Nutrient intake, digestibility, milk production and composition of lactating cows fed oat hay and concentrate containing varying levels of poultry litter

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Pal ◽  
K. S. Singh ◽  
M. K. Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Ad Libitum

Utilization of poultry litter (PL) to replace soybean meal in cow diets was studied. 24 lactating cows divided in four groups, fed for 90 days with <italic>ad-libitum</italic> oathay and concentrate mixture to meet energy and protein requirements. Concentrate fed to control animals contained de-oiled soybean meal (DSM) as protein supplement, which was replaced at 25, 37.5 and 50 % with PL in concentrate II, III and IV, PL accounted 28, 42 and 56 % levels respectively, and fed to cows of T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups. PL contained CP 18.0 % and energy 3.75 Mcal/kg DM. DM intake (DMI) varied from 2.4 to 2.6 % of body weight, while milk production ranged from 5.6 to 6.3 kg, which were similar among four groups. Study concluded that PL can be included in the concentrate mixtures of cows up to 56 % without reduction in DMI, digestibility and milk production.

Evaluation Use of Calliandra calothyrsus Substituted Soybean Meal Supplement on Feed Nutrient Intake and Digestibility in the Kacang Goat

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Fajar Ajimukti Atmojo ◽  
Bambang Suhartanto ◽  
Insani Hubi Zulfa ◽  
Kustantinah Kustantinah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Animal Body ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Range Test

Twenty goats were given a basal feed of Pennisetumpurpureum cv Mott (odot grass) and supplemented with protein-based feed ingredients namely calliandracalothyrsus and soybeanmeal (SBM). The proportion of calliandra feed substitution and soybeanmeal is T1 = odot grass (ad libitum) + 100% soybeanmeal; T2 = odot grass (ad libitum) + 25% calliandra + 75% soybeanmeal; T3 = odot grass (ad libitum) + 50% calliandra + 50% soybeanmeal; T4 = odot grass (ad libitum) + 75% calliandra + 25% soybeanmeal; and T5 = odot grass (ad libitum) + 100% calliandra. The amount of feed supplementation given is based on daily protein requirements (gram/DM) per day according to animal body weight. The feed given contained iso protein (CP) and iso energy (TDN) to determine the effect of substitution of soybeanmeal with calliandra The parameters observed were intake and nutrient digestibility of feed. Data obtained from the results of the study analyzed variance using a one-way analysis of variance, then if the results show significant differences, it will be analyzed further with Duncan's new multiple range test. The results showed that substitution of calliandra did not have a significant effect (P> 0.05) on nutrient intake (g/kg BB0,75/day), except for intake of ETN, it shows a significant effect (P< 0.05). Calliandra substitution had a significant effect (P<0.05) on feed nutrient digestibility, with the highest digestibility being T2 treatment (25% calliandra substitution).

scholarly journals Growth performance and nutrients digestibility of yankasa sheep fed sugarcane waste silage

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
R.M. Ashiru ◽  
S.A. Maigandi ◽  
I.R. Muhammad ◽  
I.M. Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Salt Lick ◽  
Ad Libitum

A Feeding trial was conducted for twelve weeks (eighty four days) to assess the performance of Yankasa sheep fed ensiled sugarcane waste (ESCW) enhanced with non – protein nitrogen (urea and poultry litter) sources and soybean meal. Sixteen (16) Yankasa rams (mean body weight 25kg±0.46; aged 8 to 15 months) were randomly allotted to the treatments groups viz; T1 (100% SCW plus urea, unensiled) as control, T2 (100% SCW plus urea, ensiled), T3 (75%SCW plus 25% SBM, ensiled) and T4 (75% SCW plus 25% PL, ensiled) with four animals per treatment in a randomised complete block design (RCBD). The experimental diets were offered as basal diet along with clean drinking water and mineral salt lick ad-libitum, while a concentrate diet was formulated containing 16.26% CP and offered at 1.5% body weight to each of the experimental animals. The results obtained indicated non significant (P>0.05) differences in the treatment means of all the growth parameters evaluated however, all the values obtained for T3 and T4 were numerically higher. The digestibility of DM, CF and NFE showed that T3 and T4 gave significantly (P<0.05) higher values. In conclusion ensilage of SCW with urea, soybean meal and poultry litter enhanced its utilization by Yankasa rams, since all the animals in all the treatments gained weight. It is therefore recommended that SCW could be enhanced and ensiled with either urea (4% : 100% SCW), SBM (25% : 75% SCW) or PL (25%:75% SCW) for dry season sheep feeding.Keywords digestibility, sugarcane waste, non-protein nitrogen, Yankasa sheep

SULFUR METABOLISM AND NUTRITIONAL CHANGES IN LACTATING COWS ASSOCIATED WITH SUPPLEMENTAL SULFATE AND METHIONINE HYDROXY ANALOG

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. BOUCHARD ◽  
H. R. CONRAD
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Potassium Sulfate ◽  
Sulfur Concentration ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Sulfur Balance

A split-plot 4 × 4 latin square experiment using four Holstein cows was designed to determine the effects of adding either the calcium salt of 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butyric acid, or a mixture of potassium and magnesium sulfates, or a combination of both sulfur supplements, to a basal diet containing corn silage and grain concentrate mixture. Methionine hydroxy analog (MHA) was consumed at the level of approximately 25 g per day. Sulfates were added to the concentrate in amounts sufficient to elevate the sulfur concentration of the total diet to 0.20%. The addition of 25 g of MHA to the basal diet did not affect dry matter (DM) intake, milk production, sulfur balance, and nitrogen balance. When compared to the basal diet, the addition of sulfates increased the DM digestibility from 67.0 to 69.4%, the sulfur retention from 1.0 to 5.4 g per day, and the apparent sulfur digestibility from 47.7 to 66.6%. The substitution of 4 g of sulfur per day from sulfates with an equivalent amount of sulfur from MHA decreased DM intake from 19.4 to 17.6 kg per day, but increased fat level in milk from 3.4 to 3.7%. Fat corrected milk yield was the same for all treatments. In a comparative study involving 40 lactating cows and 121 balance trials, DM digestibility became maximal at about 0.15% sulfur in the total diet when sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, and potassium sulfate were used as supplements, and about 0.18% sulfur when MHA was used. Raising the sulfur concentration from 0.05 to 0.12% in the total diet brought lactating cows into slightly positive sulfur balance when they were depositing 4–9 g per day of sulfur in the milk. It was concluded that supplemental inorganic sulfur from sodium, calcium, potassium, and magnesium sulfates sustained optimum utilization of sulfur when fed in the diet at 0.20% sulfur (53 mg per kg body weight per day) to cows producing as much as 35 kg of milk per day. Higher concentrations of sulfur intake did not have any effect on nitrogen, sulfur and DM digestibility, but concentrations of 0.35% sulfur and above in the ration (70–90 mg per kg body weight per day) were associated with diminished DM intakes.

RESPONSE OF LACTATING DAIRY COWS TO FORMALDEHYDE-TREATED SOYBEAN MEAL WHEN FED WITH CONTROL OR UREA-TREATED CORN SILAGE

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. ERFLE ◽  
F. D. SAUER ◽  
S. MAHADEVAN ◽  
R. M. TEATHER
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Corn Silage

In two experiments, lactating cows (26 in exp. 1; 32 in exp. 2) were fed an 11.3% crude protein (CP) diet, a 14.7% CP diet containing untreated soybean meal (SBM) or a 14.6% CP diet containing formaldehyde-treated SBM (FSBM), all three fed as a complete blended diet with control corn silage (CCS) (exp. 1); a 12% CP diet, a 13.4% CP diet containing SBM or a 13.3% CP diet containing FSBM, all fed as a complete blended diet with urea-treated corn silage (UCS) (exp. 2). In both experiments concentrates and CCS or UCS were mixed (50:50 dry matter) daily and fed ad lib for a 16-wk period. The increase of CP over the low CP negative control by addition of untreated SBM resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) increase in milk production in both experiments. The addition of FSBM had no significant effect. When comparing solids-corrected milk (SCM), addition of SBM, whether treated or not, significantly increased SCM in both experiments. In neither experiment did FSBM improve milk production over untreated SBM. All animals fed CCS lost body weight but there was no difference between treatments. For animals fed UCS the low CP group lost significantly (P < 0.05) more body weight than did the group fed FSBM. Dry matter (DM) intake was significantly (P < 0.05) lower for the FSBM fed group than for the group fed untreated SBM in exp. 1 (CCS). DM intake was significantly (P < 0.05) increased by either FSBM or SBM over the low CP control fed UCS. Milk protein was the only component significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by FSBM in exp. 1. Isobutyric and isovaleric acids were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in rumen fluid of animals on FSBM plus CCS. Rumen microbial protein content seemed to be more adversely affected by FSBM with CCS than UCS. Amino acid content of FSBM and SBM demonstrated that lysine and tyrosine were lost from SBM after treatment with formaldehyde. The lack of a response in milk production to FSBM is discussed in terms of a lysine and tyrosine deficiency for milk protein synthesis and the adverse effect that formaldehyde protection of SBM may have on the rumen microbial population. Key words: Lactation, dairy cows, urea, corn silage, soybean meal, formaldehyde treatment

scholarly journals PSXIV-37 Assessment of milk yield, milk composition and urea nitrogen in milk and plasma in lactating buffaloes fed diets with increasing levels of corn plus urea

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 433-434
Author(s):  
Valdi Lima Júnior ◽  
Tobias Tobit De Barros Melo ◽  
Viviany Lúcia Fernandes Dos Santos ◽  
Leilson R Bezerra ◽  
Marcelo Andrade Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Orthogonal Polynomials ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Lactating Buffaloes ◽  
Quadratic Effects ◽  
References Values

Abstract Nowadays, the great challenge in the milk activity is to replace the high cost ingredients without affect the performance and milk composition. So, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacement of soybean meal by corn plus urea on milk production, milk composition, nitrogen in milk (UNM) and plasma (UNP) concentrations of lactation buffaloes. Twelve Murrah lactating buffaloes, all multiparous (100 days in lactation; average milk production of 10 kg per day), with initial mean body weight of 650 ± 45 kg were used used in a triple Latin square 4 x 4 experiment. Each period included 13 d for adaptation and 5 for milk collect. The samples of plasma were obtained only in the last day of collect, four hours after feed. The experimental diets (12% CP, DM basis) consisted of increasing levels (0, 33, 66 and 100%) of soybean meal replacement by corn plus urea and the forage: concentrate ratio was 60:40. Orthogonal polynomials for diet responses were determined by linear and quadratic effects (P &lt; 0.05). The increasing levels of corn plus urea did not change (P &gt; 0.05) the milk production (averaging 6.4±0.33 kg/d), fat content (averaging 7.4±0.31%) and protein content averaging (3.8±0.07%) in milk. The UNM (15.29, 15.44, 14.80 and 16.02 mg dL-1 for levels 0, 33, 66 and 100% respectively) and UNP values (18.37, 17.20, 18.79 and 18.16 mg dL-1, for levels 0, 33, 66 and 100% respectively) also did not change with experimental diets and are according with references values for buffaloes. The use of corn plus urea is an alternative for lactating buffaloes’ diets and can be replacing soybean meal at levels up to 100%.

Field peas as a protein source for high-production dairy cows on grass silage and hay based feeding

1981 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 307-313
Author(s):  
Liisa Syrjälä-Qvist ◽  
Jouko Setälä ◽  
Mikko Tuori
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
High Production

Twenty-four dairy cows with high milk yields were used in an experiment in which peas and soybean meal were compared for feeding value, when given as protein sources in grass silage and hay based feeding. In their barley and outs based concentrate mixture three different groups recevied: 1) soybean meal 14 %, 2) soybean meal 7.5 %plus ground peas 15 % or 3) ground peas 35%. The peas were almost equivalent as a protein source to the soybean meal. There were no significant differences between the soybean and pea groups in the intake and utilization of feeds, milk production and milk composition or liveweight changes of the animals. Thus, in silage and hay based feeding the proportion of peas in the concentrate mixture can be at least 35 % and the daily pea ration can amount to 3—4kg without any harmful effects on milk production.

PSX-B-2 Effect of feedlot days on intake and performance of Nellore heifers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 454-454
Author(s):  
Igor M Ferreira ◽  
Iorrano A Cidrini ◽  
William Souza ◽  
Mateus I Abreu ◽  
Laura F Prados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Ground Corn

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the effect of feedlot days (FD) on intake (DMI) and performance of Nellore heifers. Fifty-one Nellore heifers [325±19.3 kg of body weight (BW); 16±1 months], blocked by initial BW and stratified by carcass ultrasound, were divided into three treatments: 45, 75 or 105 FD; and placed in 18 pens [17 heifers/treatment; 6 pens/treatment (5 pens with 3 heifers and 1 pen with 2 heifers)]. The animals were fed ad libitum allowing 3% of refusals. The diet consisted of corn silage, ground corn, soybean meal, protected fat and minerals. The adaptation diet [16% CP and 79% TDN; roughage:concentrate (R:C) = 44:56] was offered from day 1 to 15 and the finishing diet from day 16 to 105 (14.5 % CP and 86% TDN; R:C = 25:75). At the end of each FD, heifers were weighted to obtain the shrunk final BW and slaughtered in the same slaughterhouse. The final BW and hot carcass weight (HCW) were greater (linear effect; P ≤ 0.01), respectively, for heifers on 105FD (442 and 244 kg) compared to 75FD (411 and 228 kg) and 45FD (374 and 206 kg). The DMI, backfat thickness and longissimus area increased over FD (linear effect; P ≤ 0.01; 45FD = 7.10 kg/d, 5.05 mm and 64.3 cm2; 75FD = 7.68 kg/d, 5.69 mm and 68.5 cm2 and 105FD=7.79 kg/d, 7.04 mm and 73.3 cm2). The FD did not affect carcass gain (P = 0.38) and feed efficiency based on carcass gain (P = 0.84). However, total carcass gain increased over FD (linear effect; P ≤ 0.01; 29, 51.4 and 75.9 kg, respectively to treatments 45, 75 and 105 FD). In conclusion, the feedlot days increase the BW, backfat thickness and longissimus area. However, the feed efficiency based on carcass gain does not reduce when the heifers are submitted for a long time on feedlot.

PSX-B-7 Effect of supplementation of a robotic milker pellet on mixed diet intake, milk production, and blood metabolites of lactating cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 455-455
Author(s):  
Nick Uzee ◽  
Abigail R Rathert ◽  
Carlee M Salisbury ◽  
Dagan Montgomery ◽  
Andrew P Foote
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Robotic Milking

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of concentrate pellets, typically supplied by a voluntary robotic milking system (VMS), on milk production and composition, nutrient metabolism, and diet dry matter intake (DMI) of lactating dairy cows. Holstein cows (n = 24) were assigned to receive either no supplemental pellets (CON), 2 kg/d (LP), or 6 kg/d (HP) in addition to ad libitum diet access, with treatments balanced by lactation number and days in milk. The LP group was allotted 1 kg of pellets every 12 hours and the HP group was allotted 2 kg every 8 hours, to simulate the amount consumed while visiting a VMS unit two or three times daily. Pellet and diet consumption were measured using the Insentec feeding system. Milk production was measured daily, utilizing a milk meter in a conventional parlor. Milk samples were collected twice weekly for 35 days and analyzed for components. Blood samples, body weight, and body condition scores were obtained weekly after the morning milking. Data were analyzed using a mixed model (SAS 9.4) with fixed effects of treatment, day, and their interaction, with day as a repeated measure. No treatment × day interaction was present for diet DMI (P = 0.72); however, addition of pellets to the LP and HP treatment groups decreased diet DMI when compared to CON (P &lt; 0.006). Plasma lactate tended to be greater for CON (P = 0.09) than LP and HP treatment groups with no treatment effect on other blood metabolites (P ≥ 0.30). There was no effect of treatment on milk yield, milk components, or body weight and condition (P ≥ 0.23). These data suggest that feeding a pellet similar to conditions in a robotic milking system could alter DMI without negatively impacting metabolism or milk production.

FACTORS INFLUENCING DRY MATTER INTAKE AND UTILIZATION OF CORN SILAGE BY LACTATING COWS

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Fisher ◽  
V. S. Logan ◽  
L. S. Donovan ◽  
R. B. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Factors Influencing

Moisture content, hay supplementation and energy content of corn silages were studied as factors affecting dry matter (DM) intake and utilization by lactating cows. In experiment I, a two-week delay in date of harvest resulted in an increase in DM content of silage for the two varieties of corn, but this was associated with significantly greater (P < 005) DM intake and fat-corrected milk production for only the earlier-maturing variety (Pride 5). Harvest date had no influence on solids-not-fat (SNF) content of the milk or body weight, but silage from Pride 5 corn resulted in a significantly (P < 0.05) higher SNF content and greater loss in body weight. In experiment II, feeding 4.7 kg of hay per day significantly reduced (P < 0.05) silage dry-matter intake and increased total ration dry-matter intake but did not change milk production or composition when compared with feeding 2.3 kg of hay per day. In experiment III, ear silage, stalk and leaf silage and hay were compared as a source of roughage for lactating cows. Total ration dry-matter intake was significantly greater (P < 0.05) for hay fed alone, but milk production was apparently higher when the ear silage was fed.

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