scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE GENERAL CLIMATE COMFORT IN THE VOLGA REGION, THE REPUBLIC OF ALTAI AND THE REPUBLIC OF KHAKASSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 1212-1215
Author(s):  
Ilia B. Andryushin ◽  
E. A. Valtseva ◽  
N. A. Meshkov
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Altai Republic ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Climate Comfort

Introduction. The problem of the impact of climatic environmental factors on the state of public health and, as a consequence, the exacerbation of chronic diseases in meteosensitive people is considered. Aim of thу study to assess the overall comfort of the climate in the territories of the Volga region (Mari El Republic, Chuvash Republic, and Nizhny Novgorod Region), the Altai Republic and the Khakassia Republic. Material and methods. In order to identify interregional differences in the living conditions of the population, an assessment of the degree of overall climate comfort in the study areas were performed on the most significant climatic and bioclimatic indices. They include: the average temperature in the warm months (July, August) and the coldest month of the year (January), the number of contrasting changes of periods with the same type of weather, the index of weather variability, the severity weather of January by Bodman, the number of days with strong wind of six or more meters per second. Results. The obtained data on the degree of climate comfort was processed using a 5-point scale which highlighted the following intervals: values (Km) ranging from 3.51 to 5 - the most comfortable climatic conditions, (Km) values ranging from 2.86 to 3.5 - comfortable enough climatic conditions, (Km) values in the range from 2.3 to 2.85 - the least comfortable climatic conditions. Conclusions. On the territory of the Volga region, the Altai Republic, and the Khakassia Republic, there are two degrees of comfort conditions: the most comfortable and reasonably comfortable, non-voltage compensatory-adaptive mechanisms in people with diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Climatic conditions are the risk factors for the development of cardiorespiratory disease and the burden of existing chronic diseases, their assessment is necessary for the development of preventive measures.

Natural resistance of marals of Altai-Sayan breed during the process of adaptation under the environments of the Republic of Tyva

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Ch. N. Sambyla ◽  
N. M. Bessonova ◽  
R. B. Chysyma
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Altai Republic ◽  
The Republic

The Republic of Tyva is a region in the geographical center of Asia, which located at the junction of the Siberian taiga and Central Asian desert-steppe landscapes, in a wide band of mountains and intermountain plains. The mountain-forest area of Tyva has long been considered a natural habitat for antler deer, one of which is the maral (Cervus elaphus sibiricus). In order to restore maral breeding and increase the number of marals in the former limits, marals of the Altai-Sayan breed have been imported to the Republic of Tyva from the Republic of Altai. The preservation of productive traits, reproductive function and the realization of the genetic potential of animals introduced to new climatic conditions largely depends on the ability of these animals to adapt to existing environments. We have assessed in this paper the natural resistance of the marals of Altai-Sayan breed during introduction in the Tyva Republic in comparison with the indicators of the marals have been bred in the Altai Republic. The researches have been carried out in 2019. The research material was blood samples of marals of Altai-Sayan breed imported to the Republic of Tuva (n=27) and marals of the same breed bred in the Republic of Altai (n=17). Studies have shown some deviations in the blood leukogram of imported marals, such as a decrease in the number of eosinophils and rod nuclear neutrophils (P < 0,001), the increase in the number of segmented nuclear neutrophils and lymphocytes (P < 0,05). The number of monocytes have been increased in 18,6 times compared to the Altai marals. The change in the number of monocytes exceeded the physiological norm by 24,7 %. The indicator of adaptation evaluation in imported marals had higher values (6,8), which were in 1,7 times higher than in marals bred in the Altai Republic (4,1), which indicates the intensity of adaptive mechanisms in imported animals during adaptation. Analysis of phagocytic activity and phagocytic index revealed intensive phagocytosis in imported marals: phagocytic activity – by 12,4 % (P < 0,05), phagocytic index – by 5,1 %, and the increase in the content of lysosomal and cationic proteins by 12,8 % (P < 0,05). Analysis of the bactericidal activity of blood serum has shown its lower level in imported animals (45,97±1,36 %), compared with marals of the same breed bred in the Altai Republic (52,19±2,15 at P < 0,05). Thus, according to most indicators of natural resistance marals of Altai-Sayan breed imported to Tyva have a fairly high level of natural protection, which indicates that they can be adapted to the natural climatic and feeding conditions of the Republic of Tyva.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF SEASONAL MANIFESTATION OF BRUCELLOSIS INFECTION AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
K. M. Kurbonov ◽  
E. G. Simonova ◽  
N. N. Filatov
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Annual Incidence Rate ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this work was to study modern manifestations of seasonal brucellosis among the population of the Republic of Tajikistan. The materials and methods: of the study were the official statistics, as well as the results of previously performed studies on the risk assessment of the incidence in population. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of annual incidence rate for the period from 1997 to 2016 was conducted, depending on the most significant social and environmental risk factors. Results. The article shows the impact on the annual incidence rate of socio-economic transformations, including the privatization of collective livestock farms, accompanied by the massive movement of farm animals to private ownership, the loss of practice in animal breeding, and changes in environmental and climatic conditions. Against the background of the intensification of sheep breeding, there is a tendency in seasonality smoothing and shifting the maximum levels of population incidence of brucellosis to the spring season. Conclusion. The modern features of seasonal manifestation of brucellosis infection in the Republic of Tajikistan make it necessary to apply a differentiated approach to planning and conducting preventive measures in various areas of the country.

scholarly journals The Poa bulbosa L. Reproductive Strategy in the Steppe Phytocenoses of the Lower Volga Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-403
Author(s):  
Elmira I. Kaybeleva ◽  
◽  
Ekaterina A. Arkhipova ◽  
Olga I. Yudakova ◽  
Maxim Yu. Voronin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Strategy ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Mediterranean Flora ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Lower Volga

Poa bulbosa L. is a native cereal of the European and Mediterranean flora and an invasive species in North America. The study of its reproductive strategy in different environmental and climatic conditions is important for the development of effective methods of containment and prevention of invasions. Plants of two coenopopulations were investigated embryologically. In addition, the morphology of reproductive organs was analyzed in 175 herbarium specimens collected in the flora of the Lower Volga region from 1919 to 2017. It was found that in the steppe phytocenoses of the Lower Volga region P. bulbosa reproduce mainly vegetatively by basal bulbs and pseudoviviparous bulblets. Rarely, seed mode reproduction in the form of facultative apomixis is realized. There was no dependence of the mode of reproduction (pseudovivipary / seed reproduction) on the date of growing season beginning and on the average temperature in the period from the beginning of the growing season to flowering. The effectiveness of pseudovivipary is low due to the aridity of the Lower Volga region climate. Bulblets germinate in inflorescences and then dry. This holds back the P. bulbosa wider distribution in the studied region.

scholarly journals Selection of high-yielding varieties and hybrids of pan patty squash, determining their most favorable planting dates

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 04024
Author(s):  
Shavkat Durkhodjaev ◽  
Sohibjon Islamov ◽  
Tulganoy Kenjaeva ◽  
Abdulaziz Tojiboyev
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

In this article, the results of research on the cultivation of patty pan squash in the climatic conditions of Uzbekistan, Planting for different periods and its growth, development, yield, as well as the impact of weather conditions were presented. Squash is a one-year plant of the family of zucchini, mainly shrub, rarely found in the form of a whip. The results showed that average yield of “White-13” control was 16 tons/ha, and it was 17 tons/ha in “Solnyshko”. Furthermore, “NLO White” and “Umberall” had a high yield compared to the other varieties and hybrids, accounted for 15 tons/ha and 15.1 tons/ha, respectively. The highest average temperature during seed germination was found in 16 august, which was 30.3°C, whereas the lowest average temperature was 18.6°C in 1st April. The results showed that 4 days were required to reach 10% of seed germination in the period April 16 and May 1, however, 10% of seed germination in July 1 and 16th took 6 days. Furthermore, the least days for 75% of seed, germination was observed in the period of May 1, accounted for 8 days, and the rest of the period was the same.

scholarly journals Impact of main tillage methods on weed infestation of crops in the winter maize, wheat, dried peas rotation

2021 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Khasan Tarchokov ◽  
Magomed Chochaev ◽  
Julietta Tutukova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soil Treatment ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Weed Plants ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tillage Methods

The paper presents ways of suppressing weed plants, including a complex of agricultural practices aimed at reducing their harmful effects and further distribution. Many methods to control weed vegetation are known in the field cultivation technology. They differ in terms of the amount of expired costs and labor, economic and technical efficiency. As a result of our research, the impact of some tillage methods on the effectiveness of weed suppression on the main field crops in selected Kabardino-Balkaria natural climatic conditions is identified. The goal of the research is to determine the effectiveness of main tillage methods on the Ciscaucasian carbonate chernozems in different zones of the republic. In research conducted in 2015-2018 in the Kabardino-Balkaria steppe zone in crop rotation, with an alternation of maize-winter wheat-pea crops in the suppression of weed plants, a soil treatment system is allocated when the soil treatment on 12-14cm is combined with plowing to a depth of 25-28 cm with the use of related chemical herbicides of various spectrum of actions.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND ITS INFLUENCES ON SEASONAL RAINFALL PATTERNS ON THE BATEKE PLATEAUS IN THE REPUBLIC OF CONGO-BRAZZAVILLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 327-337
Author(s):  
Harmel Obami-Ondon ◽  
◽  
Medard Ngouala Mabonzo ◽  
Ngoma Mvoundou Christian ◽  
Bernard Mabiala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Rainfall ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Rainfall Patterns ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Congo Brazzaville ◽  
The Impact

Climate variability, in Africa in general and in the Republic of Congo-Brazzaville in particular, has been widely documented over the past 20 years. However, variables related to rainfall, such as the nine-month rainy seasons, have been very little studied in the Bateke Plateaux zone, which play a major role in regional hydrology. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of climatic events on seasonal rainfall patterns on the Plateaux Bateke. On the one hand, it involves monitoring the evolution of climatic parameters through the analysis of temperature, relative humidity and rainfall variation. On the other hand, it was a question of comparing the monthly rainfall normals over the period 1987-2016 in order to determine the behaviour of seasonal rainfall patterns in the context of climate variability. The principal component analysis, based on nine (09) variables, highlighted the impact of climate variability on seasonal rainfall patterns. The first principal component (F1) is associated with the factors defining the climatic conditions of the Plateau Bateke. The second main component (F2) does not express clear correlations. Generally speaking, the temperature and relative humidity of the air are factors in the temporal variability of seasonal rainfall regimes on the Plateaux Bateke.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of herbicides against annual weeds (weed vegetation) on tomatoes

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Batyrov ◽  
Shamil Bairambekovich Bairambekov ◽  
Olga Georgievna Korneva
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Cereal Species ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Annual Weeds ◽  
The Impact

Agrocenoses of cultivated plants are more or less overgrown with unwanted weeds, which complicate and complicate the care of plants and harvesting. The purpose of our research was to assess the impact of modern herbicides on the infestation (clogging) of tomato seedlings with annual weeds and the productivity of cultivated plants in the natural and climatic conditions of the Republic of Kalmykia. It was revealed that the main weeds of tomato plantings for all the years of research from annual dicotyledonous species were-white mar, bindweed buckwheat, bird mountaineer, southern salt grass; less common - bedstraw tenacious, nightshade black, hibiscus triplet and others. Annual cereal species were more often represented by common oatmeal, blue and green bristles, and less often by barn grass. The introduction of herbicides Unimark, WDG and Lapis Lazuli, LP (loose powder) before planting seedlings did not have a negative effect on the survival rate of seedlings; it was 94-96% of the planned density of standing plants. It was found (established) that the use of herbicides in the planting of tomato seedlings restrained the increase in the number of annual grass weeds by 30-75%, annual dicotyledonous-by 70-90%. The introduction of preparations before planting seedlings was the most effective. The decrease in the number of annual weeds had a positive effect on the growth, development and productivity of tomato plants: there was an increase in the number of leaves by 10.4-16.5%, the mass of leaves (leaf weight) – by 11.8-21.2%, the area of the leaf surface – by 8.9-16.2%, the number of set fruits – by 18.9-23.8%, the average weight (mass) of a mature fruit – by 7.5-11.3%. The increase in the yield (the yield gain) of tomato fruits was in the range from 21.6 to 28.4%. The studied herbicides did not have a significant effect on the quality indicators of tomato fruits.

scholarly journals The Impact of Weather and Climate Risks on Cereal Crops Productivity

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-207
Author(s):  
Maria Nedealcov
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
The Republic ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Financial Losses

Abstract Increase the intensity and frequency of the weather and climate risks contribute to compromised harvests in recent decades. Analysis of financial losses indicates that in 2007 and 2012 substantial values were reached. In this context it is important to know their regional peculiarities of manifestation both in present and in the years to come. The results shows that pronounced manifestation of the weather and climate risks in recent years (2000-2013) contributed to the decline of winter wheat harvest of 2q / ha compared with the harvest that is expected in the 2020s - calculated according to the most drastic SRES B2A scenario. The results are extremely necessary to take adaptation measures to new climatic conditions and to food security for the future in the Republic of Moldova.

scholarly journals Number and taxonomic structure of blood-sucking insects community in the forest-steppe zone of Tyumen Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-546
Author(s):  
T. A. Khlyzova
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
The Impact

The abundance level of blood-sucking Diptera is, to a large extent, determined by natural and climatic conditions and hydrological regime of rivers, and is subject to significant fluctuations. In order to assess the impact of meteorological conditions of the season on the abundance of blood-sucking Diptera, the abundance ratio of horseflies, mosquitoes, blackflies and midges in the forest-steppe zone of Tyumen Region for 2006, 2013-2017 was compared. The study was performed in the surroundings of Isetskoye Village and Barkhatovo Village in Isetsky District of Tyumen Region. This area belongs to the province of Tobol forest-steppe. The study area is located on the left bank of Iset river. The forest-steppe zone is located in the south of the region. The region has very cold winters, the average temperature in January is -18-20ºС. The summer season lasts about 125 days, the average temperature in July is +19-20ºC. Spring and autumn seasons are short. The region is characterized by late frosts in spring until the end of the first decade of June and early autumn, and sometimes in late August. Analysis of data obtained showed that of the six seasons studied the largest gnus abundance was registered in 2014, the minimum abundance was in 2006. The abundance level and the individual components ratio of «GNUS» complex were subject to significant changes depending on the season, in 2006 and 2014, the blackflies were mostly collected, and in 2013, 2015-2017 – mosquitoes. Meteorological and hydrological conditions of winter and spring seasons have the greatest impact on the level of insect populations of «gnuts» complex. Seasonal fluctuations in abundance of blackflies was 3 times, midges ‒ 9, horseflies and mosquitoes ‒ 10. The main limiting factors for the mass development of blood-sucking Diptera in the forest-steppe zone of Tyumen Region are hard and dry winters that cause insect death at the pre-imaginal stages of development, as well as huge temperature swings in spring and summer and small areas of breeding grounds.

scholarly journals Migration processes among Tatars of the Tetyushsky krai: directions, causes and results (the second half of the 16th – early 20th centuries)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-301
Author(s):  
Elmira K. Salakhova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Migration Direction ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

The presented article sets the tasks to consider the migration conditions and processes among the population of the Tetyushsky Krai, to identify the historical validity of their choice of a particular region for living, to determine the reasons that contribute to the movement of the population. The study of the history of the region in this perspective is being conducted for the first time. In our opinion, this approach to the study of local history is relevant. Ancestral ties in Tatar society have always been strong and representatives of the same family living in different regions maintained close contact and, therefore, kinship ties considerably affected the migration direction. In the course of our research, several directions of migration of the population of the Tetyushsky Territory were identified in different periods of history: after the fall of the Bulgarian state and, subsequently, the Kazan Khanate. The migration of certain clans took place on the territory of the current Spassky district of the Republic of Tatarstan. This movement was quite understandable, since in the memory of the people it was perceived as a movement within their land, their state. It is known that the territory of Volga Bulgaria stretched both in the left and right banks of the Volga River. It should also be noted that natives of the Tetyushsky Region founded some villages in the Almetyevsk and Spassk districts of the Republic of Tatarstan. The lack of arable land contributed to the movement of the population to the Menzelinsk district of the Ufa Province, in search of better conditions for farming. The connection of the inhabitants of the Mountain side with the southern city of Astrakhan is primarily due to its convenient geographical location for trade relations, which has been a favorite occupation of the Tatars since the beginning of centuries. Also, the climatic conditions of the southern region saved many in the hunger years in the Volga region. Those who moved from the Middle Volga region, mostly came from the Mountainous side. The study of the historical ties of the Tatars of different regions, migration processes and their directions provides new materials for researching the history of regions and settlements.

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