preferably with free stone. The main criteria for the acquisition of peaches and nectarines in Brazil are fruit appearance (presence and/or absence of defects, bruises, etc.); followed by price, color of epidermis and fruit size.

scholarly journals <i>Campylobacter</i> spp.: Risk factor analysis in fattening pig farms

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-259
Author(s):  
T. Wehebrink ◽  
N. Kemper ◽  
E. Grosse Beilage ◽  
J. Krieter
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Space Design ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Sources Of Infection ◽  
Campylobacter Spp ◽  
Quantitative Importance

Abstract. There is a lack of information about the prevalence and origins of the important zoonotic pathogen Campylobacter spp. in the different stages of the pig production chain. The aim of this study was to gather further information about the sources of infection with Campylobacter spp. and their qualitative and quantitative importance in pig production. For statistical analysis, 1,040 results from the bacteriological examination for Campylobacter spp. were evaluated with questionnaires from four farrowing and twelve fattening units. The prevalence was determined via faeces and swab samples with regard to certain farm production parameters. Thereby 30.8% of the sows and 80.9% of their piglets were carriers of Campylobacter spp.. In the fattening unit, the prevalence at the beginning of the fattening period was 89.2% and at the end 64.7%. As a result of the small sample size in the farrowing unit it was not possible to perform a risk analysis which yielded significant conclusions. In the fattening stage, the following risk factors had a significant effect (p≤0.05) on Campylobacter spp. prevalence: sampling time, number of fattening places per herd, mixed farming, floor space design, feed origin, antibacterial and anthelmintic treatment. These results show that housing and management have a possible influence on the Campylobacter spp. prevalence and should be investigated further.

scholarly journals Waiting for the Flowers

2018 ◽  
pp. 155-167
Author(s):  
George Argent
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Exotic Plants ◽  
Royal Botanic Garden ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
The World

Since the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) was established in 1670 as a collection of medicinal plants, taxonomy has been at its heart. Even before the publication of Linnaeus’s Species Plantarum it was important to establish the correct identity of medicinal plants for use by the doctors of the day. Over the years the location and focus of the Garden have evolved to serve many and varied functions. Taxonomy, however, has continued to play a key role in preserving the special nature of RBGE as a ‘botanic garden’. From the earliest years exotic plants were introduced to the Garden, giving it an international flavour, and this has continued with staff today collaborating with many different gardens and botanical institutions around the world. For over 300 years living plants have been brought to the Garden, grown to maturity and described. Many of the early novelties came from North America and China, especially gymnosperms and rhododendrons. Today, much of our effort is focused on plants from areas that are botanically rich but poorly known, such as the Malesian region, and on families Begoniaceae, Gesneriaceae, Ericaceae and Zingiberaceae. The expertise and ingenuity of the horticultural staff have been essential in cultivating unknown species and bringing them into flower so that they can be scientifically described. This has been aided by an enlightened policy of including horticulturists on collecting expeditions so that their knowledge can be used to bring plants back in good health but also to better understand the natural conditions in which they grow so that the plants can be grown to perfection in Edinburgh.

scholarly journals Investigation on the use of chloramphenicol and amoxicillin in snakehead fish (Channa maculata) farming and analysis of those antibiotic residue in muscle samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
Thao V. Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Survey Result ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Law ◽  
High Level ◽  
Antibiotic Residue

The use of drugs and chemicals in aquaculture has been increased surprisingly due to the fact that it has been moving from low to high level of intensification. However, there is lack of information in snakehead fish farming. The study was conducted by interviewing 65 farmers in Dinh Quan, Trang Bom, and Bien Hoa, Dong Nai province to provide sufficient information on the use of chloramphenicol (CAP) and amoxicillin (AMX) in snakehead fish farming. Interview results showed that no employment of the 2 antibiotics in prevention of diseases. However, CAP was currently applied to treat diseases at a concentration of 50.04 and 100.0 g/ton of fish in Bien Hoa and Trang Bom, respectively despite it was banned in aquaculture according to the law. AMX restricted to use was employed when fish got sick at 59.62, 91.49, and 89.58 g/ton of fish in Dinh Quan, Bien Hoa and Trang Bom, respectively. In contrast to field survey result, LC-MS/MS analysis of 3 fish muscle samples randomly collected at each place around 14 days before and on the day of harvesting indicated that no residue of concerned antibiotics was detected. The present study suggests that farmers currently apply antibiotics including banned antibiotics in fish but have initially raised awareness of the use of antibiotics, evidenced by the fact that they were only used when needed. Hence, the management and extension should be intensively promoted for a legal use of antibiotics and other chemicals.

The Tenure of Cabinet Officers

1948 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-532
Author(s):  
Everett S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Public Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Civilian Life ◽  
Interesting Fact ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Legal Term ◽  
Considerable Confusion ◽  
Presidential Succession ◽  
The Law ◽  
Secretary Of War

Section 202(a) of Public Law 253 of the 80th Congress, 1st Session, approved July 26, 1947, provides that “there shall be a Secretary of Defense, who shall be appointed from civilian life by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.” Section 311 of the same act amends the Presidential Succession Act, approved July 18, by striking out “Secretary of War” and inserting in lieu thereof “Secretary of Defense,” and striking out “Secretary of the Navy.”The effect of these changes is to elevate the Secretary of Defense to a position in the President's cabinet and to provide for his possible succession to the presidency. The law gives authority for his appointment, but says nothing about his term of office. This raises a question concerning which there is considerable confusion and lack of information. Specifically, what is the term of office of heads of the executive departments, i.e., those who compose the President's cabinet?If one turns to the more recently established executive departments—those of Commerce and Labor—he reads that in each case the Secretary's “term and tenure of office shall be like that of the heads of the other executive departments.” Further research discloses the interesting fact that only one of the other executive heads has a legal term. This is the Postmaster General. In his case, the law provides that “the term of the Postmaster General shall be for and during the term of the President by whom he is appointed, and for one month thereafter, unless sooner removed.”

Exploration and characterization of bioactive phytochemicals in native Canadian plants for human health

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1045-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Tsao ◽  
Zhongying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Native Canadian ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Potential Use

The boundary between medicine and food is not always clear in many ancient cultures. Many plants have traditionally been used in both culinary and healing practices. Herbs, in particular, have shown this dual functionality. Scientific information on herbal medicines has been limited to exotic plants, and only a few herbal plants native to, or grown in, Canada, such as American ginseng, Echinacea, St. John’s wort and feverfew, have been studied. Thorough investigations have not been carried out, and there is a lack of information about native Canadian plants and their potential as medicinal plants, particularly in terms of their chemical composition, biological activity and potential use for disease prevention. Also, from the marketing point of view, many of the existing herbs have only a small niche in the marketplace, so over production and consequent price depression can easily happen, as seen in the ginseng industry. There is obviously a need for multidisciplinary collaboration among herbalists, botanists, chemists and other scientists, since introducing native plants into mass production requires knowledge of environmental impact, genetic variability and the effects of other factors on the bioactive components. This review is intended to introduce the needs, techniques and challenges of such an approach with an emphasis on chemical and biochemical characterizations. Key words: Phytochemicals, native plants, medicinal plants, aboriginal plants

scholarly journals The pesticide applicator profile of São José dos Quatro Marcos - MT

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Cláudia Villar dos Santos ◽  
Adriana Mascarette Labinas
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Insufficient Information ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Pesticide Applicator ◽  
Final Destination ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
And Training

 In order for the correct final destination of empty pesticide packaging to occur, the participation of the entire production chain, from the manufacturer, shopkeeper to the users (farmers) must be involved. The legislation is very clear and demanding about correct disposal, but control is sometimes flawed, and incorrect disposal occurs which can poison humans and contaminate water bodies and animals. This is likely due to lack of information and training or even insufficient information. Thus, the objective of this research was to diagnose the behavior of a group of farmers from São José dos Quatro Marcos (MT) regarding the correct disposal of empty pesticide packages, through semi-structured interviews and bibliographic research. We conclude that the educational level of farmers could be one of the major factors interfering with their knowledge of pesticides, causing this lack of prior knowledge to result in actions understood as being commonplace when working with pesticides.

scholarly journals The Role of Counselors in the Development of Career Planning for Youth Inmates

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afdal Afdal ◽  
Elviana Elviana ◽  
Alizamar Alizamar
Keyword(s):  
Career Planning ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
Criminal Punishment ◽  
Negative Direction ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Law

Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. During the course of developmental tasks, teenagers often fall into the negative direction that causes them to commit acts that violate the law so that sanctions in the form of criminal punishment. One of the developmental tasks traversed by teenagers is the task of selecting and planning future jobs/careers. However, the conditions faced by teenagers inside the Prison are very complicated. Lack of information about careers that can be inmates in their teens, this makes it difficult for them to make career planning in the future. This paper discusses the role of counselor in helping career planning for inmates in their teens.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF INCREASED ORIGINAL INCOME REGISTERED TO TOURISM CITY BOGOR AND DISTRICT BOGOR

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novi Liana
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Regional Income ◽  
Weak Supervision ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Law

The identification of this research are: 1) How to optimize the increase of local revenue related to tourism of Bogor City and Bogor Regency?; 2) What factors can lead to an increase in the original revenues associated with tourism Bogor City and Bogor Regency ?The research method used in this study is a normative juridical approach, namely the law is conceptualized as norms, rules, principles or dogmas/jurisprudence. The results of this research are: 1) In optimizing the source of Original Regional Income Bogor City and Bogor Regency has made several actions or steps, namely to socialize, improve professionalism of employees, provide facilities and infrastructure, and use information technology for services; 2) There are many factors that influence the implementation of local retribution collection in the increase of Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD), among others: Legal instruments in the regions, officers are more likely to use persuasive approach and tolerance in law enforcement, Lack of information and socialization of the dynamics of tax policy regional and regional levies that can cause less awareness of citizens to immediately pay taxes and levies when near maturity, Still weak supervision including intruments, thus causing not optimal achievement of realization in accordance with targets that have been set.Keywords: Optimization, Local Revenue, Tourism

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