scholarly journals FRACTURES OF THE MANDIBLE AT THE BODY AND ANGLE REGION: PATTERNS, EPIDEMIOLOGY, DIAGNOSTIC PRINCIPLES. PART I

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
Sh. Chzhan ◽  
P. S Petruk ◽  
Yu. A Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Key Points

The article reflects the aspects of epidemiology and principles of diagnosis in mandibular fractures. The problem remains relevant today. Due to the complexity of the mechanisms of the injury and their acceptance, a variety of clinical manifestations, the limited knowledge of the patients about their injury, the diagnosis and treatment of these injuries sometimes are difficult. Detailed examination with modern imaging techniques and accurate diagnosis are the key points in successful treatment and prevention of complications in this category of patients.

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer in Patient with Functional Gastrointestinal Symptoms

2022 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Z. A. Mamieva ◽  
E. A. Poluektova ◽  
A. L. Kovaleva ◽  
O. S. Shifrin ◽  
V. P. Sobolev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Russian Association

Aim. A clinical observation to highlight the importance of detailed examination in patients with functional gastrointestinal symptoms.Key points. A 28-yo female patient was admitted with complains of left ileal pain, abdominal distention and up to 4-day stool delay. The complaints had long been interpreted as clinical manifestations of irritable bowel syndrome. No significant abnormalities were revealed in outpatient check-up (general and biochemical blood panels, stool test, abdominal ultrasound, oesophagogastroduodenoscopy). Colonoscopy was performed on admission, with diagnosis of rectal adenocarcinoma. The patient had a prompt surgical intervention, repeated courses of polychemotherapy and is currently followed by an oncologist and coloproctologist. No relapse signs have been reported.Conclusion. Patients with the complaints satisfying the Rome Criteria Revision IV for functional gastrointestinal diseases should have a thorough examination as per recommendations of the Russian Gastroenterological Association and Russian Association of Coloproctologists. 

scholarly journals Integrated treatment of cattle in fasсiolosis

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
N. Avramenko ◽  
N. Kozii ◽  
R. Shaganenko ◽  
V. Shaganenko
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
St John’S Wort ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
St John's Wort ◽  
Group 2

One of the reasons for the unprofi tability of dairy cattle breeding is fasciolose invasion. This disease can cause signifi cant economic damage in the form of a decrease in the milk production of cows, a decrease in the growth of young animals and a negative impact on the reproduction and renewal of the herd. The domestic veterinary market is saturated with a large number of various anti-trematode drugs of both foreign and domestic production, however, the price/eff ectiveness of anthelmintics remains a key aspect for animal owners. However, against parasitic drugs, they only destroy the parasite in the body of sick animals, without pouring in on the processes of recovery of the body after invasion. Longterm use of the same drugs, violation of the instructions for use of the latter leads to an increase in the number of reports of scientists from around the world about the increase in the number of cases of development of fasciol resistance in anthelmintics. That is why the search and testing of new therapeutic combinations that ensure the release of cattle from trematodes and helped restore disturbed physiological functions remain relevant today. The study presents the results of testing the use of a combination of rafenzene emulsion and infusion of St. John's wort on cattle fascioliasis in the conditions of the dairy industry of the Kyiv region. The purpose of the study was to study the therapeutic effi cacy of a combination of aetiotropic and pathogenetic therapies of calves for fasciulosis - rafenzol emulsion and infusion of herbs with St. John's wort. The young cattle of the black-bred breed, aged 12-18 months, were examined and their faeces sampled. The calves were monitored for 30 days during the experiment. They paid attention to the general condition. Heart rate, body temperature and respiratory rate were measured. Studies of individual organs and systems were performed according to conventional methods. Coprological studies were performed on the 10th and 30th day of observation. Used the method of sequential fl ushing faces. Calves, one of which was a control, was formed to study the eff ectiveness of antitrematodes measures. In each of them there were 5 animals, aff ected by fascioles, selected on the principle of analogues. The calves of the fi rst group were administered rafenzol emulsion at a dose of 0.75 ml of the preparation per 10 kg of body weight inside once, the animals of group 2 used the drug similar to the fi rst group. Previously they were fed with infusion of herbs St. John's wort. The control group was not treated.The results of the study indicate that the young is large aff ected with fascioles and the average invasion intensity is 48% and the intensity is 17 copies of eggs, respectively. Complex use of rafenzol emulsion with infusion of herbs with St. John's wort, according to the scheme, after 80 days revealed 80% of the extent and intensity. After 30 days, the indicator improved to 100%. Extensibility and intensifi cation of one rafenzol emulsion, after 10 days was 40%, for 30 days the effi ciency increased to 80%. St. John's wort improves the regeneration of tissue-damaged fasciolosis. It contributes to the absorption of feed and restore productivity. Therefore, treatment and prevention of fasciulosis in the farm is best done comprehensively. Key words: rafenzene emulsion, st. John's wort herb infusion, fasciolosis, disease intensity and intensity, effi cacy and drug intensity.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease—Therapeutic Opportunities

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anika Himmelsbach ◽  
Carina Ciliox ◽  
Claudia Goettsch
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Meta Analyses

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are highly susceptible to cardiovascular (CV) complications, thus suffering from clinical manifestations such as heart failure and stroke. CV calcification greatly contributes to the increased CV risk in CKD patients. However, no clinically viable therapies towards treatment and prevention of CV calcification or early biomarkers have been approved to date, which is largely attributed to the asymptomatic progression of calcification and the dearth of high-resolution imaging techniques to detect early calcification prior to the ‘point of no return’. Clearly, new intervention and management strategies are essential to reduce CV risk factors in CKD patients. In experimental rodent models, novel promising therapeutic interventions demonstrate decreased CKD-induced calcification and prevent CV complications. Potential diagnostic markers such as the serum T50 assay, which demonstrates an association of serum calcification propensity with all-cause mortality and CV death in CKD patients, have been developed. This review provides an overview of the latest observations and evaluates the potential of these new interventions in relation to CV calcification in CKD patients. To this end, potential therapeutics have been analyzed, and their properties compared via experimental rodent models, human clinical trials, and meta-analyses.

scholarly journals RABBIT POX

1934 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry S. N. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Careful Physical Examination

The clinical manifestations and course of a highly contagious and acutely fatal disease designated as rabbit pox have been described. The general symptomatology of this infection varies within wide limits and accurate diagnosis rests on the occurrence of certain characteristic lesions. The most distinctive sign of infection is a pock-like eruption which is often outspoken and widespread over the body, but is sometimes poorly defined and detectable only after careful physical examination. Other lesions depend upon the involvement of particular organs and give rise to special symptoms. As a rule, the incubation period of the epidemic infection varies between 5 and 7 days. No evidence of the transmission of the infection by recovered animals could be obtained. Furthermore, breeding tests demonstrated that the reproductive capacities of most animals were not permanently impaired.

scholarly journals Rare Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas: A 10-Year Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Suvendu Sekhar Jena ◽  
Samrat Ray ◽  
Sri Aurobindo Prasad Das ◽  
Naimish N Mehta ◽  
Amitabh Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Pancreatic Neoplasm ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Borderline Resectable ◽  
Pancreatic Tumours ◽  
Common Location ◽  
The Mean

Introduction. The solid pseudopapillary epithelial neoplasm (SPN) is a rare form of pancreatic neoplasm with an incidence of 2-3% of all pancreatic tumours. The recent increase in incidence is attributed to the increasing use of imaging techniques for nonspecific abdominal complaints. We report our institutional experience in the management of this tumour over the last decade. Method. We retrospectively analyzed from a prospectively maintained database of patients from January 2011 to December 2020 who were operated upon for SPN. All the patients were followed till date. Results. Of 479 patients operated on for various types of pancreatic tumours during this period, 15 (3.1%) had SPN. The mean age of presentation was 28 years with a female preponderance (12/15, 80%). The most common location was the body and tail of the pancreas (66%), and the mean size was 6.4 cm (2–15 cm). The tumour extent was defined as ‘borderline resectable’ in 20% of cases. Distal pancreatectomy was done in 11 patients with spleen preservation in 3. R0, R1, and R2 resection were done in 12, 2, and 1 patient(s), respectively. The operative mortality was 6.7%. All the patients are doing well on follow-up. Conclusion. SPN is a low-grade malignant tumour with a strong female predilection. Clinical manifestations have no specificity, imaging examination only contributes tumour location, and the final diagnosis rests on pathology. Surgery is the main modality of treatment and carries a good prognosis.

scholarly journals Features of clinical manifestations, diagnostics and treatment of oral mucosa multi-formed exudative erythema

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Ya. A. Lavrovskaya ◽  
I. G. Romanenko ◽  
O. M. Lavrovskaya ◽  
O. N. Postnikova ◽  
T. A. Logadyr
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Erythema Multiforme ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Joint Treatment

The article discusses etiological factors, pathogenesis, features of clinical manifestations, optimization of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of exudative erythema multiforme of the oral cavity. Currently, such pathological changes in the oral cavity are insufficiently studied and remain relevant in modern dentistry. Promising approaches to the successful treatment of this disease involve the implementation of additional examination and joint treatment with related specialists. Numerous studies of domestic and foreign authors demonstrate that special attention is paid to the prevention of re-morbidity of exudative erythema multiforme, aimed at preventing the occurrence of lesions of the oral mucosa.

scholarly journals Bayesian population receptive field modeling in human somatosensory cortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Puckett ◽  
Saskia Bollmann ◽  
Keerat Junday ◽  
Markus Barth ◽  
Ross Cunnington
Keyword(s):  
Receptive Field ◽  
Somatosensory Cortex ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary Somatosensory Cortex ◽  
Vibrotactile Stimulation ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
The Brain

AbstractSomatosensation is fundamental to our ability to sense our body and interact with the world. Our body is continuously sampling the environment using a variety of receptors tuned to different features, and this information is routed up to primary somatosensory cortex. Strikingly, the spatial organization of the peripheral receptors in the body are well maintained, with the resulting representation of the body in the brain being referred to as the somatosensory homunculus. Recent years have seen considerable advancements in the field of high-resolution fMRI, which have enabled an increasingly detailed examination of the organization and properties of this homunculus. Here we combined advanced imaging techniques at ultra-high field (7T) with a recently developed Bayesian population receptive field (pRF) modeling framework to examine pRF properties in primary somatosensory cortex. In each subject, vibrotactile stimulation of the fingertips (i.e., the peripheral mechanoreceptors) modulated the fMRI response along the post-central gyrus and these signals were used to estimate pRFs. We found the pRF center location estimates to be in accord with previous work as well as evidence of other properties in line with the underlying neurobiology. Specifically, as expected from the known properties of cortical magnification, we find a larger representation of the index finger compared to the other stimulated digits (middle, index, little). We also show evidence that the little finger is marked by the largest pRF sizes. The ability to estimate somatosensory pRFs in humans provides an unprecedented opportunity to examine the neural mechanisms underlying somatosensation and is critical for studying how the brain, body, and environment interact to inform perception and action.

Clinical, morphological and biochemical signs of polymycotoxicosis in highly productive cows

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Irina A. Shkuratova ◽  
◽  
Lyudmila I. Drozdova ◽  
Aleksander I. Belousov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Hepatorenal Syndrome ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Structural Disorders ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Mycotoxicological monitoring of forages shows that the problem of mycotoxicosis has been relevant for several decades. Minimal doses of mycotoxins in feed lead to a decrease in milk productivity, increased sensitivity to infectious and non-infectious diseases. When several mycotoxins enter the body simultaneously, a synergistic effect develops, causing a significant increase in toxicity. Feed contaminated with several types of fungi and their toxins is dangerous for dairy cattle. It was found that the feed mixture contained the types of associations of Aspergillus spp. fungi + Fusarium; Aspergillus spp. + Penicillium spp. + Mucor spp; Fusarium + Penicillium; Mucor spp. + Fusarium + Ustilaginales. Pathogenetic features of metabolic and morphological changes in highly productive cows with polymycotoxicosis were studied. Feeding food contaminated with various metabolites of mold fungi leads to the development of signs of chronic toxemia in animals. Clinical manifestations are the development of diarrhea and dehydration, with a decrease in milk productivity. Metabolic disorders feature the development of an inflammatory process, metabolic acidosis, hyperfermentonemia, with an increase in the amount of creatinine and urea in the blood serum. Metabolic signs indicate the development of hepatorenal syndrome due to structural disorders of the liver and kidneys. Histological signs of polymicotoxicosis are intracapillary and hemorrhagic glomerulonephritis, hepatocyte micronecrosis, and proliferation of connective tissue stroma cells, which leads to the development of atrophic cirrhosis in the interstitial and circular phases.

HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE INTESTINES OF POULTRY DURING FODDER INTOXICATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.P. Dolgov ◽  
◽  
A.A. Abramov ◽  
E.V. Kuzminova ◽  
E.V. Rogaleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Beet Pulp

The article presents the data on the study of the influence of mycotoxins combination (T-2 toxin at the concentration of 0.095 mg/kg and aflatoxin B1 in the concentration of 0.019 mg/kg) on the body of quails and the results of pharmacocorrection of toxicosis with a complex consisting of beet pulp and lecithin. Structural changes in the intestines of quais at fodder mycotoxicosis are described. The use of antitoxic feed additives in poultry led to a weakening of the action of xenobiotics, which was confirmed by an increase in the safety of poultry and increase in body weight of quails, a decrease in the clinical manifestations of intoxication, as well as in positive changes in the structure of the intestine of the poultry during histological examination.

Nanoparticles and Its Implications in HIV/AIDS Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor B. Oti
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Hiv Aids

The use of Antiretroviral drugs in treating HIV/ AIDS patients has enormously increased their life spans with serious disadvantages. The virus infection still remains a public health problem worldwide with no cure and vaccine for the viral agent until now. The use of nanoparticles (NPs) for the treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS is an emerging technology of the 21st century. NPs are solid and colloid particles with 10 nm to <1000 nm size range; although, less than 200 nm is the recommended size for nanomedical usage. There are NPs with therapeutic capabilities such as liposomes, micelles, dendrimers and nanocapsules. The particle enters the body mainly via oral intake, direct injection and inhalation. It has been proven to have potentials of advancing the prevention and treatment of the viral agent. Certain NPs have been shown to have selftherapeutic activity for the virus in vitro. Strategies that are novel are emerging which can be used to improve nanotechnology, such as genetic treatment and immunotherapy. In this review, nanoparticles, the types and its characteristics in drug delivery were discussed. The light was furthermore shed on its implications in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS.

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