scholarly journals Region as a factor changes on a Global Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Miroslaw Przygoda
Keyword(s):  
Global Scale ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
Fixed Direction ◽  
Specific Direction ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Face ◽  
Efficient Integration ◽  
Whole Word ◽  
Regional Authorities

The term "region" originating from a Latin word: regio, has two meanings in itself in terms of etymology – first, it is a movement in a fixed direction, and the second one denotes space. Combination of both results in: “movement in a fixed direction, which defines space”. The meaning generally relating to the area, has over time dominated the vernacular understanding of the whole word. Currently, the concept is in principle used to exclusively describe a given territory. However, nowadays, the return to the primeval meaning of the word seems to be more and more justified as well as there should be more attention paid to changes in the specific direction which result from transformations taking place within regions. For a long time, regions were most of all and exclusively treated as the largest units of administrative division of individual countries. The most important subject within the pursued regional policy was a fast and efficient integration of areas indicating development inequalities. The particular attention was paid in this scope to equalize cultural distinctions and the level of their economic growth. Despite the multi-billion expenditure, the established goals have not been fully achieved. Progressing globalization have allowed local authorities to go beyond the narrow framework of inland structures. Currently, the regional authorities have become an essential factor and entity of policies in transnational dimension. In many cases, it has become the cause to radicalize social attitudes. In extreme cases, increase in importance of regions has resulted in local disputes of economic and political nature, and in some situations it has even led to military conflicts. It is to be assumed that we are witnesses to a broader phenomenon which may disturb the fragile balance created on international arena still in the second half of the 20th century. Attempts of specific regions emphasizing their autonomy to achieve greater or even total independence, are currently taking place in nearly every corner of the world. In turn, the lack of flexibility of national authorities in the face of demands placed by local communities creates a dangerous situation of an outbreak of new conflicts on a larger than local scale. With interest in inciting unrest and with active engagement of some world powers, it may lead to geopolitical changes on a great scale. Regions, as a simple tool remaining in specific hands, may in this manner become a factor of serious and dangerous transformations in an international dimension.

The Many Faces of Socioeconomic Change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Toye
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
First Century ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Face ◽  
Scientific Expertise ◽  
The Many ◽  
Century Development

This book provides a survey of different ways in which economic sociocultural and political aspects of human progress have been studied since the time of Adam Smith. Inevitably, over such a long time span, it has been necessary to concentrate on highlighting the most significant contributions, rather than attempting an exhaustive treatment. The aim has been to bring into focus an outline of the main long-term changes in the way that socioeconomic development has been envisaged. The argument presented is that the idea of socioeconomic development emerged with the creation of grand evolutionary sequences of social progress that were the products of Enlightenment and mid-Victorian thinkers. By the middle of the twentieth century, when interest in the accelerating development gave the topic a new impetus, its scope narrowed to a set of economically based strategies. After 1960, however, faith in such strategies began to wane, in the face of indifferent results and general faltering of confidence in economists’ boasts of scientific expertise. In the twenty-first century, development research is being pursued using a research method that generates disconnected results. As a result, it seems unlikely that any grand narrative will be created in the future and that neo-liberalism will be the last of this particular kind of socioeconomic theory.

scholarly journals Maintaining paediatric cardiac services during the COVID-19 pandemic in a developing country in sub-Saharan Africa: guidelines for a “scale up” in the face of a global “scale down”

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1588-1594
Author(s):  
Ogochukwu J. Sokunbi ◽  
Ogadinma Mgbajah ◽  
Augustine Olugbemi ◽  
Bassey O. Udom ◽  
Ariyo Idowu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
The Face ◽  
Scale Down ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
International Experts

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic is currently ravaging the globe and the African continent is not left out. While the direct effects of the pandemic in regard to morbidity and mortality appear to be more significant in the developed world, the indirect harmful effects on already insufficient healthcare infrastructure on the African continent would in the long term be more detrimental to the populace. Women and children form a significant vulnerable population in underserved areas such as the sub-Saharan region, and expectedly will experience the disadvantages of limited healthcare coverage which is a major fall out of the pandemic. Paediatric cardiac services that are already sparse in various sub-Saharan countries are not left out of this downsizing. Restrictions on international travel for patients out of the continent to seek medical care and for international experts into the continent for regular mission programmes leave few options for children with cardiac defects to get the much-needed care.There is a need for a region-adapted guideline to scale-up services to cater for more children with congenital heart disease (CHD) while providing a safe environment for healthcare workers, patients, and their caregivers. This article outlines measures adapted to maintain paediatric cardiac care in a sub-Saharan tertiary centre in Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic and will serve as a guide for other institutions in the region who will inadvertently need to provide these services as the demand increases.

scholarly journals Validation of GPM Rainfall and Drop Size Distribution Products through Disdrometers in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2081
Author(s):  
Elisa Adirosi ◽  
Mario Montopoli ◽  
Alessandro Bracci ◽  
Federico Porcù ◽  
Vincenzo Capozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Drop Size ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Drop Size Distribution ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Active Sensor ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Global Precipitation

The high relevance of satellites for collecting information regarding precipitation at global scale implies the need of a continuous validation of satellite products to ensure good data quality over time and to provide feedback for updating and improving retrieval algorithms. However, validating satellite products using measurements collected by sensors at ground is still a challenging task. To date, the Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) aboard the Core Satellite of the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission is the only active sensor able to provide, at global scale, vertical profiles of rainfall rate, radar reflectivity, and Drop Size Distribution (DSD) parameters from space. In this study, we compare near surface GPM retrievals with long time series of measurements collected by seven laser disdrometers in Italy since the launch of the GPM mission. The comparison shows limited differences in the performances of the different GPM algorithms, be they dual- or single-frequency, although in most cases, the dual-frequency algorithms present the better performances. Furthermore, the agreement between satellite and ground-based estimates depends on the considered precipitation variable. The agreement is very promising for rain rate, reflectivity factor, and the mass-weighted mean diameter (Dm), while the satellite retrievals need to be improved for the normalized gamma DSD intercept parameter (Nw).

scholarly journals Methodical approaches to the evaluation of surface pollution of water objects in the area of mining enterprises (on the example of Donetsk-Pridniprovsk region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Olena Voloshkina ◽  
Olena Zhukova ◽  
Irina Korduba ◽  
Daniil Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Long Time

The most important component of ecologically safe development of natural and socio-economic systems is the use of nature, which involves the organization of water resources, which ensures sustainable development and for a long time retains sufficient water potential. The ХХІ century is characterized by significant negative changes in the natural environment caused by the uncontrolled use of natural resources, the development of industry and transport, which leads to increased water consumption and at the same time increase its pollution. This has been particularly noticeable over the last 50 years, when human impact on the planet's water cycle has reached a global scale. Deterioration of the ecological condition of surface waters is due to qualitative and quantitative depletion of factors of their formation, which in some cases makes it impossible to use them for economic purposes. Water quality of water bodies is formed under the influence of both natural and anthropogenic factors. As a result of human activity in reservoirs many anthropogenic substances of various degree of toxicity can arrive. The article attempts to assess changes in surface water quality over the past decade and to determine the degree of natural and man-made transformation of rivers in the region and the possibility of their self-restoration and stabilization of the ecological danger of the region. The existing methods of assessment of water bodies by chemical indicators used in the area of operation of mining enterprises are considered. In some methods, the assessment of water bodies usually reflects regional features rather than their own pollution. Calculations for the water basin river Siverskyi Donets are made and relevant patterns are established.

Kyoto Cuisine Gone Global

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg de St. Maurice
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Food ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Local Difference ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Culinary Knowledge ◽  
Food Economy

In the face of globalization, chefs in Kyoto, Japan have worked to protect local food culture and revive the local food economy. Their actions do not constitute “resistance,” nor are they simply signs of the persistence of local difference in the context of large-scale changes. Drawing primarily on interviews I conducted with prominent chefs of “traditional” Kyoto cuisine and participant observation at events related to Kyoto cuisine, this article examines chefs’ approaches to outside influence and promotion efforts abroad. I pay specific attention to the incorporation of new foreign ingredients into Kyoto cuisine and new efforts to share culinary knowledge with foreign chefs, namely the establishment of a work visa system and the creation of a cookbook series targeted at professional chefs abroad. Kyoto's chefs, this article demonstrates, have been strategically engaging with globalization, actively refashioning the local to try to control it at a global scale.

scholarly journals Evaluation of spatial-temporal variation performance of ERA5 precipitation data in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donglai Jiao ◽  
Nannan Xu ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Ke Xu
Keyword(s):  
Observational Data ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Precipitation Trend ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Precipitation Data ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Data Assessment ◽  
Long Time

AbstractERA5 is the latest fifth-generation reanalysis global atmosphere dataset from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, replacing ERA-Interim as the next generation of representative satellite-observational data on the global scale. ERA5 data have been evaluated and applied in different regions, but the performances are inconsistent. Meanwhile, there are few precise evaluations of ERA5 precipitation data over long time series have been performed in Chinese mainland. This study evaluates the temporal-spatial performance of ERA5 precipitation data from 1979 to 2018 based on gridded-ground meteorological station observational data across China. The results showed that ERA5 data could capture the annual and seasonal patterns of observed precipitation in China well, with correlation coefficient values ranging from 0.796 to 0.945, but ERA5 slightly overestimated precipitation in the summer. Nonetheless, the results also showed that the accuracy of the precipitation products was strongly correlated with topographic distribution and climatic divisions. The performance of ERA5 shows spatial inherently across China that the highest correlation coefficient values locate in eastern, Northwestern and North China and the lowest biases locate in Southeast China. This study provides a reliable data assessment of the ERA5 data and precipitation trend analyses in China. The results provide accuracy references for the further use of precipitation satellite data for hydrological calculations and climate numerical simulations.

scholarly journals Can Global Capitalism Endure?

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-41
Author(s):  
William I. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Policy Coordination ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
First Century ◽  
Financial Conglomerates ◽  
System A ◽  
Long Run ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
The Face

El período comprendido entre 2008 y la tercera década del siglo XXI se caracteriza por una crisis prolongada para el capitalismo global, tanto estructural como política, que se ha visto agravada por la pandemia del coronavirus. La era de la globaliza-ción ha supuesto una transformación radical en curso en las modalidades de producción y apropiación de plusvalía. Existe una imparable concentración y centralización extrema del capital a escala global en los conglomerados financieros que a su vez actúan para en-trelazar toda la masa del capital global. Ahora el sistema está experimentando una nueva ronda de reestructuración y transformación basada en una digitalización mucho más avanzada de toda la economía y la sociedad global. Los agentes del capitalismo global están intentando adquirir para el sistema una nueva oportunidad de reproduccióna través de esta reestructuración digital y mediante la reforma que algunos entre la élite global están defendiendo frente a las presiones masivas desde abajo. Másallá de la coordinación de políticas transnacionales entre estados, el poder estructural que la clase capitalista transnacional puede ejercer desde arriba sobre aquellos socavará la reforma a menos que haya una contramovilización masiva del poder desde abajo. Si alguna reforma reguladora o redistributiva llega a concretarse, la reestructuración puede, dependiendo de la correlaciónde fuerzas sociales y de clase, desencadenar una nueva ronda de expansión productiva que atenúe la crisis. Sin embargo, a largo plazo, sin una reforma más profunda que la que se vislumbra actualmente en el horizonte, es díficil observar cómo el capitalismo global podría continuar reproduciéndose. The period from 2008 into the third decade of the twenty-first century has been one long protracted crisis for global capitalism, as much structural as political, that has been aggravated by the coronavirus pandemic. The era of globalization has involved an ongoing radical transformation in the modalities of producing and appropriating surplus value. There is an extreme and still increasing concentration and centralization of capital on a global scale in the financial conglomerates that in turn act to interlock the entire mass of global capital. Now the system is undergoing a new round of restructuring and transformation based on a much more advanced digitalization of the entire global economy and society. The agents of global capitalism are attempting to purchase for the system a new lease on life through this digital restructuring and through reform that some among the global elite are advocating in the face of mass pressures from below. Beyond transnational policy coordination among states, the structural power that the transnational capitalist class is able to exercise from above over states will undermine reform unless there is a mass counter-mobilization of power from below. If some regulatory or redistributive reform actually comes to pass, restructuring may, depending on the play of social and class forces, unleash a new round of productive expansion that attenuates the crisis. In the long run, however, it is difficult to see how global capitalism can continue to reproduce itself without a much more profound overhaul than is currently on the horizon, if not the outright overthrow of the system.

scholarly journals CIRCE PAINTINGS BY JOHN WILLIAM WATERHOUSE IN THE CONTEXT OF FEMINISM

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (73) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Femme Fatale ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Witch ◽  
The Middle Ages

Feminism is a way of thinking that deals with the pressures, obstacles and difficulties women experience due to their being women, and includes the elimination of these separating attitudes and the struggle of women to be equal with men in all areas of life. The fact that women are not equated with men in social life goes back a long time. The Middle Ages can be defined as a dark age in terms of equality between women and men, as in many other aspects. In this context, it was found important that the majority of those killed during the witch age period in the Middle Ages were women and most of these women were healers who benefited from nature. Witches are defined as a concept in which nature and women are together as the enemy of the patriarchal system. In this article, depictions of women witches increasing in the art of painting following witch courts will be mentioned, the concept of femme fatale into which the image of a witch has transformed, and the paintings of Circe, the femme fatale (the woman who caused disaster), one of the important painters of her time, will be examined in the context of feminism. Waterhouse, one of the painters of the Pre-Raphaelite movement, depicted scenes from different stories, influenced by one of the most common features of the movement, mythological stories and poems. Choosing the most critical scenes of these stories, Waterhouse reinforces the image of a strong, wild woman. Can Circe be a symbol of the Feminine Power in the face of the perceptions and social pressures that are being tried to be destroyed, oppressed, not allowed to be herself, and still continue today? Keywords: Circe, Feminism, Waterhouse, femme fatale

scholarly journals Тhree–level face lifting

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Slyusaryev ◽  
N. I. Slyusaryev ◽  
P. А. Denischuk
Keyword(s):  
Middle Zone ◽  
Women Patients ◽  
Classic Method ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Face ◽  
Anchor Points

Objective. To follow–up and to compare a quality of stabilization of covering tissues in middle zone of the face, using ultrasonographic investigations, in long time after performance of a three–level face lifting and classical SMAS lifting. Маterials and methods. In the investigation 40 women–patients, ageing 42–70 yrs old, took part, in whom a face lifting was performed 5 – 8 yrs before. Investigation group consisted of 20 women, to whom three–level face lifting was performed, and a control one – 20 women, in whom face lifting was done in accordance to classic method. Results. Median indices of the covering elements thickness in projection of the anchor points in women–patients in 5 – 8 yrs after classic face liftinghave constituted: B – 3.9 mm, D – 5.9 mm, H – 6.6 mm; after three–level face lifting operation: В – 4.8 mm, D – 8.5 mm, H – 6.6 mm. Conclusion.Меthod of a three–level face lifting is indicated to the patients, suffering pronounced salient deformities of the face middle zone and depletion of the suborbital and cheekbone zones.

scholarly journals Nonsuicidal self-injury in mentally ill patients: a clinical case

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
V. V. Balabanova ◽  
N. A. Tyuvina ◽  
E. O. Voronina ◽  
E. M. Goncharova ◽  
A. A. Dmitrieva
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Face

Nonsuicidal self-injuries (autotomy, self-inflicted destruction, self-mutilation) is a variant of autoaggression in a patient without the intent to take his/her own life. Patients with the consequences of self-injuries receive help from physicians of various specialties, who often cannot determine their motivation for autoaggressive actions, since it is associated with mental disorders. The paper presents data on phenomenology, some classifications and motivation of nonsuicidal self-injuries. Various mental disorders are noted to be the most common cause of autoaggressive behavior. The paper describes a clinical case of a female patient who has mutilated her face for a long time, hiding the cause of her autoaggressive action. A detailed clinical and psychopathological analysis of her medical history and mental status allowed for classifying hypochondriacal delirium within schizophrenia as a cause of self-mutilating actions. The motivation for this behavior was to fight against a pseudotumor, for which the patient suffered pain and prolonged suppurative processes on the skin of the face, without visiting physicians.

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