scholarly journals Fragments of the Soviet Past: Evolution of Contemporary Russian Pentecostals

TECHNOLOGOS ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Kliuev Vera
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Narrative Interview ◽  
Pentecostal Churches ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Soviet Experience

Soviet and modern Pentecostal practices of participation/non-participation in public life have been analyzed in this article. The author has formulated a question of research: does the Soviet experience influence the formation of norms and practices among conservative Pentecostals? In this article the author used field materials collected in urban and rural communities of the European Russia, the Urals, Siberia and the Republic of Kazakhstan in the 2010s. The main method of data collection is the Biographical Narrative Interview Method. These narratives were supplemented and verified by documents of government authorities from central and regional archives and ego-documents of believers (testimonies, memoirs, and letters). Soviet Pentecostals created their own internal space with specific ways of communication, regulation of community life. Soviet Pentecostals in the Evangelical community were distinguished by specific religious practices. They were characterized by social isolationism. They created their own meaning of participation/non-participation in the everyday life of secular society and Soviet practices. Pentecostals developed a strategy of passive participation in military service, had their own ideas about the possibility of obtaining higher education. They had their own view of Soviet social and cultural life. Pentecostals were subjected to social exclusion due to ideological reasons, but they were able to integrate into Soviet everyday life. In the post-Soviet period, most restrictions ceased to exist and believers were able to adapt to the current situation. At the same time, they retained restrictions based on theological and doctrinal principles. Until now, Pentecostal churches still maintain rules of conduct in everyday life, including those based on the Soviet experience.

scholarly journals VISUAL IMAGERY OF THE CHUVASH SATIRICAL MAGAZINE “KAPKAN” AS AN ETHNOGRAPHIC SOURCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-191
Author(s):  
Anna A. Shevtsova
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Literary Fiction ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Context Analysis ◽  
Graphic Art ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Republic

The Chuvash literary-fiction illustrated satire and humour magazine “Kapkăn” (“Kapkan”) was chosen as the object of research. Chronological framework of the study covers 1956–1991: published intermittently since 1925in Cheboksary (originally – as a literary appendix to the newspaper “Kanash”), in 1940 the magazine ceased to be published, its issuing was resumed only in 16 years. The rich post-Soviet history of “Kapkan” (its issuing was suspended in 2017) with a changed plot and imagery of the visual series is the topic of a separate study. The broad narrative and figurative range of illustrations of “Kapkan”, their abundance and quality were determined by the fact that over decades of its fruitful work many masters of the genre who were famous outside the Republic and who were published in the central press, collaborated with the magazine, including publications in the “elder brother” of republican propaganda satirical publications – the subordinate edition of the newspaper “Pravda» – “Crocodile” magazine. The lack of studies on iconography of the Soviet period of the journal “Kapkan” determines the novelty of the research. The aim of the study is to determine the opportunities of using the visual imagery of the mentioned periodical as an ethnographic source and a source on the history of everyday life. The author considered the methods of content- and context-analysis as the most adequate ones in this case. Turning to such subjects as mismanagement, localism, nepotism, bribery, bureaucracy, artists give considerable food for thought to historians who study the problems of everyday life. The visual imagery of “Kapkan” of the postwar period makes it possible to study not only Soviet social problems through aspects of everyday life of an “ordinary Soviet man”, but classical anthropological subjects (kinship and connection by marriage, gift exchange, power, rites of transition, initiation, social experience passing, work ethic, etc.) as well. “Socialist in content”, the graphic art of the Chuvash caricaturists, was nevertheless sometimes “national in form”. At the same time, “Kapkan” did not too much work the pedals of purely national plots, did not strive for spectacular exoticism. The magazine which was published in the Chuvash language knew and understood its readers, their needs, their daily life. The emotional degree of illustrations to the “Kapkan” ranged from mild patronizing humor to hard-edged accusatory satire; it is important that the stated balance – humor and satire – in an uneasy and often ideologized environment was almost always maintained. A wide range of themes and subjects, the skill to combine graphic materials of different artists, professionals and amateur masters with their own creative manner deserve the closest attention of researchers.

scholarly journals The socio-cultural conditions for the adaptation of “new” ethnic groups in the Republic of Tatarstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-81
Author(s):  
Gulnara F. Gabdrakhmanova ◽  
Elvina A. Sagdieva
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Republic

Censuses conducted at the turn of the 21st century reveal an increase in ethnic diversity in Tatarstan. The migration of people, who became the namesakes for Soviet republics and CIS states, has lead to the emergence of unconventional ethnic groups in this region. Matters regarding why some of their members are able to establish themselves in the region, while others are not, as well as the factors which affect the process – all of this has not been sufficiently examined. The key objective of this study was to reveal the subjective socio-cultural conditions for the process of “new” ethnic groups attaching themselves to Tatarstan, them having spent various amounts of time in the republic. In 2016 the authors conducted a study of the aforementioned process while focusing on the Tajiks and Uzbeks living in Tatarstan. Using a qualitative approach (while utilizing interview method), which involved exposing the most typical forms of the subjective perception of migration (phenomenology of M. Weber, A. Schutz, E. Husserl, H. Bergson). In depth interviews revealed that the length of stay and an absence of plans for leaving the region of settlement are insufficient (in some cases even invalid) markers of migrant adaptation: the latter should be determined using the socio-cultural characteristics of inbound migrants. These would include their socialization in their regions of departure, their migration experience and reasons for moving to Tatarstan, whether they have a family or not, their family ties, whether they regard themselves and their children as citizens of the Russian Federation, the degree to which they have absorbed the cultural norms of the host community (which includes knowledge of the local languages), their ethnic identity and interethnic networks. Analyzing these parameters allowed for highlighting three adaptation strategies utilized by Tajiks and Uzbeks living in the Republic of Tatarstan. The first one is represented by those who moved there at the end of the Soviet period, or the beginning of the post-Soviet period. These are the “old inhabitants”. This group does not include those who have not integrated, despite them staying in Tatarstan for prolonged periods several times. They do not possess their own residence, or Russian citizenship, and do not seek to attain it. They have no intent to adopt the culture of the host society, often live in isolation, while their families reside in Tajikistan or Uzbekistan. An intermediate position is occupied by migrants who have been living in Tatarstan for quite a long time. All of them are employed, some of them have their own residence and Russian citizenship. Some of them live there together with their families. Such informants consider themselves distant from the locals in terms of culture, while considering their regions of departure to be their homeland. Despite the varying degree of attachment (or lack thereof), one common thing among all of those migrants surveyed is the fact that Islam was one of the key motivational terms of their migration.

Radicalization of Dagestan’s youth in the post-Soviet period

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-4) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Yusup Guseynov
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Regular Process ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article is based on archival materials, field ethnographic material and examines the problem of youth radicalism in the post-Soviet period. In the XXI century the second regular process of recruiting young people into the ranks of terrorists began. However, thanks to the official clergy (the Muftiate of the Republic of Dagestan), state authorities, public associations of the Republic, the process of radicalization of young people has stopped.

Bastions of Tradition: The Ethnic Factor and Political Machines in Russian Regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-111
Author(s):  
Stanislav Shkel
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Political Machines ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
Material Benefits ◽  
The Republic

The regional machines created by the Russian governors in the mid-1990s turned out to be most effective in the ethnic republics. This phenomenon is supported by several facts, with the primary as follows: the density of the patronage networks among the rural ethnic minorities, and the economic heritage of the Soviet period and ethnical institutionalization. These factors allowed regional elites to integrate ethnic minorities into the clientelism structure to distribute symbolic and material benefits in exchange for their electoral support. However, at present, the federal authorities have considerably reduced the autonomy of the ethnic republics and deprived them of many ethnic preferences. Basing on the analysis of the electoral statistics from the Russian Presidential Election of 2018, this article researches the political consequences caused by the changed relationship between the center and the regions, as well as the changes in functioning of regional political machines in the circumstances where the governors’ institutional and resource autonomy has been reduced. The data analysis allowed for the discovery of the diversified electoral behavior of ethnic minorities in different republics. The reasons for the above diversification have been explained based on a comparative analysis of five case studies (the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Republic of Tatarstan, the Komi Republic, the Chuvash Republic, and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)).

The Second Spanish Republic in soviet and russian studies: specificity, problems, interpretations

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-368
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Grantseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Second Spanish Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cultural Dialogue ◽  
Ideological Attitudes

For many years, representatives of Soviet and then Russian historical science paid special attention to the period of the Second Spanish Republic and, especially, to the events of 1936-1939. The Spanish Civil War was and remains a topic that attracts the attention of specialists and influences the development of a multifaceted Russian-Spanish cultural dialogue. There are significantly fewer works on the peaceful years of the Republic, which is typical not only for domestic science, but also for the historiography of this period as a whole. Four key periods can be distinguished in the formation of the national historiography of the Spanish Republic. The first is associated with the existence of the Republic itself and is distinguished by significant political engagement. The second opens after 1956 and combines the continuity with respect to the period of the 1930s. and, at the same time, striving for objectivity, developing methodology and expanding the source base. The third stage is associated with the period of the 1970s-1980s, the time of the restoration of diplomatic relations between the USSR and Spain, as well as the active interaction of historians of the two countries. The fourth stage, which lasted thirty years, was the time of the formation of the Russian historiography of the Second Republic, which sought to get rid of the ideological attitudes that left a significant imprint on the research of the Soviet period. This time is associated with the active archival work of researchers and the publication of sources, the expansion of topics, interdisciplinary approaches. Among the studies of the history of the Second Republic outside Spain, Russian historiography has a special place due to the specifics of Soviet-Spanish relations during the Civil War, and the archival funds in our country, and the traditions of Russian historical Spanish studies, and the preservation of republican memory.

Book Reviews

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-225
Author(s):  
Timo Kallinen ◽  
Michael D. Jackson ◽  
Gisela Welz ◽  
Hastings Donnan ◽  
Jeevan Raj Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Duke University ◽  
In Memoriam ◽  
The Republic

Crude Domination: An Anthropology of Oil Andrea Behrends, Stephen P. Reyna, and Günter Schlee, eds. New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2011. 325 pp. Hardcover ISBN 978-0-85745-255-9.The War Machines: Young Men and Violence in Sierra Leone and Liberia Danny Hoffman. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011. 295 pp. Paper ISBN 978-0-8223-5077-4.The Make-Believe Space: Affective Geography in a Postwar Polity Yael Navaro-Yashin. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2012. 270 pp. Paper ISBN 978-0-8223-5204-4.The Risk of War: Everyday Sociality in the Republic of Macedonia Vasiliki P. Neofotistos. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012. 216 pp. Hardcover ISBN 978-0-8122-4399-4.Maoists at the Hearth: Everyday Life in Nepal’s Civil War Judith Pettigrew. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013. 200 pp. Hardcover ISBN 978-0-8122-4492-2.In Memoriam

scholarly journals Between Berlin and Moscow: Polish Western Thought in the Twenty-Year Interwar Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Masnyk
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Academic Publications ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
The Russian Empire

This article deals with the professional discussion about the so-called “difficult questions” of Russian history that involves historians and teachers in the now independent republics of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Block. Both academic publications and teaching books are used as primary sources for the study. In the first section, the author studies several problems connected with the origin of Russian statehood, the Varangian question, and civilizational characteristics of East Slavic nations. The second section is devoted to the Russian imperial past and especially to the discourse on colonialism, which is often used as an explanatory model for the imperial period by historians and textbook authors in some of the post-Soviet countries. The third section is concerned with the conception of the 1917 revolution. The author emphasizes the fact that the conception of a continuous revolutionary process (1917–1922) has yet to be accepted by Russian secondary schools. In this part, the author considers several other factors significant for understanding the revolutionary process including issues such as the origins of the First World War and the developmental level of the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century. In the fourth section, the article discusses the conception of the 1930s Soviet modernization along with negative opinions about the Soviet period given by scholars of different former Soviet republics. In the fifth section, the author briefly observes contemporary studies of culture and everyday life. It is concluded that the history of culture is not represented well in Russian school textbooks, and it is also found that the studies on everyday life are often lacking in depth. Discussing various “difficult questions” of Russian history, the author highlights controversial historical ideas and opinions, formulated in the post-Soviet countries during the last decades.

scholarly journals Family Planning in the Republic of Tajikistan: A narrative review from Soviet times to 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellison Henry ◽  
Zarrina H. Juraqulova
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Political Transitions ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Republic

Introduction: Tajikistan’s dramatic shift from a high to a low fertility society has taken place over a little more than two decades. While some fertility beliefs remained the same throughout the rapid economic and political transitions of Tajikistan, other beliefs may have changed to respond to the financial realities of the newly independent and Central Asian republic, such as having fewer children. The objective of this review was to describe and analyze the state of family planning in the Republic of Tajikistan from Soviet period (1929-1991) until 2017.Methods: The review is based on materials obtained from various sources including Google Scholar and PubMed, relevant to family planning in Tajikistan, including government policies, open-access nationally representative data, journal articles, and program reports, identified through a selective search of Google Scholar and PubMed databases, and the grey literature. Conclusion: This narrative review presents the history of family planning in Tajikistan, outlines an understanding of the health system context as it relates to family planning, and analyzes the latest national family planning policy (2017). The authors suggest further research is required to (a) understand the beliefs and practices related to family planning; and (b) define strategies to address the issue of unmet need of family planning services. 

scholarly journals MIGRACIÓN Y CAMBIO SOCIOCULTURAL EN DOS COMUNIDADES RURALES DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE CHALATENANGO, EL SALVADOR

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Patricia Castro Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Cultural Dynamics ◽  
Sociocultural Change ◽  
Cultural Hybridization ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Gender And Migration ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Migration

Este artículo presenta resultados de la investigación «Género y migración: Recomposición Familiar», que fue llevada a cabo en los municipios de Comalapa y Concepción Quezaltepeque del Departamento de Chalatenango, en El Salvador; cuyo trabajo de campo se realizó entre 2009 y 2010. De esa investigación se ha retomado el análisis del fenómeno migratorio que experimenta El Salvador desde la perspectiva de la hibridación cultural, y se centra en la vida cotidiana de los municipios antes mencionados con la intención de comparar las dinámicas culturales que se establecen en ambos, tomando en cuenta que en el primero las personas migran hacia EUA y en el segundo mayoritariamente a Italia.   MIGRATION AND SOCIOCULTURAL CHANGE IN TWO RURAL COMMUNITIES FROM CHALATENANGO, EL SALVADORABSTRACTThis article presents results from the piece of research titled «Gender and Migration: Family Recomposition.» This study was conducted in the municipalities of Comalapa and Concepción Quezaltepeque in Chalatenango, El Salvador. Fieldwork was carried out between 2009 and 2010. The analysis of the migration phenomenon experienced in El Salvador has been taken from this piece of research. This analysis was made from a cultural hybridization perspective and focuses on the everyday life in the aforementioned municipalities. The intention is to compare the cultural dynamics established between the two, taking into consideration that in the former, people migrate to the USA, whereas in the latter they mostly migrate to Italy.

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