scholarly journals ROLE OF ISLAM AND ITS TOLERANCE IN CONSTRAINING TERROR

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Omar Moftah Medon ◽  
Ali Mohamed Aneba
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Side Group ◽  
Secondary Sources

<p>The tolerance in Islam springs from Sharia in both its primary and secondary sources.  There are abundance evidences found in the Qur'an and Sunnah which order people to tolerate and avoid terror. Qur'an and Sunnah as a  primary sources of Sharia do not accept terror, but invite people to have a sense of tolerance and kindness and non-extremism in Islamic dealings. Islam unrecognized a differentiation among people, except the quality of their <em>taqwa</em>. That is why  there is no different between Arabs and non-Arabs. Therefore, the primary sources of Islam have no any relation with terror and killing of the innocent. Such an example, killing the innocent is done toward a certain direction, side, group, doctrine, political thought, or sect that are the reasons of terror and enmity which increase force within communities.</p><strong><em></em></strong><strong><em></em></strong>

scholarly journals China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: Analytical overview on Socio-Cultural Romance between China and Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-508
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Majid Ali ◽  
Abdoulaye M’Begniga ◽  
Zhou Guoqing ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Bilateral Cooperation ◽  
The Relationship

China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is an important Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) project that integrates many countries. The CPEC project will play a vital role to make more strong relationship between China and Pakistan. CPEC project will enhance cooperation between Pakistan and China in field of socio-cultural and regional Bilateral Cooperation and exchange. Despite growth between two countries in the economic and trade field, there is a vital area to explore the cultural exchange, cooperation, and communication needed to improve from both sides. In this theoretical study method, the data has been obtained from primary and secondary sources. The primary sources consisted of books, official databases of China and Pakistan, MoU signed b/w both countries, etc., as the secondary sources consisted of research papers, newspapers, journals, online databases, etc. This paper has an analytical overview of the time value and general cultural and artistic exchanges between China and Pakistan. Further, the paper discussed the relationship between literature, art, and economics. In this paper, researchers have also examined the significant role of people-to-people contact for socio-cultural exchange and cooperation between China and Pakistan.

Reassessing the contents and context of governance in Asia: recognizing achievements

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Shafiqul Huque
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Ranking Countries

Purpose Good governance has been declared as the key target of most Asian governments, but it appears to be an unattainable objective. The purpose of this paper is to explore the potentials for establishing governance across Asian countries. Drawing upon the literature and experience of Asian countries, the study argues that governance represents an unclear state that is rooted more in perception than reality. An extensive review of the indicators of governance reveals the anomaly and unorganized efforts to measure it, and points to the need for recognizing accomplishments in areas that are not directly or indirectly covered in the existing schemes of assessment. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a broad review of the literature on governance and political systems in Asian countries. Existing arrangements for assessing governance are critically reviewed to point out the risks in a perception-dependent approach. Secondary sources and insight obtained from relevant research constitute the data analyzed in the paper. Findings The paper finds that the target of good governance cannot be fully achieved due to the significant diversity across Asian countries as well as varied perceptions held by assessors. Stakeholders have different perceptions about the requirements and ideal of governance and existing tools for measuring governance are inadequate. Most importantly, assessment frameworks do not recognize contextual dimensions that are relevant to Asian countries. Furthermore, it is important to recognize efforts that are aimed at improving conditions instead of working toward an absolute outcome of governance. Recognition of small successes will contribute to the improvement of circumstances rather than ranking countries on the basis of a limited number of perception-based indicators and listing them on international indices. Research limitations/implications The paper does not draw upon primary sources of information and is limited to an assessment of existing arrangements. Practical implications The paper will help draw attention to the limitations of existing arrangements of assessing countries and ranking them for the quality of governance. It will also encourage researchers to think about alternative tools for assessing governance and recognizing progress in Asian countries. Social implications The paper will encourage governments to identify obstacles to good governance and adopt policies to overcome them. Originality/value The paper contributes to the literature presenting a critical view for encouraging alternative approach to governance, incorporating perceptions of diverse stakeholders and highlights the need to recognize progress, however limited, in all areas.

Gendering the Victorian Irish child reader as buyer

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Clark
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Irish Child ◽  
Female Authors ◽  
Reading Materials ◽  
Child Reader

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to examine the role of children in an emergent Irish consumer culture and advertising from 1848-1921. In particular, the significance of children's gender and reading materials in the process of consumption will be evaluated. Design/methodology/approach – An analysis of primary sources, literature and secondary sources substantiates this research. Findings – By evaluating advertisements, magazines, school textbooks and children's literature from the 1848-1921 period, this article argues that Irish children were encouraged to engage with an emergent consumer culture through reading. This article also evaluates the importance of gender in considering children as consumers and it focuses upon a number of critically neglected Victorian, Irish, female authors who discussed the interface between advertising, consumption and the Irish child. Originality/value – This article is an original contribution to new areas of research about Irish consumerism and advertising history. Substantial archival research has been carried out which appraises the historical significance of advertisements, ephemera and critically neglected children's fiction.

scholarly journals The role of institutional collaborations in combating covid-19 in dessie, south wollo and oromia special zones of eastern amhara, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 11-27
Author(s):  
MULUGETA CHANE WUBE(MBA)
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Task Forces ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Correlation Result ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Descriptive Survey

COVID-19, declared as a global pandemic by WHO, is the ‘eye and ear’ of the world and disturbed the economic, social and political situations of almost all countries regardless of the economic development. In an effort to combat the virus, this descriptive survey tried to assess the role of institutional collaborations in Dessie City Administration, South Wollo and Oromia Special zones of Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. It also tried to examine the material, financial, technical supports and leadership commitment in combating COVID-19.A total of 385 purposely selected samples of institutions from government, private and NGOs were surveyed in 7 Woredas. Primary sources of data were used using questionnaire, interview and focus group discussions. Moreover, secondary sources of data mainly reports of anti-corona task forces reports were also used. The results of the study shows that an average financial and technical supports were provided in an effort to combat the pandemic. A below average material support and above average leadership commitments that results in an average overall outcomes of institutions collaboration in combating COVID-19 was exhibited in the study. The correlation result also found that material, financial, technical supports and leadership commitment has a significant positive impact on the outcomes of institutional collaborations in combating COVID-19.The study concluded that institutional collaboration played its own role in combating COVID-19. The study recommended that anti corona task forces organized in combating the virus from federal to Kebele level should incorporate non-government institutions together with government institutions as a member in the team so that all members of the community can be reached in an effort to mobilize adequate resources in tackling the problem.

Examining the Role of France in the Colonial Inheritance of Chad up to 1997

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-214
Author(s):  
Angelo Nicolaides
Keyword(s):  
Military Intervention ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Military Interventions ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
External Aid ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Global Arena ◽  
The Relationship

Independence of the continent in general from the grip of colonialism, except for Spanish Sahara which is not yet independent. These wars set the course for external military interventions, which, by and large, escalated the conflict in many cases and prevented a speedy conclusion to hostilities in the countries in question. This article investigates the relationship between domestic and external forces in Chad and suggests why military intervention occurred. African governments’ failure to unify the nations and their dependence on external aid to keep themselves in power led to repeated foreign involvement, particularly where the foreign powers were posturing so as to emphasise their strength in the global arena. Data was drawn from primary sources encompassing, inter alia, writings and speeches of political leaders, and numerous secondary sources on African affairs.

scholarly journals Women in Micro and Small Business Enterprises and their Financial Cruxes in Ethiopia: A Case Study of Mettu Town

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-115
Author(s):  
S.N. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Education Of Women ◽  
Business Enterprises ◽  
Growing Economy

Ethiopia is fast growing economy among countries in the continent of Africa and the participation of skilled women in the small business enterprises has become interesting for the analysis come across. The role of education of women is the crucial one, especially for third world countries like Ethiopia. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the participation of skilled women in Micro & Small Enterprises in case of Mettu town. This study has attempted to portray participation of educated women in Micro and Small Enterprises in the study area. To conduct this study, the data has been collected from both primary and secondary sources. The primary sources of data obtained through structured questionnaire, interviews and observations however the secondary sources of data are books, journals and different written documents of government as well as NGOs. Descriptive method of statistics has been used to analyze the data. The findings of the study reveal that despite of financial crunches the participation of women particularly skilled in MSEs gradually increasing over the period of time in town. Educated women are more likely preferring service sector followed by trade sector in the study area.

scholarly journals دور لغة الجسد في تعليم اللغة العربية لغير الناطقين بها من خلال درس المفردات نموذجا

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 108-129
Author(s):  
Fahmi Ridha
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Body Language ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Word Target ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Meaning Representation ◽  
Target Words

This research aims to reveal and know the importance of the role of body language in teaching Arabic to non-native speakers, especially in teaching vocabulary. This research depends on the qualitative and descriptive approach, where data is collected by looking at some books that contain topics of body language and vocabulary education as being from the primary sources, as well as all references related to this research from scientific research, refereed journals, articles and periodicals, and others as secondary sources. And the researcher may resort to some considered addresses documented in the international network of additional information. The result of this study was a The role of body language in teaching vocabulary is very important, through which the student can understand the meanings of the targeted vocabulary easily and these meanings are firmly established in his mind. The importance of body language in actual teaching using the non-linguistic method is shown in explaining the meanings of the targeted vocabulary in one of the following methods: meaning representation, role representation, position and context, reference and presentation, and direct experience. In applying this method, the following basic principles should be observed : An appropriate method in a statement meaningful significant words, not to explain more than one word at the same time, one word target recording on the blackboard by typing clear and the size of a large, repeat target words identical to the statement of movements, signs and gestures, and others, attention attracted students to focus on the statement and try to explain the desired meaning, not to increase the non-targeted alien word when making the statement, using the method of explanation as it suits the type of target words, giving the learner the opportunity to repeat the targeted words in accordance with the statement of movements, signs, gestures, etc.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR DAN PENILAIAN RISIKO PADA USAHA PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI KABUPATEN SAMBAS

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Lindawati Lindawati ◽  
Rikrik Rahadian
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Loss Probability ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Data Survey

Usaha penangkapan ikan akan selalu dihadapkan pada risiko kerugian yang tinggi, akibat daritingginya tingkat ketidakpastian. Dengan mengambil kasus usaha penangkapan ikan pelagis kecil dandemersal di Kabupaten Sambas, makalah ini bertujuan untuk menilai besaran kemungkinan terjadinyarisiko kerugian pada usaha perikanan tangkap dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penyebab risiko kerugiantersebut. Data yang digunakan terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh darihasil survey pada tahun 2014 dan 2015 terhadap sampel responden yang diambil secara purposive.Data sekunder yang dikumpulkan berupa data potensi perikanan dan laporan tahunan yang diperolehdari Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Kabupaten Sambas. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian iniadalah analisis statistik deskriptif dan simulasi Monte Carlo untuk menilai peluang risiko kerugian. Hasilsimulasi Monte Carlo menunjukkan bahwa peluang terjadinya risiko kerugian dari usaha penangkapanikan di Kabupaten Sambas adalah 30%. Berdasarkan persepsi responden, faktor-faktor penyebab risikoyang dominan antara lain: 1) peningkatan biaya operasional (93%); 2) kesulitan permodalan (76%);dan 3) gangguan kesehatan (69%). Sehingga, untuk mengurangi beban risiko yang dihadapi olehpara nelayan, maka diperlukan kebijakan penguatan permodalan usaha dalam bentuk pembentukanlembaga penyedia modal usaha bagi nelayan kecil, yang dapat menggantikan peran agen/toke dalammenyediakan modal usaha.Title:  An Assessment of Contributing Risk Factor and its Measurement on Capture Fisheries in Sambas District Captured fisheries business is daily faced with high risk due to many uncertainties that it has to deal with. This research is mainly aimed at measuring the probability of loss from the captured fisheries business conducted within the Sambas Region. The data used for the measurement done were acquired from both primary sources – a 2014-2015 panel data survey to a sample of purposively chosen 30 fishers – as well as secondary sources – regional fishery statistics and publications. The monte carlo simulation was applied to produce the measurement of loss probability intended. The simulation showed that there is a 30% chance where a captured fisheries business in Sambas Region may result in a loss. According to fishers’ perception, the probable causes of such risks may be due to a few factors, such as: 1) operating cost push (92%); 2) financing difficulties (76%); and 3) health problems (69%). Thus, alleviating the burden of risks of fishers will require a capital strengthening policy through creating a capital provision institution which could substitute the role of rent-seeking Agents/ Tokes as capital providers.

scholarly journals U-4 The role of custom and habit in the modern jurisprudence of the modern era

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Abdul Latif ◽  
Zia ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Primary Sources ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Modern Era

  Islam is complete code of life. Its basic sources Quran O Sunnah provide a lot of material about life of man. It is said that Islam has been completed about 14 hundred years ago. How is Islam compatible with society whereas society is variable (changeable) with time? The answer is that solution of every problem is present in the Holy Quran and Sunnah. There are two ways of solving the problem. Firstly, primary sources (laws) creeds, worships and actions. Secondly, secondary sources, Qias, Ijtihad, Istis-habe-hal, msaleh mursla, custom, Habits and their rules and limitations.

scholarly journals AUGMENTING CONVENTIONAL SOURCES WITH ALTERNATIVE SOURCES IN RESEARCH: AN ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL DISSERTATIONS AND THESES FROM UNIVERSITIES IN SOUTH AFRICA

Mousaion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Tlou Setumu ◽  
Mpho Ngoepe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Research Outcome ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Oral Evidence

In most historical research works, conventional sources are used. In most cases these are primary sources (eg, professionally obtained archaeological material, rock art, archival records and oral evidence) and original documents (eg, newspapers, reports and diaries), as well as secondary sources (eg, books, journal articles, theses, etc). There is consensus among historical scholars that alternative sources, such as old objects, and artefacts (eg, machinery, wagons, epitaphs, etc), are not always used adequately in research as compared to conventional sources. Researchers point out that rich sources, including alternative sources, enhance the quality of the research outcome. This study investigated the use of alternative sources by master’s and doctoral scholars in historical research at public universities in South Africa in order to compare the use thereof with the use of conventional sources. The study used a non-reactive research method, that is, content analysis of 93 selected master’s and doctoral historical research works from public universities in South Africa, to investigate the extent to which conventional sources are used at the expense of alternative sources. The study findings revealed that historical researchers preferred using conventional sources to alternative sources, which were used in only four theses. The study concluded that the use of alternative sources can enrich historical research works as well as augmenting conventional sources. A further study to investigate why researchers do not use alternative sources is recommended. In addition to historical research, the study model can be extended to fields of study such as Sociology, Anthropology and Archaeology.

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