scholarly journals Metaphors in political campaigning – An anthropological linguistics perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Alia Razia Malik
Keyword(s):  
Political Discourse ◽  
Linguistic Anthropology ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Second Keyword ◽  
Democratic Government ◽  
Anthropological Linguistics ◽  
General Elections ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Masses ◽  
First Time

Language is a means of communication in a society. According to linguistic anthropology, a speaker is a social actor who expresses certain ideologies through language. Concepts and ideas, transmitted through language, are part of larger cultural whole in the society. Linguistic anthropology deals with language from a cultural perspective. People represent their mental realities through language which in turn is shaped by culture. Politics is a field of power and dominance. In political discourse, power is exerted through language. Political discourse is to persuade or to motivate the masses. Hence, linguistic choices are important to achieve certain objectives. In Pakistan, the general elections of 2013 were unique in the aspect as it was the first time that one elected democratic government had completed its turn of 5 years and lead towards the next election. Otherwise, the history of Pakistan is marked by incomplete tenures of democratic government and dictatorship. The elections were held on 11 May 2013 in all constituencies of Pakistan. People from all four provinces Punjab, Sindh, Khayber Pakhtoon Khawah, Balochistan, federal area and tribal area had casted their votes.   Keywords: First keyword, second keyword, third keyword, forth keyword;

Botswana’s 2019 General Elections: A Referendum on General Ian Khama

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Batlang Seabo ◽  
Robert Nyenhuis
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Party ◽  
General Election ◽  
Electoral Democracy ◽  
The Future ◽  
General Elections ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ruling Party

Abstract On October 23, 2019, Botswana held its twelfth free and fair election. For the first time in the history of Botswana’s electoral democracy, a former president (Ian Khama) defected from the ruling party and supported the opposition. The opposition coalition, working informally with Khama, mounted a spirited campaign against the well-oiled machine, the incumbent and long-ruling Botswana Democratic Party (BDP). Seabo and Nyenhuis reflect on the 2019 general election, analyze the outcome, and consider the implications for the future of Botswana’s electoral democracy. They argue that barring other factors, the BDP’s resounding victory was mainly a result of Batswana’s rejection of former president Ian Khama.

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Emergence of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, in the 2002 General Elections

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 142-153
Author(s):  
Jamal Shah ◽  
Zahir Shah ◽  
Syed Ali Shah
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
Political Force ◽  
The Third ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
General Elections ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Though Pakistani politics is heavily influenced by religion assumed to be the reason d'etat of the creation of Pakistan, prior to 2002, religious, political parties had never achieved effective electoral results. The October 2002 elections for the National and Provincial Assemblies were a turning point for the religious, political parties in the history of Pakistan. It was the first time that a conglomeration of six religious, political parties, the Jamaat-i-Islami, the Jamiat-i-Ulema-iPakistan (JUP-N), Jamiat-i-Ahle Hadith (JAH-S), the Jamiat-Ulema-iIslam (JUI-F), Jamiat-Ulema-i-Islam (JUI-S), and the Tehrik-i-Jaferia Pakistan (TJP) swept the polls under the umbrella of the Muttahida Majlise-Amal (MMA) (United Council for Action) due to the active support of the Army and America. The alliance emerged as the third-largest political force in the country, with 45 out of the 272 National Assembly general seats. Moreover, the MMA got an overwhelming mandate in the KhyberPakhtunkhwa (KP) and Baluchistan, allowing it to form a government in the KP and became a coalition partner in Baluchistan. The present study is an attempt to answer the question, "what were the causative factors of MMA's emergence and whether it achieved what it promised during the election campaign?".

The Hindu Mahasabha and the Indian National Congress, 1915 to 1926

1975 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
Indian Nationalism ◽  
General Elections ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Congress ◽  
United Front ◽  
First Time ◽  
Indian National Congress

In 1926, when it contested the general elections to the Imperial and Provincial Legislatures for the first time, the Indian National Congress was embroiled in a protracted struggle between rival factions for control of the Congress organisation. Electoral rivalries exacerbated existing factionalism and highlighted the often contradictory aims, methods and interests pursued by competing groups within the loose framework of the nationalist movement. If the non-cooperation campaign of 1920–21 had witnessed a national awakening and initiated a more aggressive phase in the history of Indian nationalism, the unity imposed upon the Congress proved fragile and temporary. The curious alliance of forces which had adhered to the Congress in the more confident days of the movement and which were mixed so promiscuously with the survivors of the old Congress, exposed the organisation and its leadership to greater strain in sustaining the united front once the impulse of the agitation had subsided and provincial, regional and sectarian forces began to re-assert themselves with a vengeance. The price of a tenuous unity in 1920 was increased competition and disruption within the Congress throughout the decade; a whirlpool of differences which, to many contemporaries in the thick of events, threatened to overwhelm it.

scholarly journals Ah, the Roads! Or how Demagogic Ideologemes Work

2019 ◽  
pp. 167-178
Author(s):  
L. A. Agrba
Keyword(s):  
Political Discourse ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
Performance Error ◽  
Political Linguistics ◽  
The Masses ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time ◽  
Over Time

This article is an attempt to show how the means of manipulative construction of political reality work on a single example of ideological concept of “road protection”, used a quarter of a century ago by the Georgian authorities as a pretext for a military invasion of Abkhazia. The study revealed that such ideologemes initiate a certain socio-behavioral reflection and allow the aggressor country, under the guise of pseudo-human goals, to carry out both “soft” (humanitarian) and direct (military) expansion. The concept of ideology has acquired special significance for modern political linguistics, and today, in the era of hybrid wars, its analysis and study are more relevant than ever. The aim of the study is to analyze the ideology of “road protection” which highlights the manipulative conceptual features and to prove its demagogic nature. To achieve this goal, we will turn to the events of August 1992 and try to understand the symbolic and ideological concept of “road protection”, used as a lingua-pragmatic background of expansion. The goal is to understand how to use ideological cliches in the minds of the implemented setup, and create unnecessary political mood which enabled the Georgian authorities to implement, not condemned by the international community, the military invasion of the territory of Abkhazia. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time it introduces and actualizes the concept of demagogic ideology. We define demagogic ideology as a populist-propaganda stamp, manifested itself in a certain historical period as a reality, and characterized by imperativeness and, most importantly, simulativeness. Such ideological cliches are thrown in political discourse with the aim to lull the vigilance and urging them on to obviously incorrect conclusions. Over time, however, demagogic ideologies lose their importance and are perceived as not justified expectations of performance, error, not relevant axiological dominant members of a particular culture. In our work we adhered to the following methods of research: linguoideological – to interpret the content of corresponding ideologies; linguistic and semiotic – with the aim of realizing the symbolic mechanisms used for the influence and formation of the corresponding reactions in the consciousness of the masses; and linguocultural – to identify the causes of certain ideological concepts effectiveness.

Alternative Tweeting

2017 ◽  
pp. 324-343
Author(s):  
Sabrina Mercy Anthony ◽  
Weiyu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Framing Analysis ◽  
Election Coverage ◽  
General Elections ◽  
First Time

The 2011 Singapore General Election was a watershed election that saw an unprecedented amount of political discourse on social media. It also marked the first time Twitter was used on a large-scale for political communication in Singapore. Interestingly, political discourse on Twitter was found to be different from other online media. This study drew upon framing theories to investigate the alternative frames in Twitter's public discourse about the elections. Using framing analysis a comparative study was carried out between the framing of the general elections in Twitter's public discourse and Singapore's government-regulated mainstream newspaper, The Straits Times. Consistent with previous findings, the study found that election coverage in both Twitter and the mainstream newspaper used game metaframing. However, Twitter and the mainstream newspaper used different subframes, where subframes in Twitter provided an alternative narrative to the official rhetoric in the mainstream newspaper.

scholarly journals Lavoisier na sala de aula: A abordagem da história da química para o ensino da lei de conservação das massas

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Lucas Peres Guimarães ◽  
Denise Leal de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Conservation Of Mass ◽  
Historical Episode ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Resumo Lavoisier na sala de aula: A abordagem da história da para o ensino da lei de conservação das massas Esse trabalho tem como principal objetivo verificar a importância da abordagem do episódio histórico de Lavoisier para o ensino da Lei da Conservação das Massas no 9o ano do ensino fundamental em uma escola municipal de Volta Redonda (RJ). Para isso, foi construída uma sequência didática que foi dividida em três momentos, totalizando quatro aulas de cinquenta minutos. O primeiro momento tem como principal objetivo mostrar a vida de Lavoisier muito além do laboratório, buscando assim demonstrar que a vida do cientista é mais do que experimentos realizados no laboratório. No segundo momento foi trabalhada a relação de Lavoisier com a Lei da Conservação das Massas, abrindo espaço para a discussão sobre a Natureza da Ciência demonstrando como foi a superação da teoria do flogisto. O terceiro momento da sequência didática foi discutida a Lei da Conservação das Massas através de um experimento investigativo em que os alunos foram convidados a pensar o experimento com as informações históricas adquiridas. Durante a sequência didática com os discentes foram colhidas as ideias prévias que estes possuíam sobre o trabalho do cientista, demonstrado o contexto e as pessoas envolvidas com o cientista e as dificuldades encontradas por ele. O uso dessa proposta didática demonstrou ser favorável a um ambiente para proporcionar a criação de hipóteses e de questionamento por parte dos educandos, demonstrando ser possível a inserção da História da Ciência no Ensino como fio condutor de uma sequência didática em uma escola pública. Palavras-chave: Lei da Conservação das Massas. História da Ciência. Ensino de Química Abstract This work has as its main objective to verify the importance of the approach of historical episode of Lavoisier for teaching the Law of Conservation of the masses in the 9th year of elementary education in a municipal school of Volta Redonda (RJ). For this reason, it was built a didactic sequence that has been divided into three times, totaling four classes of fifty minutes. The first time it has as main objective to show the life of Lavoisier far beyond the laboratory, thus seeking to demonstrate that the life of the scientist is more than experiments conducted in the laboratory. The second time was worked on the relationship of Lavoisier with the Law of Conservation of Mass, opening up space for the discussion of the nature of science by demonstrating how was the overcoming of phlogiston theory. The third moment of the didactic sequence was discussed the Law of Conservation of the masses through an investigative experiment in which students were invited to consider the experiment with historical information acquired. During the didactic sequence with the learners were harvested the previous ideas that these were the work of a scientist, demonstrated the context and the individuals involved with the scientist and the difficulties encountered by him. The use of this didactic proposal proved to be conducive to an environment for the creation of hypotheses and questions on the part of students, demonstrating that it is possible to insert in the History of Science in education as a leitmotif of a didactic sequence in a public school. Keywords: Law of Conservation of mass. History of Science. Teaching of Chemistry

The 1924 Revolution in Sudan

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Vezzadini
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Masses ◽  
First Time

The 1924 Revolution marked the first time in Sudanese history a nationalist ideology became the language of politics and was successfully employed to mobilize the masses. It was a part of a broader movement of anticolonial nationalist agitation that merits studying this Sudanese event as an illuminating example in world history of the period. Thousands of people from all over Sudan protested in the name of principles such as self-determination and the will of the Nation, and the right of citizens to choose their own destiny. Moreover, the movement that led it, the White Flag League, explicitly sought to include people from different backgrounds, statuses, professions, and religions, to counteract the colonial policy of reliance on ethnic affiliations and social hierarchies. Even though it was bloodily put down after only six months, the events of 1924 represent a revolutionary departure in the in the history of modern Sudan.

Adam Zalužanský’s “De sexu plantarum” (1592): an early pioneering chapter on plant sexuality

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Funk
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
English Translation ◽  
History Of Botany ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Botanical History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time

In the history of botany, Adam Zalužanský (d. 1613), a Bohemian physician, apothecary, botanist and professor at the University of Prague, is a little-known personality. Linnaeus's first biographers, for example, only knew Zalužanský from hearsay and suspected he was a native of Poland. This ignorance still pervades botanical history. Zalužanský is mentioned only peripherally or not at all. As late as the nineteenth century, a researcher would be unaware that Zalužanský’s main work Methodi herbariae libri tres actually existed in two editions from two different publishers (1592, Prague; 1604, Frankfurt). This paper introduces the life and work of Zalužanský. Special attention is paid to the chapter “De sexu plantarum” of Zalužanský’s Methodus, in which, more than one hundred years before the well-known De sexu plantarum epistola of R. J. Camerarius, the sexuality of plants is suggested. Additionally, for the first time, an English translation of Zalužanský’s chapter on plant sexuality is provided.

Voices and Visions: Mind, Body and Affect in Medieval Writing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Medical Humanities ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
History Of Disease ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Texts

A properly critical medical humanities is also a historically grounded medical humanities. Such historical grounding requires taking a long cultural perspective, going beyond traditional medical history – typically the history of disease, treatment and practice – to trace the origins and development of the ideas that underpin medicine in its broadest sense – ideas concerning the most fundamental aspects of human existence: health and illness, body and mind, gender and family, care and community. Historical sources can only go so far in illuminating such topics; we must also look to other cultural texts, and in particular literary texts, which, through their imaginative worlds, provide crucial insights into cultural and intellectual attitudes, experience and creativity. Reading from a critical medical humanities perspective requires not only cultural archaeology across a range of discourses, but also putting past and present into conversation, to discover continuities and contrasts with later perspectives. Medical humanities research is illuminated by cultural and literary studies, and also brings to them new ways of seeing; the relation is dynamic. This chapter explores the ways mind, body and affect are constructed and intersect in medieval thought and literature, with a particular focus on how voice-hearing and visionary experience are portrayed and understood.

A Confrontation between Two Doctrines: The Birth of Struggle for Hegemony in Hebrew Children's Literature during the 1930s and 1940s

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
YAEL DARR
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
The Political ◽  
Literary Creation ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Literary Quality

This article describes a crucial and fundamental stage in the transformation of Hebrew children's literature, during the late 1930s and 1940s, from a single channel of expression to a multi-layered polyphony of models and voices. It claims that for the first time in the history of Hebrew children's literature there took place a doctrinal confrontation between two groups of taste-makers. The article outlines the pedagogical and ideological designs of traditionalist Zionist educators, and suggests how these were challenged by a group of prominent writers of adult poetry, members of the Modernist movement. These writers, it is argued, advocated autonomous literary creation, and insisted on a high level of literary quality. Their intervention not only dramatically changed the repertoire of Hebrew children's literature, but also the rules of literary discourse. The article suggests that, through the Modernists’ polemical efforts, Hebrew children's literature was able to free itself from its position as an apparatus controlled by the political-educational system and to become a dynamic and multi-layered field.

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