scholarly journals Study of salt tolerance in wheat varieties through growth and development approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shobha Soni ◽  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Nirmala Sehrawat ◽  
Pooja . ◽  
Naresh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Protein Profiling ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Saline Condition ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Wheat Genotype ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Saline Environment

Wheat is one of the most important food crops cultivated in India that considered as moderately sensitive to salinity stress. Present study was conducted to evaluate the growth and developmental response of wheat varieties to salt stress using hydroponics technique. Four wheat genotypes i.e. two durum (HI 8713 and MACS 4028) and two bread wheat (KRL 99 and KRL 210) were selected to study their response under control (best available water) and extreme saline environment (ECiw - 10 dS m-1). Using root length as an index of tolerance, KRL 99 was identified as the most tolerant genotypes which showed 35.67 % reduction in root length under saline environment, whereas other showed higher reduction in root length i.e. 41.78% in KRL 210, 50.68% in MACS 4028 and 78.61% in HI 8713, respectively. Similar results were also noted for shoot length. Under saline condition, higher protein accumulation was recorded in MACS 4028 and HI 8713, whereas KRL 210 showed the less increase (42.5%). All the studied genotypes also showed differential protein profiling banding pattern. The present study concluded that durum wheat genotype also have some potential to survive under saline condition based on growth parameters.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF CADMIUM ON GROWTH AND BIOCHEMICAL CONTENTS OF TOMATO PLANTS

1970 ◽  
pp. 04-06
Author(s):  
A. Natarajan, P. Vijayarengan ◽  
M. Vijayaragavan
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Biochemical Constituents ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Soil Cadmium ◽  
Loam Soil

The increasing concentrations (10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg /kg) of soil cadmium on growth and biochemical contents in tomato plants were analysed on 30th sampling days. Control plants were maintained separately. Plants were grown in pots containing 3 kg of air dried sandy loam soil and treated with different concentrations (mg/kg) of cadmium (0, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ). Treatments decreased the growth parameters such as root and shoot length  and biochemical constituents such as, protein,(except, proline and  phenol content) contents in tomato plants compared to untreated plants. The shoot length of cadmium treated tomato plants was higher than the root length. proline and phenol content of root of  tomato plants was higher than the shoot.

HERBICIDAL ACTIVITY OF Ageratum conyzoides AGAINST PARTHENIUM

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Nimra Javaid ◽  
Arshad Javaid ◽  
Mukhtar Hussain Shah ◽  
Iqra Haider Khan ◽  
Syed Muhammad Waleed
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

This study was carried out to explore herbicidal potential of an asteraceous weed Ageratum conyzoides against an exotic noxious weed parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.). Different concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%) of aqueous extracts of various parts of the tested weed were used in laboratory bioassays. ANOVA revealed the significant effect of plant part bioassay and extract concentration on germination as well as various root and shoot growth parameters. Leaf extract was found the most herbicidal where a 10% extract completely inhibited the germination and growth of parthenium. Root and inflorescence extracts were also highly inhibitory in suppressing the germination up to 89% and 95%, shoot length up to 80% and 89%, root length up to 86% and 91%, and plant biomass up to 89% and 98%, respectively. Stem extract showed the least herbicidal activity causing up to 46%, 59%, 73% and 37% reduction in germination, shoot length, root length and plant biomass, respectively. This study concludes that leaf, root and inflorescence extracts of A. conyzoides possess strong herbicidal potential against germination and growth of parthenium.

scholarly journals Bioconversion of Non Edible Vegetables from Market into Biofertilizer for Crop Improvement

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Geetha Karuppasamy ◽  
Michael Antony D'Couto ◽  
Anant Achary
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Vigour Index

<p>The fruits and vegetables lost due to spoilage in the market can be converted to nutrient rich organic biofertilizer, vermicompost and worm tea. In this study, non-edible vegetables from market [French beans (S1), Lady’s fingers (S2) and Brinjal (S3)] were used for production of vermicompost and worm tea using <em>Eisenia fetida</em> for environmental friendly management and recycling, as value added product for crop production. Vermicomposting was carried out in four bins. Three bins (S1, S2 &amp; S3) consisted of individual pre-digested vegetables and the fourth bin (S4) was set up with a mixture of all three pre-digested vegetables in equal proportions. Physico-chemical properties and essential nutrients like pH, temperature, moisture content, total organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P) and exchangeable potassium (K) of the pre-digested vegetables and/or compost were analysed at regular time intervals. There was around 6-10 fold increase in earthworm count at the end of vermicomposting. During vermicomposting, the N and P content of the compost showed 2 to 4 fold increase whereas 10 to 15 fold increase in K content was noticed. Low C:N ratio (4 to 9) was obtained for vermicompost VS4. The worm tea (vermi wash) and vermicompost collected were used for plant growth studies on <em>Vigna radiata</em> (Green gram). Growth parameters like germination percentage, vigour index, germination index (GI), shoot length (cm), root length (cm) and leaf length (cm) were studied. There was noticeable improvement in germination % (1.7 fold), vigour index (2.7 fold) and germination index. A 20 fold increase in shoot length was also seen in test plants when compared to control (2 fold). Statistical analysis of various growth parameters like root length and plant height indicated that vermicompost made with waste brinjal has a significant response with p ≤ 0.05. Based on the results obtained, waste brinjal, which is abundantly available locally can be economically converted to organic biofertilizers and used for soil and crop improvement. Through this study, a cost effective and environment friendly method for efficient utilization of market waste vegetables has been proposed for promoting plant growth and development.</p>

scholarly journals Impact of dye effluent on growth and chlorophyll content of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa l.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1432
Author(s):  
Pratibha Mahawar* ◽  
Azra Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
The Impact

The textile industry plays an important role in the world economy as well as in our daily life time, it consumes large quantity of water and generates huge amount of waste water. The chemical reagents used in the textile sector are diverse in chemical composition ranging from inorganic to organic molecules. The presence of these chemicals will show detrimental effects on the germination process and growth of seedlings. Present research work has been carried out to study the impact of effluent at different concentrations (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%) on seed germination and seedling growth of Medicago sativa. On the 14th day of seedling growth, maximum root and shoot length were observed at 20% concentration of effluent i.e. 5.4cm (root length) and 5.1cm (shoot length) which increased 3.8% and 4.0% respectively in comparison to control. At high concentrations of treatment levels root length was decreased 2.04%, 19.2%, 26.5%, 51.0% respectively and shoot length was decreased 3.84%, 17.3%, 26.9%, 44.2% respectively at 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% treatment levels in comparison to control (4.9cm and 5.2cm respectively). Same trend was observed during estimation of dry weight and chlorophyll contents.  Inhibition of seedling germination and seedling growth at higher concentrations of effluent may be due to high level of dissolved solids which inhance the salinity. The present study concluded that the dyeing effluent waste significantly influence growth parameters of Medicago sativa.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Biofertilizers and Biochar on the Plant Growth and Productivity of Soybean (Glycine max)

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-86
Author(s):  
Saiteja Atluri ◽  
Deepshikha Thakur ◽  
Dinesh Bukke ◽  
Naleeni Ramawat
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Pod Length

The field experiment was conducted in Organic farm of Amity university Noida, Uttar Pradesh, during the kharif season, to evaluate the sole and conjoint effect of biofertilizers and biochar on the yield, growth and productivity of Soybean (Glycine max). The five treatments viz. T1 (Control), T2 (Biochar), T3 (Biochar + Rhizobium), T4 (Biochar + Azospirillum) and T5 (Biochar + Rhizobium + Azospirillum) were used. Plant growth parameters like shoot length, root length, number of leaves, pod length, pod girth, plant height, crop yield and soil parameters were observed for the effect of various treatments. Among the all treatments the treatment T3 (Biochar with Rhizobium) maximum shoot length (52.30), root length (17.30) followed by T4 (Biochar + Azospirillum) and plant productive are maximum mean of number of pods was recorded in T3 (Biochar + Rhizobium) i.e. 32.6, whereas minimum (30.1) was recorded in T1(control) followed by T4(Biochar + Azospirillum) i.e.32.41, T5 (Biochar + Rhizobium + Azospirillum) i.e. 31.05 and T2 (Biochar) i.e.31.31   has shown significant effect on plant growth characters and plant yield. These results indicate that the   conjoint use of biochar and Rhizobium have potential to enhance the crop performance and simultaneously improves the soil properties for sustainable farming without reliance on synthetic agrochemicals.

Growth and Variabilty Studies in Neolamarkia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser Provenances at Nursery Level

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Makrand Gujar ◽  
◽  
Jyothi K. Mandan ◽  
A. Vijayraghavana ◽  
K.T. Parthiban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Collar Diameter

Neolamarkia cadamba (Roxb.) is a fast growing species recognized as a raw material for match wood industry, pulp wood, plywood industry. Seeds from thirty CPTs of Neolamarkia cadamba across the India were collected and evaluated in nursery for various growth and variability parameters. Significant variation was recorded for shoot length, root length, collar diameter, root shoot ratio, biomass production, sturdiness quotient, volume index and quality index among 30 genotypes. FCRIAC 6 (Pantnagar), have outperformed in seven growth parameters studied, followed by FCRIAC 11 (Chandrapur), FCRIAC 19 (Ragihosalli), FCRIAC 20 (Kodigehalli), FCRIAC 26 (Nashik) performing better in six growth parameters. Shoot length, biomass production and volume index registered high genetic estimates. Heritability was high for all the growth characters. PCV values were slightly higher for all the parameters compared to GCV. Collar diameter, shoot length and root length positively and significantly correlated with biomass, volume index, sturdiness quotient and quality index both genotypically and phenotypically. These results will assist in early selection of good performing and fast growing genotype for raising plantations as well as during further investigation in field trials.

scholarly journals Effect of osmopriming on germination of rice seed

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Hasan ◽  
MA Salam ◽  
MMI Chowdhury ◽  
M Sultana ◽  
N Islam
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Mean Germination Time

The experiment was conducted at the Seed Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from September to October, 2011 to study the effect of chemical priming of seed on germination and growth of rice seedling cv. BRRI dhan 29. Seeds were soaked in 3% and 5% solutions of CaCl2, ZnSO4 and KCl for 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60 hours, respectively. A control was maintained where seeds were subjected to no priming treatment. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Primed seeds were tested for germination and vigour on sandy soil media (60:40) in petridish under field capacity. Seed quality tests included mean germination time, shoot length, shoot dry mass, root length and root dry mass. The results revealed that priming treatments had significant influence on germination and all the growth parameters of rice seedlings. Priming with 3% ZnSO4 for 30 hours showed the highest germination percentage and the lowest mean germinaion time. Priming with 5% KCl for 54 hours showed the highest root length while 5% of the same solution for 24 hours showed the highest root dry mass. On the contrary, seeds having no priming treatment showed the lowest values for germination, vigour index, shoot length,shoot dry mass, root length and root dry mass and the highest mean germination time. The present study concludes that rice seed cv. BRRI dhan29 could be primed with 3% ZnSO4 solution for 30 hours for improving germination and seedling growth.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(3): 451-460, September 2016

scholarly journals Diversity in growth and expression pattern of PoHKT1 and PoVHA transporter genes under NaCl stress in Portulaca oleracea taxa

Genetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-248
Author(s):  
R. El-Bakatoushi ◽  
A. Elframawy
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Plant growth and the expression of two transporter genes; PoHKT1 and PoVHA transcripts in root and shoot tissues were studied under salt stress of three Portulaca oleracea s.l. taxa. The study showed no significant differences in ratios between root lengths in saline and non-saline treatments of the three taxa, which was correlated with a clear down-regulation of the PoHKT1 transcripts in the root after 150mM NaCl. All measured growth parameters except root length increased in P. oleraceae, decreased in P. granulatostellulata and remain unchanged after 100mM NaCl in P. nitida compared to control under saline conditions. The result was consistent with the type of taxon which had significant effect on the shoot length, number of leaves and dry weight (P< 0.05). All measured growth parameters except root length showed a significant negative correlation with the shoot fold change of PoHKT1 transcripts (r = -0.607, -0.693 and -0.657 respectively). The regulation of PoVHA in root and shoot tissues in the three taxa are significantly different. Under salt stress, both decreased uptake of Na+ into the cytosol by decreasing the expression of PoHKT1 and increased vascular compartmentalization ability of Na+ by inducing the expression of PoVHA seem to work more efficiently in P. oleraceae and P. nitida than in P. granulato-stellulata.

scholarly journals Assessment of salinity tolerance in tomato cultivars grown in Maharashtra, India.

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 2259
Author(s):  
Rupali Seth
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Proline Accumulation ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

The present study was undertaken to assess the genotypic variation for salinity tolerance in five commercial cultivars of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) grown in Maharashtra. Growth parameters such as shoot length, root length, fresh weight and dry weight were assessed at control, 50 mM and 100 mM NaCl with Hoagland’s solution. The shoot/root length and fresh/dry weight declined at 100 mM stress. Proline accumulated as a consequence of salt stress. On the basis of growth parameters and proline accumulation cultivars Abhinav and Rohini were tolerant, TO1389 and N2535 moderately tolerant and Naina sensitive towards salinity stress.

Effect of rhizobium inoculation on juvenile growth ofProsopis cineraria (L.) Druce at nursery stage

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushil Kumari ◽  
K.K. Bardhwaj ◽  
S.S. Dhillon ◽  
K.S. Bangrawa ◽  
N.K. Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Rhizobium Strain ◽  
Rhizobium Inoculation ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Rhizobium Strains ◽  
Large Genus

Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce is a large genus comprising of more than 44 species and found distributed throughout the arid and semiarid region of world. Differences on growth parameters of 20 different seeds sources of P. cineraria were assessed in polyethylene bags under nursery conditions at Hisar. These sources were inoculated with three Rhizobium strain viz., VRF-76, Ca-181 and Mf-23a. The seeds of P. cinerearia collected from different seed sources had considerable variation for different growth parameters. All the tested Rhizobium strains responded for different parameters but strains Ca-181 was found significantly superior for majority of parameters. It was followed by Rhizobium Mf-=23a. However the VRF-76 strain was least effective. The significantly highest collar diameter was recorded in seed source RWC inoculated with strain Ca-181. Maximum root length (47.3 cm) was recorded in strains Ca-181 inoculated seed source (NNV-3) whereas a significant reduced root length was recorded in VRf-76 inoculated seed sources. Seed sources NNV-2, MV-3 NNV-3 and RTG were found having higher mean root length. Inoculations with either of Rhizobium strains significantly increase the shoot length in comparison to control. Maximum shoot length was recorded in the seed source MV-3 inoculated with Rhizobium strain Ca-181. Seed sources NNV-2, MV-3, NNV-3CAZRI and RTG had higher mean shoot length. These seed sources had good compatibility with Rhizobium strain Ca-181 and Mf-23a.

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