scholarly journals Institutions And Initiatives Role In Turkeys National Innovation System

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
A. Orcun Sakarya
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
National System ◽  
Institutional Infrastructure ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
National System Of Innovation ◽  
University Industry

In Turkey, increasing focus to the concept of innovation underlined the importance of the related institutions role in the economic agenda. Hence, a clear understanding of the functions of the actors that makes up the countrys innovation system is important in policy formulation stages. Accordingly, the goal of this literature review is to analyze institutions duties that are active in the National System of Innovation and to assess recent developments contribution to the innovation policy targets. It has been observed that Turkey has a strong institutional infrastructure, but also has some problems concerning firm-based innovation, university-industry cooperation and development of innovation inputs.

Innovative development of the national university system in Russia: trends and key elements

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy I. Razorenov ◽  
Konstantin V. Vodenko
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
The State ◽  
World Intellectual Property Organization ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry

PurposeThe goal of the research is to analyze the university development trends in the national innovation system. The paper presents a review of the formation of innovative development strategies and the place of a university in them. The structure is based on the analysis of foreign trends of the transformation of universities and the examination of the efficiency of the interaction between the university, industry and the state. Russian experience in the transformation of universities is presented.Design/methodology/approachResearch methodologies include methods of statistical and comparative analysis and synthesis. The information analysis base of the research is composed of the reports of the World Intellectual Property Organization at year-end 2019, as well as global comparative assessments of the status and development of innovation activities by the Global Innovation Index and Global Competitiveness Index, which are calculated according to the methodology of the World Economic Forum and others.FindingsIn the course of research, the authors put forward a new model of universities within the framework of the national innovation system, which is based on the “triple helix model of innovation” implemented by universities, industry and the state. The logic and structure of the research are set forth in the following way. First, a review of the global practice of the formation and implementation of state innovation policy is given, with the university being a key link, the foreign experience in the transformation of universities is analyzed and the efficiency of the interaction between the university, industry and the state is examined. Furthermore, consideration is given to the Russian experience in the transformation of universities. In conclusion, the main findings of the research are presented.Practical implicationsResults testify that goals and objectives that can be solved by achieving indicators in the world rankings are important for improving competitiveness of education, but they are only efficient if they conform to management decisions that are taken for achieving them and coincide with strategic goals and directions that should be implemented within the framework of the national innovation and academic system.Originality/valueResearch hypothesis is as follows: modern age is characterized by the rapid development of digital technologies and globalization processes, which transform technologies and cultural patterns into techniques and methods of working with information. Despite the fact that a university is the center for the development of society and culture, which serves as an axiological core, it is subject to the transformation, which is mainly manifested in instrumental changes and the expansion of the social procurement range. The modern educational system is yet to find a contemporary conceptual framework of a university that would satisfy the up-to-date requirements of the global information society in an age of digital revolution and dominate in the educational services market.

Questioning the implementation of smart specialisation: Regional innovation policy and semi-autonomous regions

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 530-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhiannon Pugh
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Regional Innovation Policy ◽  
Smart Specialisation ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Uk

This paper considers the recent developments in regional innovation policy pertaining to the smart specialisation agenda from the perspective of a peripheral and semi-autonomous region – Wales in the UK. Through a case study of innovation policy developments in Wales over the past 20 years, and also a consideration of extant literature pertaining to regional innovation policy and smart specialisation, this paper finds a number of issues or shortcomings in the current predominant smart specialisation approach. These are traced back to the strong regional innovation system logic existing in European policy; a number of unresolved theoretical problems that could undermine the efficacy of innovation policy are identified. Both conceptual and rhetorical issues with the concept of the region are highlighted, and questions are asked about the applicability and tenability of smart specialisation approaches in semi-autonomous, cross-border regions, and for policymakers operating in circumstances of multi-level governance. This paper illustrates how such regions provide us with a lens or alternative perspective through which to reconsider our predominant theoretical and practical policy approaches, and highlights a number of potential problems with smart specialisation as it is applied in a diverse range of regional settings.

scholarly journals Innovation Policy And Governance In The African Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanjiru Gachie ◽  
Desmond Wesley Govender
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Policy Dialogue ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
African Region ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
National System Of Innovation

This paper undertakes a desktop examination of innovation policy and governance in Africa. The article therefore adds on to the importance of intra-African region innovation policy dialogue by exploring policy developments in the African region. The article identifies a weak and fragmented innovation system as a major challenge facing many of the African countries, exacerbated by the lack of an explicit innovation strategy. The literature indicates that Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) policies should not simply adopt a science-push approach to innovation, but rather focus on building an entire system of innovation. The emergence of a knowledge-based economy and globalisation such as the BRICs - Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa are restructuring the dynamics of innovation in developing countries. The literature has also shown that several international organisations have played significant roles in the development of Science and Technology (S&T) policies among African countries. However, the international organisations initiatives have mostly focused on the development of S&T with minimal emphasis on the role of policies and administration, which would increase learning and innovation performance in Africa. The central premise of the article is that innovation policy and governance is an essential component of the National System of Innovation in the African region.

scholarly journals Exploring the Triple Helix Synergy in Chinese National System of Innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Ye ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
National System ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
National System Of Innovation ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Ideal

Sustainable economic growth is closely linked to synergy in a national system of innovation. Although the dynamic synergy mechanism of the triple helix relations is essential to technology innovation, there are limited research methodologies to study or estimate the synergy effect accurately. This paper introduces a new approach in non-linear complex systems theory to offer steps towards a possible solution to this conundrum. Based on the pattern formation of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky’s reaction, the paper constructs a simulation equation to explore the evolution mechanism by comparing the ideal state with the current state in China. The research finds that (1) under the ideal balanced condition of industrial absorptive capacity and academic knowledge transfer capability, the stronger incentive policies would play much more important roles than weak policies; (2) the performance of collaborative innovation is not optimal under current situation in China, but the industrial absorptive capacity, especially in private enterprises, has exceeded the capability of knowledge transfer in academia, and it has become the main driving force to promote future innovation. If the innovation policy can be focused on the high-level balance between the knowledge network and innovation network to promote synergy in China, the innovation performance will be accelerated more efficiently.

University–industry cooperation and the transition to innovation ecosystems in Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 373-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Ranga ◽  
Tomasz Mroczkowski ◽  
Tsunehisa Araiso
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
Venture Business ◽  
University Industry

This article looks at the evolution of university–industry collaboration (UIC) policies in Japan since the mid-1990s to the present and analyses their role in shaping the country’s innovation ecosystem. UIC policies are examined within a multidimensional innovation policy framework that encompasses five Science and Technology Basic Plans and a vast array of support measures for venture business, intellectual property, innovation networks and business promotion, all reflecting an extensive top-down government intervention with ambitious goals. A dense network of UIC centres has been established throughout the country, mostly in universities, and these centres are tightly embedded in regional innovation structures. In spite of the sustained government policy intervention, Japan lags behind the United States and Europe in a ranking of the top 20 global ecosystems and has some of the world’s lowest entrepreneurial indicators, as defined by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. The authors argue that a likely cause for the lag is Japan’s slow and still incomplete transition from a ‘traditional’ innovation system to a modern innovation ecosystem with a strong entrepreneurial spirit and culture, effective intermediaries between university and industry, high absorptive capacity in companies using academic research, cross-boundary mobility of workforce and ideas and global outreach. The experience of Osaka University and Hokkaido University, two UIC leaders in Japan and internationally, supports this hypothesis.

scholarly journals NATIONAL SYSTEM OF INNOVATION: A NOTE ON TECHNOLOGICAL ASYMMETRIES AND CATCHING‑UP PERSPECTIVES

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Cimoli
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Model ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
National System ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Institutional Dimension ◽  
National System Of Innovation

What distinguishes the National Innovation System (NIS) across different countries? Could the NIS be considered a useful analytical framework to explain growth performances? Which kind of representation can supersede the "push policy view" of NIS approach? These questions are worthy of particular attention for the understanding of potential empirical and analytical achievements of this approach. This paper discusses the main approaches that explain technological divergence and convergence. It is argued that another element identified as the "national institutional dimension" has to be explicitly taken into account for the understanding of the interplay that exists between technology, specialization and growth. It also provides a macro‑representation of NIS which potentially captures and identifies at the micro, meso and macro levels the main threads that link innovation, institutions, competencies and economic performances, as well as a simple graphical model of the interplay between NIS, competencies and growth performances.

scholarly journals Key Factors for the Successful Implementation of the National Innovation Policy: The Case of Lithuania

10.26458/1921 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-50
Author(s):  
Vita JUKNEVICIENE
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Policy Cycle ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Technological Advantage

Innovations play the crucial role in the economic growth in modern countries. It requires the technological progress and smart people as two main resources, needed for the actors in the national innovation system. Results of the national innovation system depend on the national innovation policy: its goals and priorities set in the agenda, policy formulation and adoption, its implementation process and its correction after the evaluation. But despite of the same stages of the public policy cycle, some countries implement the successful innovation policy (gain competitive advantage and the economic-social benefit from it) and some countries struggle (they try to catch-up other countries in the field of innovations).Lithuania as a small developed country in the EU has made a huge progress in terms of economics, social and technological advantage. However, despite of declared goals of innovation policy and the priorities in national strategies, governmental funding, promotion and support, the national progress in innovations in Lithuania still remains low. Therefore, stimulus and barriers for the successful implementation of Lithuanian innovation policy should be identified and analyzed, looking for problems and possible solutions. This paper aims to explain main theoretical implications about the successful implementation of innovation policy and to reveal how it is reflected in the case of national innovation policy in Lithuania. Scientific methods of the literature analysis, document analysis, secondary data analysis, summarizing, and interpretation are used in the research.

A Study on the Benefits of Convenience Foods to Working Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunder Srinivasan ◽  
Kiran Murlidhar Shende
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Convenience Food ◽  
Women In India

The last decade and half has seen a remarkable growth in the working women segment in India and so has the manufacture of convenience food industry grown in the last decade. The working women in India who today are not only just seeking jobs but also are career oriented. Apart from their jobs, career, meetings and targets they are also a part of a family where a working woman needs to care of their meals too. This study aims at finding out about the use of convenience food by working women and of their need to choose, the type of convenience food they generally prefer and what benefits they see by using such a convenient product. The primary data for this study has been collected through questionnaire from women of various working segments and the same has been presented in graphical form for clear understanding while the secondary data has been collected through literature review of various research papers, articles and books.

Cooperation between universities and SMEs: A systematic literature review

2021 ◽  
pp. 095042222199511
Author(s):  
Rosivalda Pereira ◽  
Mário Franco
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Main Difficulty ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Cooperative Relationships ◽  
Scopus Database ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to present the relationship between universities and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through a systematic literature review. SMEs play an important role in economic development. Similarly, universities are important actors in the innovation system. To fulfil the study objective, data were collected from the Scopus database. The bibliometric results found, using bibliometrix software, reveal that this topic first appeared in the literature in 1995 and entered a growth stage in 2014. Systematically, studies have focused mostly on European countries and the emphasis in cooperation is on knowledge transfer. In addition, the results show that SMEs form cooperative relationships with universities in search of competitive results. However, the main difficulty with regard to the establishment of such relationships is a lack of knowledge in SMEs about university programmes that can support them and about how to access such programmes. Therefore, it is suggested that universities should establish more effective communication channels in order to reach this type of firm.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in the Modelling of Transformer Windings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2798
Author(s):  
Konstanty M. Gawrylczyk ◽  
Szymon Banaszak
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Frequency Response ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Lumped Parameters ◽  
Wave Phenomena ◽  
Modelling Methods ◽  
Direct Calculations

The paper provides a review of the modelling techniques used to simulate the frequency response of transformer windings. The aim of the research and development of modelling methods was to analyze the influence of deformations and faults in the windings on the changes in the frequency response. All described methods are given with examples of the modelling results performed by the authors of this paper and from literature sources. The research is prefaced with a thorough literature review. There are described models based on lumped parameters with input data coming from direct calculations based on the winding geometry and obtained from FEM modelling software and models considering the wave phenomena in the windings. The analysis was also performed for practical problems in winding modelling: the influence of windings other than the modelled one and the influence of parallel wires in a winding.

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