Trauma and the Effects on the Midwife

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Calvert ◽  
Cheryl Benn
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Relational Trust ◽  
Health Organizations ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Practice Experience ◽  
Eclectic Approach ◽  
Narrative Interview ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Family Midwives

BACKGROUND:When practicing as a lead maternity carer, the first author (IC) found that following a traumatic practice experience, there appeared to be very little emotional support for the midwife unless provided by colleagues or family. Midwives were expected to continue as if nothing had happened and they had not been affected in any way by the event.AIM:To explore the effects of a traumatic practice experience on the midwifery practitioner.RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND METHOD:A qualitative study using a narrative research method was implemented. Data were collected using an adapted biographical narrative interview method. An eclectic approach was used to analyze the data for content and form based on identity and ontology.FINDINGS:The study demonstrated that partnership and autonomous midwifery practice are key drivers that make New Zealand midwives more likely to be blamed for unfortunate outcomes, and their competence in practice challenged. The study identified that a breach of relational trust exacerbates or prolongs the initial physiological and/or psychological symptoms experienced by the participating midwives following a traumatic practice event. The perpetrators of this betrayal of trust were organizational and clinical managers, medical and midwifery colleagues, women, and their families.CONCLUSION:The participants’ stories have drawn attention to the effects of counterproductive behaviors that occur in dysfunctional health organizations and the need for professional emotional support.

scholarly journals Local Wisdom of Tahlīl and Tunggu Kubur Practices in Death Custom among The Malays in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yusri Salleh Yusof ◽  
Mohd Anuar Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Eclectic Approach ◽  
The Family ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Customary Practices

Custom plays a significant role in any organised community as well as in the building of mutual harmony and avoiding conflicts. The establishment of a custom is the result from the interaction between the wisdom of the local intellectuals and its environment to meet the needs of the local community. The Malay community is a group that is rich with traditions, ranging from the birth customs, marriage and death. Basically, in the practice of the Malay customs there exists two polemics in which forms two opposing schools of thought. First is the fundamentalist that rejects most local customary practices. Second, is the traditionalist as they only accept the valid customs practised in society and reject invalid customs. These opposing views can be seen in various customary practices, for example in the death custom or ceremonies such as tahlīl (recital ceremony for the deceased), talqīn (recital for the deceased during burial), and tunggu kubur (grave waiting). Therefore, this study focuses on exploring the practice of tahlīl (recital ceremony for the dead) and tunggu kubur (grave waiting) through the concept of the local wisdom from the perspective of the principles of Islamic jurisprudence. To achieve these objectives, this study deploys an eclectic approach and interview method. The collected qualitative data were analysed thematically. The results of the study showed that there are elements of local wisdom behind these practices. In the Malay community, tahlīl (recital ceremony for the deceased) is a form of psychological and emotional support as well as a communal approach to the family of the deceased while the practice of tunggu kubur (grave waiting) is an approach to protect the burried corpses from thefts and mystical activities. Therefore, the local wisdom implied behind the practices are valid and hence, included in the category of accepted customary practices.  

scholarly journals PERFIL PSICOLÓGICO EN ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA EN UNIVERSIDAD DEL CUSCO / PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE IN MEDICINE STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY IN CUSCO

SITUA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Américo Muñiz Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Profile ◽  
Prior Informed Consent ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Transversal Study ◽  
De Medicina

Resumen. Se realiza un estudio transversal en estudiantes de medicina de 5to ciclo de Medicina Humana en la Universidad Andina del Cusco, estudiando el perfil psicológico. Se aplican, previo consentimiento informado, los test de Gaston Berger, Impulsividad de Barratt, Agresividad de Buss y Perry, Habilidades Sociales de la OMS y SQR-18 del MINSA y se realiza un análisis de correlaciones entre las distintas variables con el sexo. Los resultados obtenidos más relevantes son que hay un nivel promedio de impulsividad y agresividad. Nivel Promedio-alto y alto en habilidades sociales. Nivel de ansiedad - depresión de 22%; 54.4% de síntomas psicóticos, 10.3% de problemas graves con el consumo de alcohol. Hay escasos niveles de correlación entre las variables. Se recomienda hacer estudios con mayor población y análisis factorial e implementar medidas de soporte emocional y consejería para los estudiantes. Palabras clave:  impulsividad, agresividad, habilidades sociales, síntomas psicológicos Abstract.  A transversal study is carried out in medical students of the 5th cycle of Human Medicine at the Universidad Andina del Cusco, studying the psychological profile. The Gaston Berger, Barratt Impulsivity, Buss and Perry Aggression, WHO Social Skills and SQR-18 MINSA tests are applied with prior informed consent and a correlation analysis between the different variables with sex is performed. The most relevant results obtained are that there is an average level of impulsivity and aggressiveness. Average-high and high in social skills. Level of anxiety - depression of 22%; 54.4% of psychotic symptoms, 10.3% of serious problems with alcohol consumption. There are few levels of correlation between the variables. It is recommended to conduct studies with a larger population and factor analysis and implement measures of emotional support and counseling for students. Key words: impulsivity, aggressiveness, social skills, psychological symptoms

scholarly journals Exploring dementia family carers’ self-initiated strategies in managing behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e048761
Author(s):  
Dara K Y Leung ◽  
Kayla K Y Wong ◽  
Aimee Spector ◽  
Gloria H Y Wong
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
The People ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Supportive Family

ObjectivesCarer’s self-initiated management strategies of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) can inform intervention development. These strategies are affected by cultural values. Little is known about non-Western dementia carers’ BPSD management strategies. This study aimed to explore self-initiated strategies in managing BPSD adopted by Chinese carers.DesignQualitative study using thematic framework method.SettingCommunity setting in Hong Kong.Participants16 dementia carers with purposive sampling to include carers of different relationships to the people living with dementia (PLwD), education level and living arrangement.ResultsSix overarching themes emerged from the data: (1) maintaining personhood in PLwD, (2) responding positively to BPSD, (3) explanation and bargaining, (4) responding negatively to BPSD, (5) controlling upsetting thoughts, and (6) getting respite care. Chinese carers treasured warm and supportive family relationships. They identified and minimised triggers to alleviate BPSD. Some carers struggled with care tasks and reacted with confrontation and avoidance. Changing attitudes and getting social and emotional support were described to manage carers’ distress. Few self-care strategies including getting respite care were reported.ConclusionsCarers’ self-initiated strategies largely aligned with existing theoretical frameworks in BPSD management, such as person-centred approach, and echoed Asian culture, which advocates filial piety and supportive family relationships. While these cultural values encourage the engagement of people living with dementia in the normal process of family life, they may also prevent carers from taking time away from care. Interventions could support carers by enhancing their knowledge and skills in managing BPSD, providing social and emotional support, and providing guidance in self-care. Future cross-cultural research could explore factors contributing to how carers manage BPSD and how interventions could be culturally adapted to facilitate carers to apply learnt skills in daily practice and hence benefit the people living with dementia and carer population.

scholarly journals Fragments of the Soviet Past: Evolution of Contemporary Russian Pentecostals

TECHNOLOGOS ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Kliuev Vera
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Narrative Interview ◽  
Pentecostal Churches ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Soviet Experience

Soviet and modern Pentecostal practices of participation/non-participation in public life have been analyzed in this article. The author has formulated a question of research: does the Soviet experience influence the formation of norms and practices among conservative Pentecostals? In this article the author used field materials collected in urban and rural communities of the European Russia, the Urals, Siberia and the Republic of Kazakhstan in the 2010s. The main method of data collection is the Biographical Narrative Interview Method. These narratives were supplemented and verified by documents of government authorities from central and regional archives and ego-documents of believers (testimonies, memoirs, and letters). Soviet Pentecostals created their own internal space with specific ways of communication, regulation of community life. Soviet Pentecostals in the Evangelical community were distinguished by specific religious practices. They were characterized by social isolationism. They created their own meaning of participation/non-participation in the everyday life of secular society and Soviet practices. Pentecostals developed a strategy of passive participation in military service, had their own ideas about the possibility of obtaining higher education. They had their own view of Soviet social and cultural life. Pentecostals were subjected to social exclusion due to ideological reasons, but they were able to integrate into Soviet everyday life. In the post-Soviet period, most restrictions ceased to exist and believers were able to adapt to the current situation. At the same time, they retained restrictions based on theological and doctrinal principles. Until now, Pentecostal churches still maintain rules of conduct in everyday life, including those based on the Soviet experience.

scholarly journals Świadek historii. Swobodne wspominanie a krytyka źródła historycznego – o ambiwalencji metody w zachodnioniemieckiej oral history około roku 1980

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 39-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franka Maubach
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Narrative Interview ◽  
The Social ◽  
Past Experiences

Only recently has the contemporary witness become the subject of academic study. The emerging scholarship views this figure as belonging to a specific historical period, namely the post-Holocaust era. Today, the narrations of the contemporary witness are commonly understood as constructs, as stories developed synchronously in the course of the interview. The article takes a closer look at the formative period of the German Oral History studies around 1980, a field deeply informed by post-dictatorial sensibilities. It locates the figure of the contemporary witness, the interviewer and the interview methods employed within the historical context in which they emerged. Moreover, if we consider other Oral History approaches developed elsewhere and compare the German approach to Fritz Schütze’s narrative interview method for the social sciences, it can be identified as a genuinely historical, diachronically operating approach. By letting the interviewees talk about their memories uninterrupted, they were encouraged to reflect on their lives as a whole. A the same time, pioneers of the field such as Lutz Niethammer and Alexander von Plato developed ways to verify the narrations’ plausibility and thus to evaluate the reliability of the interview as istorical source. This combination of empathy and skepticism, of unconditional interest in a person’s full life-story and its critical verification became the hallmark of German Oral history Studies, not least because emerged in a post-dictatorial society. Rather than studying memories as mere constructions of the past, they developed a methodology aimed at enabling historians to get access to the actual past experiences which they believed are contained in the retrospective testimonies of individual human beings.

scholarly journals Persuasion, Adaptation, and Double Identity: Qualitative Study on the Psychological Impact of a Screen-Detected Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lesley M. McGregor ◽  
Sara Tookey ◽  
Rosalind Raine ◽  
Christian von Wagner ◽  
Georgia Black
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Diagnostic Pathway ◽  
Narrative Interview ◽  
Cancer Screening Programme ◽  
Bowel Cancer Screening

The NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) is aimed at reducing colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality through early detection within a healthy population. This study explores how 5 people (three females) experience and make sense of their screen-detected diagnosis and the psychological implications of this diagnostic pathway. A biographical narrative interview method was used, and transcripts were analysed using a thematic analysis with a phenomenological lens. Themes specifically relating to posttreatment experience and reflections are reported here: Do it: being living proof, Resisting the threat of recurrence, Rationalising bodily change, and Continuing life—“carrying on normally.” Participants described their gratefulness to the BCSP, motivating a strong desire to persuade others to be screened. Furthermore, participants professed a duality of experience categorised by the normalisation of life after diagnosis and treatment and an identification of strength post cancer, as well as a difficulty adjusting to the new changes in life and a contrasting identity of frailty. Understanding both the long- and short-term impacts of a CRC diagnosis through screening is instrumental to the optimisation of support for patients. The results perhaps highlight a particular target for psychological distress reduction, which could reduce the direct and indirect cost of cancer to the patient.

scholarly journals What is Racism? Othering, Prejudice and Hate-motivated Violence

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-135
Author(s):  
Tony Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Free Association ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Narrative Interview ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The Individual

The paper’s concern is the current difficulty, in journalism, the academy and politics, of discussing questions to do with race, ethnicity, difference and immigration because of the fear of being called a racist. It starts with an analysis of biographical interview data drawn from fifteen people who had variously acquired the label racist and who were part of a small-scale study into racism in the Midlands city of Stoke-on-Trent, UK conducted between 2003 and 2005. The interviews used the free association narrative interview method. This analysis revealed that most people do not consider themselves racist and that having a conviction for a racially aggravated offence or being a member of a far right organisation was not able to differentiate racists from non-racists. It also revealed a spectrum of attitudes towards immigrants or particular ethnic groups: strong expressions of hatred at one end of the spectrum; strong prejudicial feelings in the middle; and a feeling that ‘outsider’ groups should not benefit at the expense of ‘insiders’ (called ‘othering’) at the other end. The turn to theory for assistance revealed that, although hatred, prejudice and ‘othering’ are not the same thing, and do not have the same origins, they have become elided. This is primarily because cognitive psychology’s hostility to psychoanalysis marginalised hatred whilst its exclusive preoccupation with prejudice came effectively to define racism at the individual level. Progress in thinking about racism might consist of abolishing the term and returning to thinking about hatred, prejudice and ‘othering’ separately.

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