scholarly journals Antagonistic activity of cellulase enzyme produced by Trichoderma Viride against Xanthomonas Citr

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhat Jatav ◽  
Sonu Singh Ahirwar ◽  
Abhishek Gupta ◽  
Kirti Kushwaha ◽  
Sadhna Jatav
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme ◽  
Citrus Disease

Citrus canker is a bacterial disease which occurs in citrus (lemon) species produce by Xanthomonas especially X. citri. The infection occurs on the lesions of leaves, stems, and fruits of citrus trees, it also occurs in other plants such as orange, grapes. The main goal of this study was to prevent the lemon (citrus) disease such as citrus canker by using some cellulase enzymes produces by soil fungi. In the present study, we isolated soil fungi Trichoderma viride, which produces cellulase enzyme these have higher antibacterial activities against plant pathogen such as X. citri. This enzyme produced by T. viride by using fermentation method, quantified by DNAS method and used as a bio-control agent against X. citri. They also isolated and characterized X. citri. In the last step of the study they have checked antibacterial activity of cellulase enzyme against X. citri. The present study concluded that cellulase enzyme produced by T. viride shows higher antibacterial activity against X. citri when treated it at 100°C.

scholarly journals Interactions of Phlebopus spongiosus with several soil fungi and antibacterial activity of its culture broth

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Pham Nguyen Duc Hoang ◽  
Ho Bao Thuy Quyen ◽  
Akira Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Gluconobacter Oxydans ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Culture Broth ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Citrus Maxima ◽  
Culture Extract

An edible ectomycorrhizal fungus Phlebopus spongiosus have been found in pomelo orchards (Citrus maxima). The culture broth of Ph. spongiosus became darker after ca. 3 weeks of inoculation. The dry production of culture broth extract (culture extract) was 0.30 ± 0.09 g per culture (20 ml broth in a 50 ml flask). Both 5% and 10% solution of the culture extract shows the antibacterial activities on growth of all tested Gram positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis and a Gram negative bacterium Gluconobacter oxydans but not on the other Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Asaia bogorensis. On PDA plates, Ph. spongiosus showed the inhibition on the growth of soil fungi Penicillium citrinum and Aspergillus niger, whereas it was invaded by that of a mycoparasite Trichoderma viride. Further studies on physiological and ecological characteristics and principal components for the activities of culture exudates in laboratory is necessary to find the applicable profits from this fungus.

Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Artemisia herba-alba Asso Essential Oil from Middle Atlas, Morocco

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S48-S54
Author(s):  
Y. Ez zoubi ◽  
S. Lairini ◽  
A. Farah ◽  
K. Taghzouti ◽  
A. El Ouali Lalami
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Different Strains

The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition and to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial effects of the Moroccan Artemisia herba-alba Asso essential oil against foodborne pathogens. The essential oil of Artemisia herba-alba was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity was assessed against three bacterial strains isolated from foodstuff and three bacterial strains referenced by the ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) using the disk diffusion assay and the macrodilution method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl) method. The fourteen compounds of the Artemisia herba-alba essential oil were identified; the main components were identified as β-thujone, chrysanthenone, α-terpineol, α-thujone, α-pinene, and bornyl acetate. The results of the antibacterial activity obtained showed a sensitivity of the different strains to Artemisia herba-alba essential oil with an inhibition diameter of 8.50 to 17.00 mm. Concerning the MICs (minimum inhibitory concentrations), the essential oil exhibited much higher antibacterial activity with MIC values of 2.5 μl/ml against Bacillus subtilis ATCC and Lactobacillus sp. The essential oil was found to be active by inhibiting free radicals with an IC50 (concentration of an inhibitor where the response is reduced by half) value of 2.9 μg/ml. These results indicate the possible use of the essential oil on food systems as an effective inhibitor of foodborne pathogens, as a natural antioxidant, and for potential pharmaceutical applications. However, further research is needed in order to determine the toxicity, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects in edible products.

Microwave assisted synthesis of novel Pyrazole derivatives and their biological evaluation as anti-bacterial agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadis Khodadad ◽  
Farhad Hatamjafari ◽  
Khalil Pourshamsian ◽  
Babak Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aromatic Aldehydes ◽  
Catalytic Amount ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Pyrazole Derivatives ◽  
Microwave Assisted

Aim and Objective: Microwave-assisted condensation of acetophenone 1 and aromatic aldehydes 2 gave chalcone analogs 3, which were cyclized to pyrazole derivatives 6a-f via the reaction with hydrazine hydrate and oxalic acid in the presence of the catalytic amount of acetic acid in ethanol. Materials and Methods: The structural features of the synthesized compounds were characterized by melting point, FT-IR, 1H, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. Results: The antibacterial activities of the synthesized pyrazoles was evaluated against three gram-positive bacteria such as Enterococcus durans, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and two gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Conclusion: All the synthesized pyrazoles showed relatively high antibacterial activity against S. aureus strain and none of them demonstrated antibacterial activity against E. coli.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anti-Biofilm and Antibacterial Properties of Streptococcus downii sp. nov.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 450
Author(s):  
Maigualida Cuenca ◽  
María Carmen Sánchez ◽  
Pedro Diz ◽  
Lucía Martínez-Lamas ◽  
Maximiliano Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Biofilm Development

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential anti-biofilm and antibacterial activities of Streptococcus downii sp. nov. To test anti-biofilm properties, Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonella parvula, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were grown in a biofilm model in the presence or not of S. downii sp. nov. for up to 120 h. For the potential antibacterial activity, 24 h-biofilms were exposed to S. downii sp. nov for 24 and 48 h. Biofilms structures and bacterial viability were studied by microscopy, and the effect in bacterial load by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A generalized linear model was constructed, and results were considered as statistically significant at p < 0.05. The presence of S. downii sp. nov. during biofilm development did not affect the structure of the community, but an anti-biofilm effect against S. mutans was observed (p < 0.001, after 96 and 120 h). For antibacterial activity, after 24 h of exposure to S. downii sp. nov., counts of S. mutans (p = 0.019) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (p = 0.020) were significantly reduced in well-structured biofilms. Although moderate, anti-biofilm and antibacterial activities of S. downii sp. nov. against oral bacteria, including some periodontal pathogens, were demonstrated in an in vitro biofilm model.

scholarly journals A comparison of the antibacterial activity of some African black soaps and medicated soaps commonly used for the treatment of bacteria-infected wound

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufunmiso O. Olajuyigbe ◽  
Morenike O. Adeoye-Isijola ◽  
Otunola Adedayo
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
E Coli ◽  
African Black ◽  
Soap Production ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Better Than

Background: Black soap is a medicinal product that could be harnessed for economic purpose if properly packaged, and misconception about its traditional use by herbalists is thrown overboard.Aims: To promote the relevance of these soaps for economic development, this study compared the antibacterial activity of black soaps with medicated soaps widely used against bacterial infections.Methods: The antibacterial activities of these soap samples were determined by agar diffusion and macrobroth dilution methods.Results: In this study, the statistical analysis of the inhibition zones showed that black soaps were significantly (p < 0.05) more active than medicated soaps used against the test bacterial isolates. The black soaps inhibited and killed the isolates better than the medicated soaps at the different concentrations used. The minimum inhibitory concentration for Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis ranged between 0.125 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL, Staphylococcus aureus (0.25–4) mg/mL, Escherichia coli (0.125–4) mg/mL and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1–4) mg/mL. The result showed that K. pneumoniae and E. faecalis were the most susceptible, followed by E. faecalis > E. coli > S. aureus > P. aeruginosa.Conclusion: As a valuable medicinal output derivable from organic waste product that could be converted to wealth, African black soap production, utilisation and commercialisation have tremendous economic potentials. These soaps showed significant antibacterial activity greater than those of the medicated soaps. Hence, their use could be a better option in place of commercially available medicated and antiseptic soaps because of the degree of antibacterial activities they exhibited.

scholarly journals Antifungal and Antibacterial Metabolites from a French Poplar Type Propolis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Séverine Boisard ◽  
Anne-Marie Le Ray ◽  
Anne Landreau ◽  
Marie Kempf ◽  
Viviane Cassisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Weak Activity ◽  
Agar Dilution

During this study, thein vitroantifungal and antibacterial activities of different extracts (aqueous and organic) obtained from a French propolis batch were evaluated. Antifungal activity was evaluated by broth microdilution on three pathogenic strains:Candida albicans, C. glabrata, andAspergillus fumigatus. Antibacterial activity was assayed using agar dilution method on 36 Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains includingStaphylococcus aureus. Organic extracts showed a significant antifungal activity againstC. albicansandC. glabrata(MIC80between 16 and 31 µg/mL) but only a weak activity towardsA. fumigatus(MIC80= 250 µg/mL). DCM based extracts exhibited a selective Gram-positive antibacterial activity, especially againstS. aureus(SA) and several of its methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) strains (MIC10030–97 µg/mL). A new and active derivative of catechin was also identified whereas a synergistic antimicrobial effect was noticed during this study.

The potential biocontrol agent Paenibacillus polymyxa TP3 produces fusaricidin-type compounds involved in the antagonism against gray mold pathogen Botrytis cinerea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuen-Huang Tsai ◽  
Yu-Ting Chen ◽  
Yu-Liang Yang ◽  
Bo-Yi Lee ◽  
Chien-Jui Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Imaging Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Paenibacillus Polymyxa ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
New Variant

Paenibacillus polymyxa is a beneficial bacterium for plant health. Paenibacillus polymyxa TP3 exhibits antagonistic activity toward Botrytis cinerea and alleviates gray mold symptoms on the leaves of strawberry plants. Moreover, suppression of gray mold on the flowers and fruits of strawberry plants in field trials, including vegetative cells and endospores, was demonstrated, indicating the potential of strain TP3 as a biological control agent. To examine the anti-B. cinerea compounds produced by P. polymyxa TP3, matrix‐assisted laser‐desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was performed and fusaricidin-corresponding mass spectra were detected. Moreover, fusaricidin-related signals appeared in imaging mass spectrometry of TP3 when confronted with B. cinerea. By using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based molecular networking approach, several fusaricidins were identified including a new variant of m/z 917.5455 with serine in the first position of the hexapeptide. Via advanced mass spectrometry and network analysis, fusaricidin-type compounds produced by P. polymyxa TP3 were efficiently disclosed and were presumed to play roles in the antagonism against gray mold pathogen B. cinerea.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Polyphenols Content, Antioxidant Power, and Antibacterial Activity of Herniaria hirsuta from Morocco

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenza Ammor ◽  
Dalila Bousta ◽  
Sanae Jennan ◽  
Bahia Bennani ◽  
Abdellah Chaqroune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

The aim of this study is to investigate in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts for aerial parts of Herniaria hirsuta. Extracts were screened for their possible antioxidant activities by three tests: DPPH free radical-scavenging, reducing power, and molybdenum systems. The screening of antibacterial activity of extracts was individually evaluated against sixteen bacteria species using a disc diffusion method. Flavonoids, total phenols, and tannins content were performed for both extracts. It shows higher content in the hydroethanolic extract. The hydroethanolic extract showed a significant antioxidant activity for the three methods studies to the aqueous extract, but nonsignificant results compared to the reference (BHT). However, both extracts have negative effect on the strains studies for the antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTINOMYCETES FROM SOIL OF AD-DAWADMI, SAUDI ARABIA AND SCREENING THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gouse Basha Sheik ◽  
Muazzam Sheriff Maqbul ◽  
Gokul Shankar S. ◽  
Ranjith M S
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Inhibition Zones

Objective: To isolate and characterize novel actinomycetes and to evaluate their antibacterial activity against drug-resistant pathogenic bacteriaMethods: In the present study, 19 soil samples were collected from different localities of Ad-Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia. Actinomycetes were isolated from these samples using serial dilution and plating method on Actinomycetes isolation agar supplemented with nalidixic acid and actidione to inhibit bacteria and fungi. Crude extracts of potential actinomycetes were produced by submerged fermentation. The antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of actinomycetes was tested against different bacteria using the agar well diffusion method. Characterization of the isolates was done by morphological, physiological and biochemical methods.Results: A total of 9 (47%) isolates of actinomycetes were isolated from 19 different soil samples tested. Among them, 4 (44%) isolates confirmed as Streptomyces sp. showed potential antimicrobial activity against one or more test organisms. Crude extracts were made from these 4 actinomycetes isolates(DOM1, DOM3, DP3, DP4)and tested for their antibacterial activities against 4 different clinical bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus). Crude extract from DP3 isolate showed highest antibacterial activity against all the four test organisms (28 mm, 21 mm, 20 mm and 18 mm) respectively and DP4 showed lowest antibacterial activity against all the four test organisms (14 mm, 12 mm, 0 mm, 6 mm) respectively. The highest zone of inhibition was shown by DP3 against Staphylococcus aureus (28 mm) and Escherichia coli was resistant for DP4. Most of the Inhibition zones produced by crude extracts showed significant differences when compared with control, tested against test organisms (P<0.05). Inhibition zones produced by DP3 and DOM1 against Staphylococcus aureus were 28 mm and 23 mm, respectively which were strong active when compared with control Ciprofloxacin (18 mm).Conclusion: Further studies for purification of bioactive metabolites and molecular characterization analysis of isolated Streptomyces sp. are in progress which would be helpful in discovering novel compounds of commercial value.

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