HERBICIDAL ACTIVITY OF Ageratum conyzoides AGAINST PARTHENIUM

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Nimra Javaid ◽  
Arshad Javaid ◽  
Mukhtar Hussain Shah ◽  
Iqra Haider Khan ◽  
Syed Muhammad Waleed
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

This study was carried out to explore herbicidal potential of an asteraceous weed Ageratum conyzoides against an exotic noxious weed parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.). Different concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%) of aqueous extracts of various parts of the tested weed were used in laboratory bioassays. ANOVA revealed the significant effect of plant part bioassay and extract concentration on germination as well as various root and shoot growth parameters. Leaf extract was found the most herbicidal where a 10% extract completely inhibited the germination and growth of parthenium. Root and inflorescence extracts were also highly inhibitory in suppressing the germination up to 89% and 95%, shoot length up to 80% and 89%, root length up to 86% and 91%, and plant biomass up to 89% and 98%, respectively. Stem extract showed the least herbicidal activity causing up to 46%, 59%, 73% and 37% reduction in germination, shoot length, root length and plant biomass, respectively. This study concludes that leaf, root and inflorescence extracts of A. conyzoides possess strong herbicidal potential against germination and growth of parthenium.

POTENTIAL USE OF Coronopus didymus (L.) SM. IN PARTHENIUM MANAGEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Arshad Javaid ◽  
Iqra Haider Khan
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Natural Herbicides ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Alien Weed ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Potential Use

This study aimed to assess a brassicaceous weed Coronopus didymus (L.) Sm. as a source of potential natural herbicides for management of an alien weed parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.). Initially, the effect of aqueous leaf, stem, root and flower extracts (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0%) of the weed was checked on germination and growth of the target weed. Leaf and stem extracts showed the best herbicidal activity and a 2.5% extract of the each plant part completely inhibited germination of parthenium seeds. The lowest extract concentration (0.5%) of leaf and stem reduced germination by 56 and 46%, shoot length by 43 and 12%, root length by 59 and 62%, and biomass of whole plant by 44 and 15%, respectively. Root and flower extracts were less herbicidal and reduced parthenium germination by 23–52% and 33–56%, respectively. In a pot experiment, soil was incorporated with 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 0.10, 1.2% (w/w) crushed dry biomass of C. didymus, parthenium seeds were sown after one week and the effect of amendment on germination and plant growth was recorded after 45 days of sowing. All the doses of soil amendment significantly suppressed root length by 21–48% over control. A 1.2% soil amendment significantly reduced biomass of parthenium seedlings by 23%. This study concludes that leaf and stem extracts of parthenium possess potent herbicidal potential for control of parthenium.

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF WEED SPEICES AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L. AND CLEOME VISCOSA L. ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF SESAMUM INDICUM L

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-117
Author(s):  
Anbarasan R ◽  
Prabhakaran J
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Cleome Viscosa

Various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of aqueous extracts prepared from two weed species namely Ageratum conyzoides L. and Cleome viscosa L. and used for the present experiments to determine their allelopathic potential on growth and developmental changes on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The weed extracts showed an inhibitory effect on germination percentage, root and shoot growth, and fresh and dry weight of sesame seedlings. The extracts of A.conyzoides had more inhibitory effect at 20%concentration,than that of C.viscosa on growth parameters of sesame.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF CADMIUM ON GROWTH AND BIOCHEMICAL CONTENTS OF TOMATO PLANTS

1970 ◽  
pp. 04-06
Author(s):  
A. Natarajan, P. Vijayarengan ◽  
M. Vijayaragavan
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Biochemical Constituents ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Soil Cadmium ◽  
Loam Soil

The increasing concentrations (10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg /kg) of soil cadmium on growth and biochemical contents in tomato plants were analysed on 30th sampling days. Control plants were maintained separately. Plants were grown in pots containing 3 kg of air dried sandy loam soil and treated with different concentrations (mg/kg) of cadmium (0, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ). Treatments decreased the growth parameters such as root and shoot length  and biochemical constituents such as, protein,(except, proline and  phenol content) contents in tomato plants compared to untreated plants. The shoot length of cadmium treated tomato plants was higher than the root length. proline and phenol content of root of  tomato plants was higher than the shoot.

scholarly journals Bioconversion of Non Edible Vegetables from Market into Biofertilizer for Crop Improvement

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Geetha Karuppasamy ◽  
Michael Antony D'Couto ◽  
Anant Achary
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Vigour Index

<p>The fruits and vegetables lost due to spoilage in the market can be converted to nutrient rich organic biofertilizer, vermicompost and worm tea. In this study, non-edible vegetables from market [French beans (S1), Lady’s fingers (S2) and Brinjal (S3)] were used for production of vermicompost and worm tea using <em>Eisenia fetida</em> for environmental friendly management and recycling, as value added product for crop production. Vermicomposting was carried out in four bins. Three bins (S1, S2 &amp; S3) consisted of individual pre-digested vegetables and the fourth bin (S4) was set up with a mixture of all three pre-digested vegetables in equal proportions. Physico-chemical properties and essential nutrients like pH, temperature, moisture content, total organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P) and exchangeable potassium (K) of the pre-digested vegetables and/or compost were analysed at regular time intervals. There was around 6-10 fold increase in earthworm count at the end of vermicomposting. During vermicomposting, the N and P content of the compost showed 2 to 4 fold increase whereas 10 to 15 fold increase in K content was noticed. Low C:N ratio (4 to 9) was obtained for vermicompost VS4. The worm tea (vermi wash) and vermicompost collected were used for plant growth studies on <em>Vigna radiata</em> (Green gram). Growth parameters like germination percentage, vigour index, germination index (GI), shoot length (cm), root length (cm) and leaf length (cm) were studied. There was noticeable improvement in germination % (1.7 fold), vigour index (2.7 fold) and germination index. A 20 fold increase in shoot length was also seen in test plants when compared to control (2 fold). Statistical analysis of various growth parameters like root length and plant height indicated that vermicompost made with waste brinjal has a significant response with p ≤ 0.05. Based on the results obtained, waste brinjal, which is abundantly available locally can be economically converted to organic biofertilizers and used for soil and crop improvement. Through this study, a cost effective and environment friendly method for efficient utilization of market waste vegetables has been proposed for promoting plant growth and development.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation for performance of maize and rice on aqueous leaf extracts of Flemingia semialata Roxb. -underutilized legumes in Mizoram, India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalidas Upadhyaya ◽  
B. Gopichand ◽  
Kalidas Upadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Cent Concentration ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

The allelopathic potential of aqueous leaf extracts of Flemingia semialata Roxb. a leguminous herbs was used to examined its effect on growth and yield of Zea mays L. and Oryza sativa L. at different concentrations in laboratory bioassays. The extracts show both inhibitory and stimulatory effect on the test crops. Significant stimulatory effects were observed in 50 and 75 per cent concentration for root length and 25 per cent for shoot length in maize. Stimulatory effect on the root length of rice were observed at lower concentrations, however inhibitory effect were observed on the shoot length whereby the inhibitory effect increases with increase in the concentration of extracts. The inhibitory effect on biomass yield was observed at lower concentration in maize but inhibitory effect was more pronounced in rice at higher concentrations. Aqueous leaf extract of Flemingia semialata Roxb. performed better in maize than in rice.

scholarly journals Impact of dye effluent on growth and chlorophyll content of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa l.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1432
Author(s):  
Pratibha Mahawar* ◽  
Azra Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
The Impact

The textile industry plays an important role in the world economy as well as in our daily life time, it consumes large quantity of water and generates huge amount of waste water. The chemical reagents used in the textile sector are diverse in chemical composition ranging from inorganic to organic molecules. The presence of these chemicals will show detrimental effects on the germination process and growth of seedlings. Present research work has been carried out to study the impact of effluent at different concentrations (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%) on seed germination and seedling growth of Medicago sativa. On the 14th day of seedling growth, maximum root and shoot length were observed at 20% concentration of effluent i.e. 5.4cm (root length) and 5.1cm (shoot length) which increased 3.8% and 4.0% respectively in comparison to control. At high concentrations of treatment levels root length was decreased 2.04%, 19.2%, 26.5%, 51.0% respectively and shoot length was decreased 3.84%, 17.3%, 26.9%, 44.2% respectively at 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% treatment levels in comparison to control (4.9cm and 5.2cm respectively). Same trend was observed during estimation of dry weight and chlorophyll contents.  Inhibition of seedling germination and seedling growth at higher concentrations of effluent may be due to high level of dissolved solids which inhance the salinity. The present study concluded that the dyeing effluent waste significantly influence growth parameters of Medicago sativa.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Activity of Corn Gluten Hydrolysate on Monocotyledonous and Dicotyledonous Species

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianna L. Liu ◽  
Nick E. Christians
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Plant Survival ◽  
Corn Gluten

Corn gluten hydrolysate (CGH) was evaluated in the greenhouse for its herbicidal activity on 19 selected monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous species. Treatments included CGH at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 g·dm-2. Plant susceptibility was based on plant survival, shoot length, and root length. The germination and growth of all species were inhibited by the application of CGH at all rates. Black medic (Medicago lupulina L.), buckhorn plaintain (Plantago lanceolata L.), creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.), purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.), and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) were the most susceptible species, exhibiting more than 70% reduction in root length, 60% reduction in plant survival, and 52% reduction in shoot length with CGH at 1 g·dm-2. Common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), curly dock (Rumex crispus L.), dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber), giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm.), large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.], and yellow foxtail [Setaria lutescens (Weigel) Hubb.] exhibited more than 50% reduction in root length and plant survival at 1 g·dm-2. Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.), barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crusgali (L.) Beauv.], green foxtail [Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.], orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), quackgrass [Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv.], and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.) survivial was reduced by 60% at 2 g·dm-2. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) was the least susceptible species.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Biofertilizers and Biochar on the Plant Growth and Productivity of Soybean (Glycine max)

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-86
Author(s):  
Saiteja Atluri ◽  
Deepshikha Thakur ◽  
Dinesh Bukke ◽  
Naleeni Ramawat
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Pod Length

The field experiment was conducted in Organic farm of Amity university Noida, Uttar Pradesh, during the kharif season, to evaluate the sole and conjoint effect of biofertilizers and biochar on the yield, growth and productivity of Soybean (Glycine max). The five treatments viz. T1 (Control), T2 (Biochar), T3 (Biochar + Rhizobium), T4 (Biochar + Azospirillum) and T5 (Biochar + Rhizobium + Azospirillum) were used. Plant growth parameters like shoot length, root length, number of leaves, pod length, pod girth, plant height, crop yield and soil parameters were observed for the effect of various treatments. Among the all treatments the treatment T3 (Biochar with Rhizobium) maximum shoot length (52.30), root length (17.30) followed by T4 (Biochar + Azospirillum) and plant productive are maximum mean of number of pods was recorded in T3 (Biochar + Rhizobium) i.e. 32.6, whereas minimum (30.1) was recorded in T1(control) followed by T4(Biochar + Azospirillum) i.e.32.41, T5 (Biochar + Rhizobium + Azospirillum) i.e. 31.05 and T2 (Biochar) i.e.31.31   has shown significant effect on plant growth characters and plant yield. These results indicate that the   conjoint use of biochar and Rhizobium have potential to enhance the crop performance and simultaneously improves the soil properties for sustainable farming without reliance on synthetic agrochemicals.

scholarly journals Effect of electric field on seed germination and growth parameters of chickpea Cicer arietinum L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
A. Afrasiyab ◽  
J. Zafar ◽  
H. Muhmmad
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Germination And Growth

Cicer arietinum (L.) seed were exposed to electric field in the soil via electrodes. Five different EF were (3V,6V, 9V, 12V, and 0V) were induced 10 min after 24hours for 100 days, each treatment was consisting of an isolated gathering of plants. The rate of seed germination was enhanced to the control group. Plant height, root length, number of leaves, number of flowers, dry weight of the plant, and seed weight were measured at harvesting. Plants height by the influence of 3V, 6V, 9V and 12V were found to be significant in all treated groups than the control group, having an increase of 25.5%, 30.5%, 11.8%, and 17.1%. Similarly, root length was significantly increased than the control group, being increased in 3V, 6V and 12V by 28.6%, 24.0%, 3.0% and retarded in 9V by -3.0%. Leaves numbers were significantly higher than the control group, being increased by 25.3%, 25.2%, 15%, and 19.3% respectively. There was no centrality contrast found indifference in, number of flowers, the dried weight of plant and weight of seeds respectively.

Growth and Variabilty Studies in Neolamarkia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser Provenances at Nursery Level

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Makrand Gujar ◽  
◽  
Jyothi K. Mandan ◽  
A. Vijayraghavana ◽  
K.T. Parthiban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Collar Diameter

Neolamarkia cadamba (Roxb.) is a fast growing species recognized as a raw material for match wood industry, pulp wood, plywood industry. Seeds from thirty CPTs of Neolamarkia cadamba across the India were collected and evaluated in nursery for various growth and variability parameters. Significant variation was recorded for shoot length, root length, collar diameter, root shoot ratio, biomass production, sturdiness quotient, volume index and quality index among 30 genotypes. FCRIAC 6 (Pantnagar), have outperformed in seven growth parameters studied, followed by FCRIAC 11 (Chandrapur), FCRIAC 19 (Ragihosalli), FCRIAC 20 (Kodigehalli), FCRIAC 26 (Nashik) performing better in six growth parameters. Shoot length, biomass production and volume index registered high genetic estimates. Heritability was high for all the growth characters. PCV values were slightly higher for all the parameters compared to GCV. Collar diameter, shoot length and root length positively and significantly correlated with biomass, volume index, sturdiness quotient and quality index both genotypically and phenotypically. These results will assist in early selection of good performing and fast growing genotype for raising plantations as well as during further investigation in field trials.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document