scholarly journals Rural resilience and the role of social capital among farmers in Kirundo province, Northern Burundi

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonaventure Minani ◽  
Déo-Guide Rurema ◽  
Philippe Lebailly
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Family Agriculture ◽  
Processing And Storage

In Burundi, more than 90% of the active population is engaged in family agriculture, which plays a vital role in food production and constitutes more than 50% of the GDP. Before the civil war of 1993, Kirundo was deemed the “breadbasket of the country”, as the region fed many parts of Burundi through growing particular foods such as legumes and cereals. Family farming was market-oriented. Kirundo alone includes 8 lakes which offer opportunities for field irrigation. Today, this region is the first province in Burundi which shows a high rate of malnutrition, as poverty has increased and a sharp 53.9 % decline in agricultural production has been witnessed between 1996 and 2009. The aim of this article is to analyse the role of social capital through the local association network in improving family agriculture and the resilience to climate change and conflict crisis. In this study, 73 farmers were surveyed in Kirundo province through means of a questionnaire, and the study was completed by collecting secondary data. Analysis of the data reveals that, despite recurrent droughts in that region which caused deaths due to famines and displacement of people to neighbouring countries such as Rwanda and Tanzania, 44% of the farmers who were surveyed were shown to have resilience to climate change. The analysis of data shows that these farmers were members of well organised local associations, and had learned about specific topics such as financial management, processing and storage of agricultural products and livestock. The social capital network positively influences their income and their resilience to climate change and conflict crisis.

scholarly journals What lies beyond social capital? The role of social psychology in building community resilience to climate change.

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Ntontis ◽  
John Drury ◽  
Richard Amlôt ◽  
Gideon James Rubin ◽  
Richard Williams
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Building Community

The vital role of electrode wettability in high-rate carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengran Li ◽  
Mohamed Nazmi Idros ◽  
Yuming Wu ◽  
Thomas Burdyny ◽  
Sahil Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
High Rate

Social capital and livelihood strategies in response after 2013 Kedarnath disaster (India)

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakshi Naithani ◽  
Ashis Kumar Saha
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Post Disaster

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the role of livelihood assets, strategies and local social networks in disaster response and recovery in post-disaster setting of 2013 Kedarnath disaster (India).Design/methodology/approachIt identifies post disaster macro-spaces of Mandakini river valley (India) using change detection analysis and secondary data. Within these macro-spaces, the micro spaces of livelihood and social capital were assessed by selecting two villages for case study.FindingsMost important issues faced by communities were loss of lives, livelihoods and access to relief aid. A shift in economic base of families suffering loss of livelihoods was observed as they switched from pilgrimage-based to skill-based opportunities. Geographical location and isolation play a crucial role in recovery trajectory of villages by influencing the social capital.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper being case study based deals two of the worst-affected villages; livelihood strategies adopted and social network may be influenced by the “victim” status of villages and may not be generalized for each disaster-affected area.Social implicationsBridging and bonding networks were significant in geographically isolated places, while “linkages” were beneficial in bringing new livelihood opportunities. Need to enhance the role of social capital by institutional intervention in form of capacity building was required.Originality/valueThe study suggests focus on human capital-based livelihood diversification programs taking geographical location and disaster context into account.

scholarly journals Community-based adaptation to climate change in small island developing states: an analysis of the role of social capital

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 723-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. Hagedoorn ◽  
L.M. Brander ◽  
P.J.H. van Beukering ◽  
H.M. Dijkstra ◽  
C. Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Island Developing States ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Based Adaptation

scholarly journals The Role of Biogas for Economic Sustainability in Nepal: User’s Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Maheshwar Prasad Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Analytical Research

 Background: Economic sustainability is an important ingredient of sustainable development. Sustainable development is the positive changes in a pattern of resources use in such a way that present needs can be met without destroying the ability for the future generations to meet their needs. Furthermore, renewable energy as an essential ingredient of environment comes from resources which are continually replenished. Renewable energy technologies such as biogas, solar and micro-hydro are widely promoted in Nepal and biogas only considered for this study.Objective: To examine role of biogas for economic sustainability in Nepal based on a case study of Niglihawa VDC of Kapilvastu district.Methodology: This study consists of descriptive cum analytical research design and based on both primary and secondary data. The users’ perspectives of sixteen out of twenty two biogas users have been collected by using structured questionnaire. Moreover, the simple statistical techniques of analysis such as table, percentage, and graphs have been employed in this study.Results: Biogas is an important factor in relation to enterprises and employment through saving time and creating agro-based micro enterprises. Biogas also contributes for economic activities through utilizing bio-slurry as feed and fertilizer.Conclusion: Biogas plays the vital role for the economic sustainability through creating enterprises and employment as well as utilizing bio-slurry as fish meal and fertilizer in the context of Nepal in one way or another. The results may be varied in other area and/or sector of Nepal and beyond.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KINERJA KELEMBAGAAN TANI TERHADAP EKSISTENSI MODAL SOSIAL PETANI KEDELAI DALAM MENDUKUNG KEBERHASILAN PROGRAM UPSUS PAJALE DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
SEPTIANA, YOSINI DELIANA, LUCYANA TRIMO
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
The Government

The role of agriculture in the economic development of this country is still very important, besides being a fuel provider, this sector also contributes significantly to the development of workforce which is expected to have an increase in the change in the level of poverty. The Ministry of Agriculture has a vision and mission in alleviating poverty by rolling out various forms of programs to increase capital for farmers. Farmers who have developed their level of education, improved changes in the economic and political structure, began to understand to form a farmer group that had the goal of obtaining and obtaining mutual assistance included in the agricultural program of the government, such as the UPSUS Pajale Program. Farmers who are members of farmer groups will strengthen the ability of their groups to manage and channel the Pajale UPSUS Program assistance that requires improving farm safety consisting of indicators; the role of members of farmer groups, suitability of group services, collectivity, and resolution of local wisdom that still requires in its farming activities. The success of farmer groups can not be separated from social capital which is the main foundation that must be owned by farmers as group members. Mangkuprawira (2010) describes the support of social capital in farmers such as social norms, mutual trust, networking, cooperation, mutual relations, participation, and commitment that will be directly connected to the success of the UPSUS Pajale (soybean) program being rolled out by the government, and seen from three indicators namely; successful output, successful results, and successful benefits. The UPSB Pajale Program in East Lampung Regency is held from February to March 2019. The data used are primary and secondary data with the Mix-method research method. The sampling technique used was the Proportional Stratified Random Sampling with a total sample of 140 farmers who were members of a farmer group receiving the 2017 UPSUS Pajale Kedelai Program in East Lampung Regency. Data processing is done qualitatively and quantitatively. Data is arranged qualitatively using descriptive analysis, while quantitative data is processed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis, which uses the LISREL 8.80 program. The results showed the value of R2 = 0.71, which means that the second variable namely Farmer Institutional Performance and the Existence of Farmer Social Capital contributed 71 percent and was significant to the Success of the UPSUS Pajale Program in East Lampung Regency.Keywords: Farming Institution, Existence of Social Capital, and UPSUS Pajale Program

scholarly journals O Papel das Oleaginosas em um Cenário de Mudanças Climáticas no Semiárido Brasileiro (The Role of Oilseeds in a Climate Change Scenario in the Brazilian Semiarid)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1426
Author(s):  
João Nildo S. Vianna ◽  
Marcelo Castro Pereira ◽  
Laura M.G. Duarte ◽  
Magda E. Wehrmann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Climate Change Scenario ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Family Agriculture

Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar, ainda que de forma preliminar, os efeitos limitantes das mudanças climáticas na produção de oleaginosas agro-energética no semiárido brasileiro, nomeadamente a redução dos índices pluviométricos e aumento de temperatura. Para alcançar este objetivo usa-se como referência a evolução de variáveis climáticas, por meio da série histórica entre 1973 e 2010, e projeções futuras tendo por base os cenários de mudanças climáticas, desenvolvidos para o nordeste brasileiro até 2100. O recorte geográfico é a região de Irecê, no semiárido da Bahia, tradicional reduto da agricultura familiar e grande produtor de alimentos consorciado com oleaginosas. O estudo mostra que as culturas tradicionais de oleaginosas estão próximas aos limites de exigências hídricas, pelo que, para enfrentar as mudanças nos padrões climáticos, vai ser necessário um melhoramento genético das culturas tradicionais para que essa espécies consigam tolerar as restrições hídricas. Preconizando-se igualmente a introdução de espécies mais rústicas e com maior resistência ao estresse hídrico. Palavras-Chave: Agricultura Familiar, Vulnerabilidade e Adaptação às Mudanças Climáticas, Biodiesel, Semiárido.  The Role of Oilseeds in a Climate Change Scenario in the Brazilian Semiarid  ABSTRACT The present study aims to evaluate the effects of climate changes on the production of oilseed and energy crops in the Brazilian semiarid region. The study is based on the analysis of past climate, by evaluating a historic series of rain and temperature from 1973 to 2010. This historic series is, then, compared to a future climate prediction, based on climatic change scenarios developed for the Brazilian northeast until 2100. The geographic location of the study is the Irecê area of the State of Bahia, in the semi-arid northeast. That is a traditional family agriculture area with a strong food crop and oilseeds production. The study shows that traditional oilseed crops are being cultivated near the limits of their water needs. In order to face the climate changes, such crops would need to be genetically improved to increase their tolerance to water stress. An option would be to introduce species with higher level of tolerance to water stress. Keywords: family agriculture, vulnerability and adaptation to climate changes, biodiesel, semiarid.

scholarly journals Gendered Social Capital Guiding Women Career Planning: A Quantitative study at University of the Punjab

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Sohail ◽  
Inam-ul-Haq ◽  
Raja Muhammad Shoaib
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Trust And Reciprocity ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
The University

Social capital is manifested through the relationships and networks that the human species own. Further, it is strengthened with trust and reciprocity. It inculcates the value of helping each other based on the principle of ‘Mutually Beneficial Actions’. Various actors and agents play their roles in producing the social capital, yet women play the most vital role in its production due to their domestic chores, more frequent engagement with family and neighborhood. Thus, it is an essential to know that if she takes an equivalent benefit from the social capital. The primary objective of the present research determines out the role of social capital in women’s career planning. The informal social networks, family, friends, and neighborhood are selected to the social capital. In the meantime, 150 female respondents from the University of the Punjab were selected using the non-probability convenience sampling technique from the final year of the Masters and Bachelors program. The findings of the study showed as the positive relation of social capital with career planning.

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