scholarly journals Racial and Ethnic Differences in a Linkage With the National Death Index

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric A. Miller ◽  
Frances A. McCarty ◽  
Jennifer D. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
National Death Index ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Differences ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Mortality Disparities ◽  
Asian Pacific ◽  
Preventive Fraction

<p class="Pa8"><strong>Objectives: </strong>Differences in the availability of a Social Security Number (SSN) by race/ ethnicity could affect the ability to link with death certificate data in passive follow-up studies and possibly bias mortality dispari­ties reported with linked data. Using 1989- 2009 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data linked with the National Death Index (NDI) through 2011, we compared the availability of a SSN by race/ethnicity, estimated the percent of links likely missed due to lack of SSNs, and assessed if these estimated missed links affect race/ethnic­ity disparities reported in the NHIS-linked mortality data.</p><p class="Pa8"><strong>Methods: </strong>We used preventive fraction methods based on race/ethnicity-specific Cox proportional hazards models of the relationship between availability of SSN and mortality based on observed links, adjusted for survey year, sex, age, respondent-rated health, education, and US nativity.</p><p class="Pa8"><strong>Results: </strong>Availability of a SSN and observed percent linked were significantly lower for Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander (PI) participants compared with White non-His­panic participants. We estimated that more than 18% of expected links were missed due to lack of SSNs among Hispanic and Asian/PI participants compared with about 10% among White non-Hispanic partici­pants. However, correcting the observed links for expected missed links appeared to only have a modest impact on mortality disparities by race/ethnicity.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Researchers conducting analyses of mortality disparities using the NDI or other linked death records, need to be cognizant of the potential for differential linkage to contribute to their results. <em></em></p><p class="Default"><em>Ethn Dis. </em>2017;27(2):77-84; doi:10.18865/ ed.27.2.77</p>

scholarly journals The Association between Homocysteinemia and Mortality in Pre-dialysis CKD patients: A Propensity-Score Matched Analysis Using NHANES-National Death Index Link

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Je Hun Song ◽  
Hyuk Huh ◽  
Eunjin Bae ◽  
Jeonghwan Lee ◽  
Jung Pyo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Protein Energy Wasting ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Background: Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) including chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we investigated the association between serum homocysteine (Hcy) level and mortality according to the presence of CKD.Methods: Our study included data of 9,895 participants from the 1996–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). Moreover, linked mortality data were included and classified into four groups according to the Hcy level. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models using propensity-score were used to examine dose-response associations between Hcy level and mortality.Results: Of 9,895 participants, 1032 (21.2%) participants were diagnosed with CKD. In a multivariate Cox regression analysis including all participants, Hcy level was associated with all-cause mortality, compared with the 1st quartile in Model 3 (2nd quartile: hazard ratio (HR) 1.751, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.348-2.274, p<0.001; 3rd quartile: HR 2.220, 95% CI 1.726-2.855, p<0.001; 4th quartile: HR 3.776, 95% CI 2.952-4.830, p<0.001). In the non-CKD group, there was a significant association with all-cause mortality; however, this finding was not observed in the CKD group. The observed pattern was similar after propensity score matching. In the non-CKD group, overall mortality increased in proportion to Hcy concentration (2nd quartile: HR 2.195, 95% CI 1.299-3.709, p = 0.003; 3rd quartile: HR 2.607, 95% CI 1.570-4.332, p<0.001; 4th quartile: HR 3.720, 95% CI 2.254-6.139, p<0.001). However, the risk of all-cause mortality according to the quartile of Hcy level did not increase in the CKD groupConclusion: This study found a correlation between the Hcy level and mortality rate only in the non-CKD group. This altered risk factor patterns may be attributed to protein-energy wasting or chronic inflammation status that is accompanied by CKD.

Abstract 01: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Participants Exhibit Higher Rates of Cardiometabolic Mortality Compared to SNAP Eligible Non-participants and SNAP Ineligible Americans

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zach Conrad ◽  
Colin Rehm ◽  
Dariush Mozaffarian
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Supplemental Nutrition ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Nutrition Assistance

Introduction: The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is the largest food assistance program for low-income Americans. Investigating mortality in this population is crucial to determining what further efforts are needed to reduce health disparities. The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) does not provide mortality data by SNAP participation status, so diet-related mortality according to SNAP eligibility and participation is not well established. Objective: To examine cardiometabolic mortality among SNAP participants, SNAP eligible non-participants, and the SNAP ineligible population. Methods: We used data from the National Health Interview Survey for 499,741 US adults age≥25y from 2000-2009 to assess SNAP eligibility and participation. These data were merged with the NCHS Linked Mortality file (2000-2009) to create a nationally representative cohort. Participants were followed until death or through Dec 31, 2011. Survey-weighted Cox-proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios of cause-specific mortality by SNAP eligibility and participation. Results: Over a mean of 6.8 y of follow-up (maximum 11.9 y), we observed 7408 CHD deaths, 2185 stroke deaths and 1376 diabetes deaths. For all outcomes, in particular diabetes, SNAP participants had highest risk, followed by SNAP eligible non-participants, and then SNAP-ineligible individuals (Figure, panel A). Considerable differences in cause-specific risk of mortality were observed between race/ethnicities among SNAP participants, SNAP eligible non-participants, and the SNAP ineligible population (Figure, panel B). Conclusion: Major health disparities exist between SNAP participants, SNAP eligible non-participants, and SNAP ineligible Americans, as well as by race/ethnicity. Ways to improve health outcomes of SNAP participants, including potential revisions to SNAP programming, are urgently needed to reduce these inequities.

scholarly journals Timing of cranioplasty: a 10.75-year single-center analysis of 754 patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 1648-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan P. Morton ◽  
Isaac Josh Abecassis ◽  
Josiah F. Hanson ◽  
Jason K. Barber ◽  
Mimi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Bone Flap ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Bone Flap Resorption ◽  
Postoperative Hematoma ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Technical Simplicity ◽  
Postoperative Hydrocephalus

OBJECTIVEDespite their technical simplicity, cranioplasty procedures carry high reported morbidity rates. The authors here present the largest study to date on complications after cranioplasty, focusing specifically on the relationship between complications and timing of the operation.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed all cranioplasty cases performed at Harborview Medical Center over the past 10.75 years. In addition to relevant clinical and demographic characteristics, patient morbidity and mortality data were abstracted from the electronic medical record. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to analyze variables potentially associated with the risk of infection, hydrocephalus, seizure, hematoma, and bone flap resorption.RESULTSOver the course of 10.75 years, 754 cranioplasties were performed at a single institution. Sixty percent of the patients who underwent these cranioplasties were male, and the median follow-up overall was 233 days. The 30-day mortality rate was 0.26% (2 cases, both due to postoperative epidural hematoma). Overall, 24.6% percent of the patients experienced at least 1 complication including infection necessitating explantation of the flap (6.6%), postoperative hydrocephalus requiring a shunt (9.0%), resorption of the flap requiring synthetic cranioplasty (6.3%), seizure (4.1%), postoperative hematoma requiring evacuation (2.3%), and other (1.6%).The rate of infection was significantly higher if the cranioplasty had been performed < 14 days after the initial craniectomy (p = 0.007, Holm-Bonferroni–adjusted p = 0.028). Hydrocephalus was significantly correlated with time to cranioplasty (OR 0.92 per 10-day increase, p < 0.001) and was most common in patients whose cranioplasty had been performed < 90 days after initial craniectomy. New-onset seizure, however, only occurred in patients who had undergone their cranioplasty > 90 days after initial craniectomy. Bone flap resorption was the least likely complication for patients whose cranioplasty had been performed between 15 and 30 days after initial craniectomy. Resorption was also correlated with patient age, with a hazard ratio of 0.67 per increase of 10 years of age (p = 0.001).CONCLUSIONSCranioplasty performed between 15 and 30 days after initial craniectomy may minimize infection, seizure, and bone flap resorption, whereas waiting > 90 days may minimize hydrocephalus but may increase the risk of seizure.

Socioeconomic status, race, and mortality disparities in insured patients in southern California.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e19060-e19060
Author(s):  
Robert Michael Cooper ◽  
Reina Haque ◽  
Joanne E. Schottinger
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Overall Mortality

e19060 Background: One known factor related to increased mortality is lack of health insurance coverage. To eliminate this variable we evaluated overall mortality by socioeconomic status (SES) in an insured southern California population diagnosed with cancer accounting for confounding factors including race/ethnicity. Methods: We identified adults diagnosed with eight common cancers from 2009-2014 from the California Cancer Registry and followed them through 2017. We calculated person-year mortality rates by SES and race/ethnicity. Adjusted hazard ratios for the association between all-cause mortality and SES were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models accounting for covariates (race/ethnicity, demographics, stage, treatments). Results: A total of 164,197 adults were diagnosed with cancers of the breast, prostate, lung, colon, melanoma, uterus, kidney and bladder; total of numbers of deaths was N=41,727. Compared to subjects in the highest SES quintile, we found an increased overall mortality risk in each of the lower SES quintiles. In multivariable models, mortality risk was 16% to 37% greater in the lower SES groups versus the highest SES group. Conclusions: After multivariable adjustment that accounted for race/ethnicity, cancer treatments and tumor factors, insured individuals in lower SES groups had a significantly higher overall mortality risk compared those in the highest SES group. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Metabolites of Dietary Lignans and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1439-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buyun Liu ◽  
Shuang Rong ◽  
Yangbo Sun ◽  
Robert Wallace ◽  
Linda Snetselaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Objectives Lignans are bioactive compounds exhibiting various biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor activities. Epidemiological studies regarding long-term health effects of lignans are sparse. In humans, most lignans in plant-based foods are converted by the intestinal microbiota to enterolactone and enterodiol after ingestion. We examined the association of urinary levels of enterolactone and enterodiol with the risk of mortality among adults in the United States. Methods This is a prospective cohort study including 6262 adults aged 40 years or older who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2010. These participants were linked to mortality data through December 31, 2015. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of urinary enterolactone and enterodiol levels with mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. Results During on average 9.3 years (maximum 16.8 years) of observation, 1456 death occurred including 329 death from CVD, and 330 death from cancer. After adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, dietary and lifestyle factors, and urinary creatinine levels, the HRs (95% CIs) of all-cause mortality across increasing quartiles of urinary enterolactone levels were 1.00 (reference), 0.90 (0.77–1.05), 0.83 (0.71–0.97), and 0.81 (0.66–0.99), respectively (P for trend 0.02). We did not observe significant associations of urinary enterolactone levels with CVD mortality (HR for the highest vs. lowest quartiles 1.17, 95% CI 0.71–1.91) or cancer mortality (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.55–1.21). For enterodiol, the HRs (95% CIs) of all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, and cancer mortality comparing the highest with lowest quartile of urinary enterodiol levels were 1.17 (0.94–1.45), 1.23 (0.83–1.81), and 1.05 (0.69–1.58), respectively. There was no significant interaction effects by sex and race/ethnicity for the observed associations. Conclusions In this nationally representative sample of US adults, urinary enterolactone levels was inversely associated with all-cause mortality. Further studies are needed to replicate the findings and determine the underlying mechanisms. Funding Sources N/A.

scholarly journals Associations of Accelerometry-Assessed and Self-Reported Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Among US Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 (9) ◽  
pp. 621-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly R. Evenson ◽  
Fang Wen ◽  
Amy H. Herring
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract The US physical activity (PA) recommendations were based primarily on studies in which self-reported data were used. Studies that include accelerometer-assessed PA and sedentary behavior can contribute to these recommendations. In the present study, we explored the associations of PA and sedentary behavior with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a nationally representative sample. Among the 2003–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cohort, 3,809 adults 40 years of age or older wore an accelerometer for 1 week and self-reported their PA levels. Mortality data were verified through 2011, with an average of 6.7 years of follow-up. We used Cox proportional hazards models to obtain adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. After excluding the first 2 years, there were 337 deaths (32% or 107 of which were attributable to CVD). Having higher accelerometer-assessed average counts per minute was associated with lower all-cause mortality risk: When compared with the first quartile, the adjusted hazard ratio was 0.37 (95% confidence interval: 0.23, 0.59) for the fourth quartile, 0.39 (95% confidence interval: 0.27, 0.57) for the third quartile, and 0.60 (95% confidence interval: 0.45, 0.80) second quartile. Results were similar for CVD mortality. Lower all-cause and CVD mortality risks were also generally observed for persons with higher accelerometer-assessed moderate and moderate-to-vigorous PA levels and for self-reported moderate-to-vigorous leisure, household and total activities, as well as for meeting PA recommendations. Accelerometer-assessed sedentary behavior was generally not associated with all-cause or CVD mortality in fully adjusted models. These findings support the national PA recommendations to reduce mortality.

scholarly journals Durability of mRNA-1273 against COVID-19 in the time of Delta: Interim results from an observational cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Florea ◽  
Lina S. Sy ◽  
Yi Luo ◽  
Lei Qian ◽  
Katia J. Bruxvoort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Kaiser Permanente ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Background: We conducted a prospective cohort study at Kaiser Permanente Southern California to study the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of mRNA-1273 over time and during the emergence of the Delta variant. Methods: The cohort for this planned interim analysis consisted of individuals aged ≥18 years receiving 2 doses of mRNA-1273 through June 2021, matched 1:1 to randomly selected unvaccinated individuals by age, sex, and race/ethnicity, with follow-up through September 2021. Outcomes were SARS-CoV-2 infection, and COVID-19 hospitalization and hospital death. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing outcomes in the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. Adjusted VE (%) was calculated as (1-aHR)x100. HRs and VEs were also estimated for SARS-CoV-2 infection by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and during the Delta period (June-September 2021). VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 hospitalization was estimated at 0-<2, 2-<4, 4-<6, and 6-<8 months post-vaccination. Results: 927,004 recipients of 2 doses of mRNA-1273 were matched to 927,004 unvaccinated individuals. VE (95% CI) was 82.8% (82.2-83.3%) against SARS-CoV-2 infection, 96.1% (95.5-96.6%) against COVID-19 hospitalization, and 97.2% (94.8-98.4%) against COVID-19 hospital death. VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection was similar by age, sex, and race/ethnicity, and was 86.5% (84.8-88.0%) during the Delta period. VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection decreased from 88.0% at 0-<2 months to 75.5% at 6-<8 months. Conclusions: These interim results provide continued evidence for protection of 2 doses of mRNA-1273 against SARS-CoV-2 infection over 8 months post-vaccination and during the Delta period, and against COVID-19 hospitalization and hospital death.

scholarly journals A semi-supervised approach for rapidly creating clinical biomarker phenotypes in the UK Biobank using different primary care EHR and clinical terminology systems

JAMIA Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spiros Denaxas ◽  
Anoop D Shah ◽  
Bilal A Mateen ◽  
Valerie Kuan ◽  
Jennifer K Quint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Expert Review ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Objectives The UK Biobank (UKB) is making primary care electronic health records (EHRs) for 500 000 participants available for COVID-19-related research. Data are extracted from four sources, recorded using five clinical terminologies and stored in different schemas. The aims of our research were to: (a) develop a semi-supervised approach for bootstrapping EHR phenotyping algorithms in UKB EHR, and (b) to evaluate our approach by implementing and evaluating phenotypes for 31 common biomarkers. Materials and Methods We describe an algorithmic approach to phenotyping biomarkers in primary care EHR involving (a) bootstrapping definitions using existing phenotypes, (b) excluding generic, rare, or semantically distant terms, (c) forward-mapping terminology terms, (d) expert review, and (e) data extraction. We evaluated the phenotypes by assessing the ability to reproduce known epidemiological associations with all-cause mortality using Cox proportional hazards models. Results We created and evaluated phenotyping algorithms for 31 biomarkers many of which are directly related to COVID-19 complications, for example diabetes, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease. Our algorithm identified 1651 Read v2 and Clinical Terms Version 3 terms and automatically excluded 1228 terms. Clinical review excluded 103 terms and included 44 terms, resulting in 364 terms for data extraction (sensitivity 0.89, specificity 0.92). We extracted 38 190 682 events and identified 220 978 participants with at least one biomarker measured. Discussion and conclusion Bootstrapping phenotyping algorithms from similar EHR can potentially address pre-existing methodological concerns that undermine the outputs of biomarker discovery pipelines and provide research-quality phenotyping algorithms.

scholarly journals High School Quality and 56-Year All-Cause Mortality Risk Across Race and Ethnicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 505-506
Author(s):  
Dominika Seblova ◽  
Kelly Peters ◽  
Susan Lapham ◽  
Laura Zahodne ◽  
Tara Gruenewald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
School Quality ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
School Level ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Abstract Having more years of education is independently associated with lower mortality, but it is unclear whether other attributes of schooling matter. We examined the association of high school quality and all-cause mortality across race/ethnicity. In 1960, about 5% of US high schools participated in Project Talent (PT), which collected information about students and their schools. Over 21,000 PT respondents were followed for mortality into their eighth decade of life using the National Death Index. A school quality factor, capturing term length, class size, and teacher qualifications, was used as the main predictor. First, we estimated overall and sex-stratified Cox proportional hazards models with standard errors clustered at the school level, adjusting for age, sex, composite measure of parental socioeconomic status, and 1960 cognitive ability. Second, we added an interaction between school quality and race/ethnicity. Among this diverse cohort (60% non-Hispanic Whites, 23% non-Hispanic Blacks, 7% Hispanics, 10% classified as another race/s) there were 3,476 deaths (16.5%). School quality was highest for Hispanic respondents and lowest for non-Hispanic Blacks. Non-Hispanic Blacks also had the highest mortality risk. In the whole sample, school quality was not associated with mortality risk. However, higher school quality was associated with lower mortality among those classified as another race/s (HR 0.75, 95% CI: 0.56-0.99). For non-Hispanic Blacks and Whites, the HR point estimates were unreliable, but suggest that higher school quality is associated with increased mortality. Future work will disentangle these differences in association of school quality across race/ethnicity and examine cause-specific mortality.

scholarly journals Changes in Metabolic Syndrome Status and Breast Cancer Risk: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1177
Author(s):  
In Young Choi ◽  
Sohyun Chun ◽  
Dong Wook Shin ◽  
Kyungdo Han ◽  
Keun Hye Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Screening Program ◽  
Design And Methods

Objective: To our knowledge, no studies have yet looked at how the risk of developing breast cancer (BC) varies with changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) status. This study aimed to investigate the association between changes in MetS and subsequent BC occurrence. Research Design and Methods: We enrolled 930,055 postmenopausal women aged 40–74 years who participated in a biennial National Health Screening Program in 2009–2010 and 2011–2012. Participants were categorized into four groups according to change in MetS status during the two-year interval screening: sustained non-MetS, transition to MetS, transition to non-MetS, and sustained MetS. We calculated multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for BC incidence using the Cox proportional hazards models. Results: At baseline, MetS was associated with a significantly increased risk of BC (aHR 1.11, 95% CI 1.06–1.17) and so were all of its components. The risk of BC increased as the number of the components increased (aHR 1.46, 95% CI 1.26–1.61 for women with all five components). Compared to the sustained non-MetS group, the aHR (95% CI) for BC was 1.11 (1.04–1.19) in the transition to MetS group, 1.05 (0.96–1.14) in the transition to non-MetS group, and 1.18 (1.12–1.25) in the sustained MetS group. Conclusions: Significantly increased BC risk was observed in the sustained MetS and transition to MetS groups. These findings are clinically meaningful in that efforts to recover from MetS may lead to reduced risk of BC.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document