Effects of some factors on growth of lambs and the determination of growth curve models

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayhan Yilmaz ◽  
Ferda Karakus ◽  
Mehmet Bingöl ◽  
Baris Kaki ◽  
Gazel Ser
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The Body ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Growth Curve Models

he aims were to identify the body weight of the several age groups in Norduz lambs and its correlations between these traits were to determine the best non-linear growth curve models for the growth performance of the Norduz sheep breed. A total of 91 male and female of Norduz lambs were evaluated under extensive system conditions. The least square means for weights at birth and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 165, 180, 195 and 210 days of age periods were 4.51±0.56, 9.28±0.25, 11.14±0.29, 14.99±0.37, 18.21±0.43, 22.54±0.54, 22.33±0.25, 23.59±0.54, 25.58±0.55, 28.07±0.58, 29.45±0.60, 29.98±0.84, 32.44±0.61, 32.03±0.59 and 31.45±0.57 kg, respectively. There were differences in favor of lambs of four-year old dams at 15 days of age and also lambs born single at 90 days of age for the body weight. The effect of weight of dam at birth, 30, 45, 60 days of age was significant (P less than 0.05-P less than 0.01) and the birth weight in lambs importantly effected the weights at 15, 30, and 45 days of age. All correlations between the body weights of several age periods were significant as statistical (P less than 0.01). As for the growth models, distinguished models were compared using the coefficient of determination and mean square error for both sexes. As a result, we concluded that von Bertalanffy model were the best model in comparison with the other models for biological growth curves in Norduz male and female lambs.

Prediction of body weights of Nellore sheep under field condition

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rani ◽  
B. Ekambaram ◽  
B. Punya Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Nellore Sheep

Data on 1350 Nellore sheep of 2, 4, 6 and 8-teeth age, reared under field conditions in 12 mandals of Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh were utilized for development of prediction equations and study the phenotypic association among body measurements and body weights. The coefficients of correlation between body weight with the height at withers, chest girth, paunch girth, hip width and body length were positive and high in magnitude in both males and females in majority of the age groups studied. Step-down regression equations were fitted to predict the body weight based on biometrical measurements at different ages. The height at withers, chest girth, paunch girth, hip width and body length have contributed significantly to the expression of body weights at the majority of the ages studied. High coefficient of determination (R2) value was observed in males at 6 and 8-teeth age as 88 per cent, while in females 50 per cent at 2-teeth age.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Number of Cumulative COVID-19 Cases by Day in Thailand Based on a Flattened Curve Policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yupaporn AREEPONG ◽  
Rapin SUNTHORNWAT
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curve ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Logistic Growth ◽  
Thai Government

Since December 2019, the world has been facing an emerging infectious disease named coronavirus disease 2019. Thailand has also been affected by the spread of the coronavirus. The Thai government have announced policies to protect people, based on the emergency decree and curfew law for flattening the curve of the number of the coronavirus disease 2019 cases without vaccination in Thailand. This research estimated of the number of total infectious cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in Thailand. Two growth curves, including an exponential growth curve under a non-flattened curve policy (herd immunity policy without vaccination), and a logistic growth curve under a flattened curve policy without vaccination, were selected to estimate the parameters of the curves by the least square method to represent the number of the total infectious cases in Thailand. Moreover, the maximum infectious cases of coronavirus disease 2019 and the speed of spreading for coronavirus disease 2019 in Thailand were also explored. Based on the number of the total infectious cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in Thailand, the findings demonstrated that the coefficient of determination of the logistic growth curve was greater than the exponential growth curve and the root means squared percentage error of the logistic growth curve was less than the exponential growth curve. These results suggest that the logistic growth curve is suitable for describing the number of total infectious cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in Thailand under the fattened curve policy. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

scholarly journals Adjustment of growth models in broiler chickens

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1241-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Félix Demuner ◽  
Diana Suckeveris ◽  
Julian Andrés Muñoz ◽  
Vinicius Camargo Caetano ◽  
Cesar Gonçalves de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
First Order ◽  
Autocorrelated Error

Abstract: The objective of this work was to investigate adjustments of the Gompertz, Logistic, von Bertalanffy, and Richards growth models, in male and female chickens of the Cobb 500, Ross 308, and Hubbard Flex lines. Initially, 1,800 chickens were randomly housed in 36 pens, with six replicates per lineage and sex, fed ad libitum with feed according to gender, and bred until 56 days of age. Average weekly body weight for each line and sex was used to estimate model parameters using the ordinary least squares, weighted by the inverse variance of the body weight and weighted with a first-order autocorrelated error structure. Weighted models and weighted autocorrelated error models showed different parameter values when compared with the unweighted models, modifying the inflection point of the curve and according to the adjusted coefficient of determination, and the standard deviation of the residue and Akaike information criteria exhibited optimal adjustments. Among the models studied, the Richards and the Gompertz models had the best adjustments in all situations, with more realistic parameter estimates. However, the weighted Richards model, with or without ponderation with the autoregressive first order model AR (1), exhibited the best adjustments in females and males, respectively.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Growth Curve Models for Body Weight in American Mink

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Duy Ngoc Do ◽  
Younes Miar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
American Mink ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Growth Curve Models ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Males And Females

Modelling the growth curves of animals is important for optimizing the management and efficiency of animal production; however, little is known about the growth curves in American mink (Neovison vison). The study evaluated the performances of four three-parameter (Logistic, Gompertz, von Bertalanffy, and Brody), four four-parameter (Richards, Weibull, Bridges, and Janoscheck) and two polynomial models for describing the growth curves in mink. Body weights were collected from the third week of life to the week 31 in 738 black mink (373 males and 365 females). Models were fitted using the nls and nlsLM functions in stats and minpack.lm packages in R software, respectively. The Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were used for model comparison. Based on these criteria, Logistic and Richards were the best models for males and females, respectively. Four-parameter models had better performance compared to the other models except for Logistic model. The estimated maximum weight and mature growth rate varied among the models and differed between males and females. The results indicated that males and females had different growth curves as males grew faster and reached to the maximum body weight later compared to females. Further studies on genetic parameters and selection response for growth curve parameters are required for development of selection programs based on the shape of growth curves in mink.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN AND RURAL SCHOOLCHILDREN OF THE IRKUTSK REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
pp. 957-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna V. Mylnikova ◽  
N. V. Efimova ◽  
E. A. Tkachuk
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Total Body

Introduction. Physical development is one of the informative indices characterizing the health of the child population and reflecting the adverse effects of various environmental factors. Aim. To carry out a comparative assessment of physical development indices both in urban and rural schoolchildren in the Irkutsk region. Material and methods. The total body dimensions were studied. Results. Urban schoolchildren differ from rural peers in large body length indices (p = 0.000) and smaller values of the circumference of the chest (p = 0.002). The body weight of urban and rural boys had similar values, except for the age groups 9 (p=0,000), 12 (p=0,000) and 16 years (p=0,005). Rural schoolgirls outpaced urban peers by their body weight (р=0,016). Some differences from general patterns characteristic for the given period of ontogenesis are revealed: in rural schoolchildren, three crosses of growth curves are established. Correlation ratio of body length indices with other total sizes showed schoolchildren to have signs of desynchronization of physical development processes in different age periods. Discussion. The materials of the study indicate the processes of formation of total body size of rural and urban schoolchildren to differ. An assessment of the correlation ratios of body length parameters with other total sizes showed schoolchildren in different age periods to show signs of desynchronization of physical development processes.

scholarly journals Salmonellosis among children hospitalized in Pediatric Hospital in Bielsko-Biała, Poland, in the years 2014-2015

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Wioletta Pollok-Waksmańska ◽  
Krystyna Słowiaczek ◽  
Danuta Wijas
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Female Children ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Diarrhea Prevalence

Introduction: Salmonella is a serious cause of gastroenteritis in children. Prevention through proper hygiene to minimize potential exposure is a key factor decreasing the number of morbidity. The aim of this study was the analysis of Salmonellosis incidence rate among children hospitalized in Pediatric Hospital in Bielsko-Biała, Poland, in the years 2014-2015 having regard to Salmonella’s serotype, symptoms at admission to hospital and changes of body weight during hospital stay. Methods: The study was conducted on 79 children with Salmonellosis treated in years 2014-2015 in Pediatric Hospital in Bielsko-Biała, Poland. It was based on retrospective analysis of data from children’s medical history. Results: In all age groups the most common serotype was Salmonella Entertidis. Analysis of children’s clinical symptoms at admission to hospital showed that all children, both male and female, had abdominal pains before defecation. The major symptoms included also diarrhea with blood and fever. Among half of observed group emesis were observed. The analysis of body weight at the hospital admission and discharge demonstrated that in majority of children the body weight increased during their stay in the hospital – the weight gain occurred in 68,8% of male and in 48,4% of female children. Conclusions: The cases of Salmonella appeared comparatively often in children at the age of 0-2 years old and 3-5 years old. The most commonly isolated serotype of Salmonella was Salmonella Entertidis. In all age groups the most common symptoms were abdominal pain before defecation and diarrhea with blood. Due to high diarrhea prevalence it is advisable to introduce the education directed both to children and parents.

scholarly journals TIME RELATIONS OF GROWTH

1927 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Brody
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The Body ◽  
Time Rate ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Constant Percentage

Growth curves consist, in all cases, of two major segments. The first major segment is, in the case of higher animals and plants, made up in turn of several (probably five) shorter segments during each of which growth takes place at a constant percentage rate. The transitions between the successive stages are abrupt, the abruptness being of the order of metamorphosis in cold blooded animals. It has been made clear in the first paper of this series that the time rate of growth following the major inflection declines at a constant percentage rate. The junction between the two major segments occurs at puberty in animals and flowering in plants. The two major segments are not symmetrical about the major inflection. The slope of the segment following the inflection is always less than the slope of the segment preceding the inflection. The major inflection does not occur in the center of the growth curve. The instantaneous rate of growth at the beginning of growth is of the order of 100–200 per cent per day (i.e. the body weight is doubled in from 7 to 17 hours). It may be mentioned that 2 months after conception the rate of growth in man is only 8 per cent per day. This is contrary to all the published statements. Thus, Minot concluded that growth begins at 1000 per cent per day; Jackson concluded that in man, growth during the 1st month takes place at 57.5 million per cent per month; during the 2nd month 990 per cent per month; during the 3rd month 390 per cent per month (8 per cent per day is only 240 per cent per month). The reason for the discrepancy between the values derived, by the method adopted by the writer, and the values given in the literature is explained by Fig. 1.

scholarly journals The Accuracy of Broselow Tape Weight Estimate among Pediatric Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turki M. AlHarbi ◽  
Abdullaziz AlGarni ◽  
Fasial AlGamdi ◽  
Mona Jawish ◽  
Tariq Ahmad Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Medical City

Objective.To determine the accuracy of the Broselow Tape (BT) versions 2007 and 2011 in estimating weight among pediatric population.Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Fahad Medical City and six schools across Riyadh province on 1–143-month-old children. BT 2007 and 2011 estimated weights were recorded. Both tapes via the child’s height produce an estimated weight, which was compared with the actual weight.Results.A total of 3537 children were recruited. The height (cm) of the subjects was97.7±24.1and the actual weight (kg) was16.07±8.9, whereas the estimated weight determined by BT 2007 was15.87±7.56and by BT 2011 was16.38±7.95. Across all the five age groups, correlation between actual weight and BT 2007 ranged between 0.702 and 0.788, while correlation between actual weight and BT 2011 ranged between 0.698 and 0.788. Correlation between BT 2007 and BT 2011 across all the five age groups ranged from 0.979 to 0.989. Accuracy of both the tape versions was adversely affected when age was >95 months and body weight was >26 kilograms.Conclusions.Our study showed that BT 2007 and 2011 provided accurate estimation of the body weight based on measured body height. However, 2011 version provided more precise estimate for weight.

Growth performance, correlation and regression estimates of seven-chicken strains in South-Western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
A. J. Atansuyi ◽  
U. C. Ihendu ◽  
C. A. Chineke
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Study Results

This study was conducted to determine the growth performance, correlation and regression estimates of seven-chicken strains in South-western Nigeria using a total of 300 day-old chicks. The birds were divided into seven groups based on their strain. The seven strains are Normal feather (NF), Fulani ecotype (FE), Frizzle feather (FF), naked neck (NN) and Transylvania indigenous strains while Hubbard and Marshal were meat-type exotic chickens. There were forty- five (45) unsexed day-old chicks in each strain except the Frizzle feather that were 30 in number. Completely randomized design (CRD) was used for the trial that lasted for 8 weeks. The birds were fed experimental diets ad libitum throughout the period of the study. Results showed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) in the initial and final weights of the birds. It was observed that exotic strains weighed heavier (3569.73gHB) than their indigenous counterparts (1391.11gNF). However, the Fulani ecotype weighed heaviest (1840.99g) among Nigeria indigenous strains during the experimental period. This showed that FE strains are generally heavy breed chicken and could be incorporated into a meat producing indigenous chicken if improved upon. The result of the correlation coefficients showed that a very strong, positive and highly significant (P<0.001) relationship existed between body weights and linear body measurements as most of the values are (>0.40). All the body parameter examined had significant (p<0.01) and direct relationship with the body weight. Shoulder-to-tail length (STL) had the highest coefficient of 0.98.The high correlation estimates obtained in this study could be as a result of pleiotropy, heterozygosity or linkage of genes in the birds. The three functions were highly significant (p<0.05) for all the parameters studied. This shows that the functions well described the parameters. On the basis of coefficient of determination (R ), the body weight of poultry birds at any age can be predicted most accurately with BRG using cubic function.

scholarly journals Low body weight/thinness, overweight and obesity of children and adolescents from a Brazilian region of low economic status

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dartagnan Pinto Guedes ◽  
Francisléia Nascimento Almeida ◽  
Jaime Tolentino M. Neto ◽  
Maria de Fátima de M. Maia ◽  
Thatiana Maia Tolentino
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Weight Excess

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of low body weight/thinness, overweight and obesity in a representative sample of children and adolescents from a Brazilian region with low economic development. METHODS: A total of 982 girls and 986 boys, aged seven to 17 years old and assisted by Segundo Tempo Program, from Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil, were included in the study. Low body weight/thinness, overweight and obesity were defined based on body mass cut-off indexes recommended by the International Obesity Task Force. The prevalence of the nutritional status according to sex and age was compared by chi-square test. RESULTS: In girls, the frequency of low body weight/thinness, overweight and obesity was 4.1, 18.4 and 3.8%, respectively; in boys, these percentages were 6.3, 13.2 and 2.9%, respectively. The low body weight/thinness for girls raised from 2.7% (7-10 years old) to 5.5% (15-17 years old); the body weight excess (overweight and obesity) decreased from 30.1 to 16.2% for the same age groups. In boys, the corresponding trends were from 3.2 to 9.4% for low body weight/thinness, and from 23.4 to 9.2%, for body weight excess. CONCLUSIONS: The data indicate that, even in a region with low economic status, the body weight excess was the main problem associated with nutritional health. The high overweight and obesity prevalence rates indicate the need of public policies for promoting healthy feeding behaviors and physical activity.

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