Effect of Improved Agronomic Approaches on Growth and Yield of Redgram [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] under Rainfed Ecosystem

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ammaiyappan ◽  
S. Sakthivel ◽  
A. Veeramani ◽  
P. Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Rainfed Condition ◽  
North East ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Rainfed Ecosystem

Background: Redgram is an important food legume which is largely cultivated under rainfed condition. In India rainfed agriculture contributes 80% of the total pulses production and the projected requirement will be 39 million tons by 2050 which necessitates an annual growth rate of 2.2%. The productivity has to be increased from the present level of 834 kg ha-1 to 1200 kg ha-1. With adoption of suitable agronomic management strategies the productivity could be increased to meet our demand and achieve self sufficiency in production. Hence the current study was carried out to increase the productivity of redgram under rainfed condition.Methods: Field experiment was conducted in farmer’s field in Madurai district, Tamil Nadu during North East Monsoon season of 2019 to study the effect of improved agronomic manipulations on growth and yield of redgram under rainfed ecosystem. Agronomic management approaches viz., nipping of primary branches at 45 and 60 days after receipt of soaking rain, high density planting at 30 cm × 30 cm in addition to recommended spacing of 60 cm × 30 cm and foliar application of 1% PPFM spray were compared with farmer’s practice in the redgram variety Co (RG) 7. Pre monsoon sowing has been taken up and the rainfall received during the cropping period was 521.7 mm received in 31 rainy days.Result: The field experimental results revealed that adoption of agronomic manipulation at the appropriate stage of the crop has increased the productivity of redgram. Nipping of primary branches at 45th day of the crop significantly increased the total number of productive branches, number of pods plant-1 and recorded the maximum seed yield of 1512 kg ha-1 (72 per cent increase over farmer’s practice) under rainfed condition.

​Effect of Agronomic Manipulations on Morpho-physiological and Biochemical Responses of Rainfed Redgram [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ammaiyappan ◽  
R. Arockia Infant Paul ◽  
A. Veeramani ◽  
P. Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Canopy Architecture ◽  
Rainfed Condition ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Indian Agriculture ◽  
North East ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Background: Pulses play an important role in Indian agriculture and they are the rich sources of protein. Redgram is an essential food legume, mostly cultivated under rainfed condition in India. Due to increasing population the demand of pulses is increased; hence the redgram productivity has to be increased to meet out the requirement. To overcome this problem an investigation was carried out to study the effect of crop geometry, modified canopy architecture and 1% PPFM application on morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of rainfed redgram during north-east monsoon season. Methods: The treatments comprised of varied crop geometries viz, broad casting (farmer’s practice), high density planting at 30 × 30 cm and recommended spacing of 60 × 30 cm; modified canopy architectures viz. nipping of primary branches at 45 and 60 days after the receipt of soaking rain and foliar application of 1% PPFM spray at 50% flowering to avoid the moisture stress. Result: The results revealed that sowing at 60 × 30 cm spacing with nipping at 45th day recorded significantly higher seed yield and protein yield of redgram in rainfed condition. Further, nipping at 45th day showed higher level of relative water content (51.6%) associated with lower level of proline (26.61 mg g-1).

Foliar Application of Different Phosphorus Sources for Transplanted Irrigated Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.)] in North Western Zone of Tamil Nadu 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sivakumar ◽  
A. Krishnaveni ◽  
M. Pandiyan ◽  
N. Tamilselvan
Keyword(s):  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Phosphorus Sources

Field experiments were carried out to study the effect of foliar application of different sources of phosphorus on yield of transplanted redgram (Cajanus cajan) in June (Kharif) 2014 to 2015 and 2015 to 2016 at Regional Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Paiyur, Tamil Nadu. The treatments included different concentrations of different phosphorus sources like mono ammonium phosphate (MAP), di ammonium hosphate (DAP), all 19 as a foliar application at flowering phase. The results revealed that foliar application of 0.5% mono ammonium phosphate (MAP) at flower initiation and 15 days after first spray recorded higher growth and yield parameters such as number of branches per plant, no. of pods, no. of seeds pod 1 and 100 seed weight resulting in higher grain yield of 2512 kg ha-1, net income of Rs. 95215/- and B:C ratio of 2.97.

scholarly journals Extent of diurnal cycle of rainfall and its intra seasonal variation over coastal Tamil Nadu during north east monsoon season

MAUSAM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Y.E.A. RAJ ◽  
B. AMUDHA
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Diurnal Cycle ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Rainfall Anomaly ◽  
Land Breeze ◽  
North East ◽  
Hourly Rainfall

The diurnal variation of north east monsoon rainfall of coastal Tamil Nadu represented by four coastal stations Chennai Nungambakkam (Nbk), Chennai Meenambakkam (Mbk), Nagapattinam (Npt) and Pamban (Pbn)  was  studied in detail based on hourly rainfall data of rainy days only, for the period 1 Oct-31 Dec for the 47/48  year period 1969-2016/2017.  Mean Octet rainfall and its anomaly were computed for the 8 octets  00-03,…., 21-24 hrs of the day and the anomaly was tested for statistical significance. Various analysis for the individual months of Oct, Nov, Dec and the entire period Oct-Dec were separately conducted.  The basic technique of evolutionary histogram analysis supplemented by harmonic analysis of octet mean rainfall anomaly was used to detect the diurnal cycle signal. Two indices  named as  diurnal variation of  rainfall index and coefficient of mean absolute octet rainfall anomaly representing the intensity of diurnal variation  in dimensionless numbers were defined,  computed  and interpreted. The analysis based on the above techniques revealed that the diurnal signal which shows an early morning maximum and late afternoon minimum of octet rainfall is well defined in Oct, decreases in Nov and further decreases in Dec for all the 4 stations. Though the diurnal variation manifests a well defined pattern in Dec the signal is not statistically significant in most cases. For Nbk and Mbk there is a weak secondary peak of octet rainfall anomaly occurring in the forenoon and afternoon respectively in Oct and Dec suggesting the presence of semi-diurnal variation of rainfall. Stationwise, the diurnal signal is most well defined for each month/season in Pbn followed by Npt, Nbk and then Mbk.   The physical causes behind the diurnal signal and its decrease as the north east monsoon season advances from Oct to Dec have been deliberated. The well known feature of nocturnal maximum of oceanic convection influencing a coastal station with maritime climate and the higher saturation at the lower levels of the upper atmosphere in the early morning hours have been advanced as some of the causes. For the much more complex feature of decrease of diurnal signal with the  advancement of the season, the decrease of minimum surface temperature over coastal Tamil Nadu from Oct to Dec causing an early morning conceptual land breeze has been shown as one of the plausible causes  based on analysis of temperature and wind.  Scope for further work based on data from automatic weather stations, weather satellites and Doppler Weather Radars has been discussed.

scholarly journals Statistical Trend Analysis of Rainfall in Amaravathi River Basin using Mann-Kendall Test

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.I Sridhar ◽  
A Raviraj
Keyword(s):  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Seasonal Rainfall ◽  
North East ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Slope Estimator

The present study aims to detect the trends in annual and seasonal rainfall and its magnitude in Amaravathi basin, Tamil Nadu. In this study, the mean annual and seasonal rainfall in 10 rain gauge stations of Amaravathi basin have been analysed to determine the trend and its magnitude for the period of 1982-2014. The trend analysis is done using Mann-Kendall and Sen’s slope estimator. The trend analysis results showed wide variations during all the seasons. The increasing trend of rainfall is found to be dominant during north-east monsoon season when compared to other seasons.

scholarly journals Effect of Climate Variability on Finger Millet Productivity: Panel Data Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Parthasarathi Gurusamy ◽  
Balasubramanian Rudrasamy ◽  
M. S. Raman
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
North East ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Millet Yield

Finger millet is widely grown all parts of the world and it is consumed by all people. This paper studies the impact of climate variability on yield of finger millet crop in Tamil Nadu using Panel regression analysis. The data on maximum and minimum rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature and yield of finger millet was collected and used for analysis. Panel data model was used to estimate effect of climate variability. The temperature and its square terms shows the significant impact on finger millet yield, it means after the certain level increase in temperature leads to yield loss. The square term of the SWM maximum temperature will increase the yield of finger millet up to a threshold level, beyond which the yield will decrease. Higher temperature during north-east monsoon season would mean lower yield rates. The regression coefficient of interaction term for NEM rainfall and NEM maximum temperature was found to be positive which indicate that the joint effect of rainfall and temperature during the north-east monsoon season on finger millet yield was positive thus contributing for increased productivity. Thus increasing in climatic variables would support the millets up to a certain level and after that it lower the yield of finger millet.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal distribution of bovine leptospirosis in Tamil Nadu and a risk factor analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Senthilkumar ◽  
G Ravikumar ◽  
RP Aravindhbabu
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Native Breed ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease that causes abortions, infertility and mastitis in cattle. This research was aimed at investigating the temporal and spatial pattern, sex, age, breed wise distribution of leptospirosis in Tamil Nadu. A seroreactivity of 28.2% was noticed among cattle in seven agro-climatic zones. The temporal trend of leptospirosis recorded during the post-monsoon season (30.5%) was significant when compared to the pre-monsoon season (25.8%). The spatial distribution revealed a high proportion of leptospirosis (31.2%) in the North East zone in comparison with the other zones. The serogroups Australis (37.9%), Hebdomadis (30.6%), Hardjo (29.9%), Javanica (28.1%) and Pomona (19.7%) were predominant in all the agro-climatic zones. The observation of 44.2% seroreactivity in buffaloes is most probably associated with the wallowing behaviour. A high seroreactivity of 31.1% in Holstein Friesian than that compared with the native breed discloses a breed susceptibility. A seroreactivity of 30.2% in animals aged above three years shows an age-related susceptibility, but there was no significant difference between the sexes. The seroreactivity among the animals in an organised farm (33.8%) is higher than in individually reared animals (25.5%) indicating the impact of the rearing system. The three Leptospira strains isolated were identified as the Leptospira interrogans serogroup Australis, Canicola and Sejroe. This study depicted the epidemiology of leptospirosis in cattle and emphasises the need of leptospirosis to be included in cattle health surveillance programmes.

scholarly journals Enhancement of agronomic traits and yield of rice var. ADT 43 grown in typic ustifluvent soil through silicon fertilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1052-1058
Author(s):  
Arthi V ◽  
M. V. Sriramachandrasekharan ◽  
R. Manivannan ◽  
Arumugam Shakila
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Potassium Silicate ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Initiation Stage

Rice is a rich accumulator of silicon and its supply is essential for the growth and economic yield of rice. Hence, a field experiment was conducted in sandy clay loam soil belonging to Padugai series (Typic ustifluvent) at farmers holding in Kuttalam block, Mayiladuthurai district, Tamil Nadu to assess the role of silicon in improving agronomic characters and yield of rice ADT 43, Oryza sativa. The treatments included  T1 -  Recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), T2 - RDF + Potassium silicate (FS) - 0.25%, T3- RDF + FS - 0.50%, T4 - RDF +FS - 1.00%, T5­ -RDF + FS - 0.25%, T6 - RDF + FS - 0.50%,  T7­ - RDF + FS - 1.00%,  T8 - RDF + SA - 50 kg ha-1, T9 - RDF + SA - 100 kg ha-1 and T10 - RDF + SA- 150 kg ha-1. From T2 to T4, the foliar spray was done at tillering stage and from T5 to T7, the foliar spray was done at tillering and panicle initiation stage.  The silicon was applied through FS with the rice crop. The soil application of silicon relatively recorded higher growth and yield compared to foliar application. Besides improving different agronomic characters of the rice, the soil application of 50 kg Si ha-1 registered the highest grain yield (6183.3 kg ha-1) and straw yield (6740 kg ha-1) and was comparable with a single foliar spray of 1% Si.  Growth and rice yield increased with Si concentration of 0.25% to 1%.  Thus, the soil application of silicon @50 kg ha-1 through potassium silicate is advocated to realize maximum rice yield.

Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Berta Ratilla ◽  
Loreme Cagande ◽  
Othello Capuno
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

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