Can the energetic supplementation of ewes influence the behavioral performance of their newborn lambs?

The present work evaluated the effect of an energetic supplement (an extra 15% of the requirement) intake during the last month of gestation on the suckling behavior of neonatal lambs born from these ewes. The study was performed in a semi-intensive and commercial flock under hot sub humid tropical conditions. 12 Pelibuey ewes and their 20 newborn lambs were included. Five lamb behaviors were evaluated: number of vocalizations (NV), attempts to stand up (ASU), latency to keep stands (LKS), started looking for the udder (SLU) and achieved an effective suckling (AES). Twelve lambs conformed the control group [CG] and came from seven ewes which received an energetic supplementation of 7.37 megajoules of metabolizable energy per day (MJ EM/d). Likewise, eight lambs conformed the treatment group [TG] and came from five ewes which received a high energetic supplementation of 10.85 MJ EM/d. Both groups of ewes gave birth simultaneously. Response variables were initially categorized in low-or-high intensity using their quartile distribution and considering the median value as the reference point and analyzed post-hoc with the Fisher test. Behaviors of high and low intensity in lambs were similar in four of the five variables observed for both treatments. A significant difference was observed in the frequency of ASU, in lambs born from treated ewes when compared with lambs born from control ewes (P = 0.0281). The present results suggest that under semi-extensive breeding systems, the extra supplementation of ewes at 15 % of their energetic requirements during the last pregnancy month is reflected just in a slight improvement of the lamb’s behaviors.

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Clinical Impact of Co-medication of Levetiracetam and Clobazam with Proton Pump Inhibitors: A Drug Interaction Study

Current Drug Metabolism ◽

10.2174/1389200221666200218121050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 126-131

Author(s):

Bhuvanachandra Pasupuleti ◽

Vamshikrishna Gone ◽

Ravali Baddam ◽

Raj Kumar Venisetty ◽

Om Prakash Prasad

Keyword(s):

Plasma Concentration ◽

Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽

Proton Pump ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Control Group ◽

Drug Concentrations ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Cytochrome P 450

Background: Clobazam (CLBZ) metabolized primarily by Cytochrome P-450 isoenzyme CYP3A4 than with CYP2C19, Whereas Levetiracetam (LEV) is metabolized by hydrolysis of the acetamide group. Few CYP enzymes are inhibited by Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) Pantoprazole, Esomeprazole, and Rabeprazole in different extents that could affect drug concentrations in blood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of these PPIs on the plasma concentrations of LEV and CLBZ. Methods: Blood samples from 542 patients were included out of which 343 were male and 199 were female patients and were categorized as control and test. Plasma samples analyzed using an HPLC-UV method. Plasma concentrations were measured and compared to those treated and those not treated with PPIs. One way ANOVA and games Howell post hoc test used by SPSS 20 software. Results: CLBZ concentrations were significantly 10 folds higher in patients treated with Pantoprazole (P=0.000) and 07 folds higher in patients treated with Esmoprazole and Rabeprazole (P=0.00). Whereas plasma concentration of LEV control group has no statistical and significant difference when compared to pantoprazole (P=0.546) and with rabeprazole and esomeprazole was P=0.999. Conclusion: The effect of comedication with PPIs on the plasma concentration of clobazam is more pronounced for pantoprazole to a greater extent when compared to esomeprazole and rabeprazole. When pantoprazole is used in combination with clobazam, dose reduction of clobazam should be considered, or significance of PPIs is seen to avoid adverse effects.

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Biomechanical properties of the bone during implant placement

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01442-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ádám László Nagy ◽

Zsolt Tóth ◽

Tamás Tarjányi ◽

Nándor Tamás Práger ◽

Zoltán Lajos Baráth

Keyword(s):

Bone Structure ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Control Group ◽

Dynamic Tests ◽

Bone Model ◽

Implant Placement ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Group 2 ◽

Post Hoc

Abstract Background In this research the biomechanical properties of a bone model was examined. Porcine ribs are used as experimental model. The objective of this research was to investigate and compare the biomechanical properties of the bone model before and after implant placement. Methods The bone samples were divided in three groups, Group 1 where ALL-ON-FOUR protocol was used during pre-drilling and placing the implants, Group 2 where ALL-ON-FOUR protocol was used during pre-drilling, and implants were not placed, and Group 3 consisting of intact bones served as a control group. Static and dynamic loading was applied for examining the model samples. Kruskal–Wallis statistical test and as a post-hoc test Mann–Whitney U test was performed to analyze experimental results. Results According to the results of the static loading, there was no significant difference between the implanted and original ribs, however, the toughness values of the bones decreased largely on account of predrilling the bones. The analysis of dynamic fatigue measurements by Kruskal–Wallis test showed significant differences between the intact and predrilled bones. Conclusion The pre-drilled bone was much weaker in both static and dynamic tests than the natural or implanted specimens. According to the results of the dynamic tests and after a certain loading cycle the implanted samples behaved the same way as the control samples, which suggests that implantation have stabilized the skeletal bone structure.

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Coenzyme q10 is potentially usedto improve lipid profile in diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in the coastal area

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20184707006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 07006

Author(s):

Saryono Saryono ◽

Hesti Devinta ◽

Abdul Haris Budi Widodo ◽

Arif Imam Hidayat

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Coenzyme Q10 ◽

Coastal Area ◽

Positive Control ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pap Method ◽

Post Hoc

Contaminated water often affects the occurrence of periodontitis in the coastal area. The diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in Indonesia is very high. The use of coenzyme Q10 to treat this disease has never been investigated yet. Therefore, this study aimedto analyze the effect of coenzyme Q10 on the lipid profile of diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis.Twenty four rats were randomized into 6 groups (G1-G6). The groups (G1-G3) are healthy, negative and positive control group respectively. The treatment groups (G4-G6) are diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced rats given coenzyme q10 dose of 13,5; 27 and 54 mg/kg respectively. Rats were induced by periodontitis, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus. Coenzyme Q10 was administered orally using 2 mL gastric tube once a day for 14 days. Lipid profile including triglycerides, HDL, and atherogenic index (IA) was measured enzymatically by the CHOD-PAP method. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test and followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) post hoc test.Coenzyme Q10 with a dose of 54 mg/kgis effective in lowering triglyceride, and atherogenic index and increasing HDL level in diabetic hyperlipidemia-induced periodontitis rats model. This research supports the potential effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation to improve lipid profile in diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in the coastal area.

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The relationship between the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 protein flowing endurance training in streptozotocin rats

Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.34172/jsums.2019.34 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 194-199

Author(s):

Mahdi Ghafari ◽

Ebrahim Banitalebi ◽

Mohamad Faramarzi

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Endurance Training ◽

High Intensity ◽

Training Group ◽

Control Group ◽

High Intensity Training ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Hoc ◽

The Relationship ◽

Intensity Training

Background and aims: Intermuscular lipolysis disorder plays an important role in insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus and perilipin PLIN5 and PLIN3 are the key proteins in regulating muscle cellular lipolysis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 protein following endurance training in streptozotocin (STZ) rats. Methods: A number of 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into low endurance training group (n = 8), high-intensity training group (n = 8), and control group (n = 8). Diabetes was induced in every rat by STZ injection. Three days after injection, the blood samples were taken from the cut tip of the tails of the mice and animals with blood glucose greater than 300 mg/dL were considered diabetic. The training program included eight weeks of aerobic training at different intensities. Training in high- and low-intensity groups included 22-25 and 5-8 m/min of training. Finally, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlation was used to determine the significance of the differences between variables, followed by utilizing Tukey’s post-hoc test for significance. Results: The comparison between the groups by ANOVA showed significant differences in PLIN3 (P=0.0006) and PLIN5 (P=0.012). The results of Tukey post hoc test also demonstrated a statistical difference between the mean values of diabetic control group and high-intensity endurance group regarding PLIN3 (P=0.01) and PLIN5 (P=0.009), but no significant increase was observed in the lowintensity exercise group as compared to the control group (PLIN3, P=0.067 & PLIN5, P=0.44). As regards insulin resistance, there was a significant difference among the three groups (P=0.0001). Eventually, the result of the correlation between PLIN3 and PLIN5 showed similar enhancement by increasing the intensity (P=0.0026). Conclusion: According to research results, high-intensity endurance training increased the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 in diabetic specimens and PLIN3 and PLIN5 followed a similar increase pattern in high-intensity training

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PENGARUH GELATIN IKAN PATIN (PANGASIUS DJAMBAL) TERHADAP JUMLAH FIBROBLAS PADA LUKA PASCA PENCABUTAN GIGI TIKUS PUTIH (RATTUS NORVEGICUS)

ODONTO Dental Journal ◽

10.30659/odj.6.1.1-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Fredy Mardiyantoro ◽

Fidya Fidya ◽

Dena Savira Andriani

Keyword(s):

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Tooth Extraction ◽

Control Group ◽

Fish Gelatin ◽

Tukey Test ◽

White Rats ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Hematoxylin Eosin ◽

Test Result

Background: Gelatin has been used as a hemostatic agent to stop bleeding and it can be absorbed by human body within 6 hours. The patin fish (Pangasius djambal) gelatin has a high amount of amino acid, especially glutamine which has an important role in increasing the proliferation of fibroblast in wounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of patin fish gelatin to the number of fibroblast in wound after tooth extraction.Method: Rat’s tooth extraction is done on the lower left incisive tooth. Thirty white rats were divided into two groups randomly with 3 time series. Control group was the rats without given of patin fish gelatin and treatment group was the rats given 1cc of patin fish gelatin with pipette. Socket taken for histologically processed by Hematoxylin Eosin staining.Result: It showed there were significant differences in the number of fibroblasts between groups. The Post Hoc Tukey test result showed there was a significant difference between the control group and the treatment group.Conclusion: Patin fish gelatin has effect increasing the number of fibroblast inwound after white rat’s (Rattus norvegicus) tooth extraction

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The Effect of the Bioactive Glass and the Er:YAG Laser on the Remineralization of the Affected Dentin: A Comparative In Vitro Study

Journal of lasers in medical sciences ◽

10.34172/jlms.2020.27 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 160-166

Author(s):

Mohammad Javad Moghaddas ◽

Horieh Moosavi ◽

Sara Yaghoubirad ◽

Nasim Chiniforush

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Glass ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Dentinal Tubule ◽

Glass Ionomer ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Caries Lesions ◽

Cavity Floor

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of the bioactive glass, the glass ionomer, and the Erbium YAG laser as liners on the remineralization of the affected dentin. Methods: The present study was conducted on 64 healthy extracted human molars divided into 4 groups, 1 control group and 3 experimental groups. After artificially inducing dentinal caries lesions, each of the experimental groups was applied to the cavity floor and then restored with a composite. The samples were stored after thermocycling in an incubator for two months. Finally, the hardness of the cavity floor was measured at 3 depths of 20, 50 and 100 μm by the Vickers microhardness tester. The dentin conditions underneath the liners were also evaluated with FESEM. Statistical analysis was performed by two-way ANOVA and the post-hoc Games-Howell test (P<0.05). Results: Among the groups, the lowest microhardness value was in the control group (P<0.05) except at a depth of 100 μm; therefore, there was no significant difference between the control group and the bioactive glass (P>0.05). The laser group had the highest microhardness value, which was significantly different from the control group (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the laser and bioactive glass (P<0.05), except at a depth of 20 μm. The laser and glass ionomer had only a significant difference at a depth of 100 μm (P<0.05). The microhardness value induced by glass ionomer was higher than bioactive glass, which in no depth was significant (P>0.05). Partial dentinal tubule occlusion was observed with FESEM in each of the experimental groups as compared to the control group. Conclusion: The microhardness values were higher in all groups than in the control group. The laser might be more successful in remineralization than the other ones.

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Effect of Lidocaine- and Prilocaine-Based Topical Anesthetics on the Inflammatory Exudates in Subcutaneous Tissue of Rats

Anesthesia Progress ◽

10.2344/11-23.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 57-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Márcia Thaís Pochapski ◽

José Laufer Neto ◽

Jocélia Lago Jassen ◽

Paulo Vitor Farago ◽

Fábio André Santos

Keyword(s):

Vascular Permeability ◽

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Vehicle Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Topical Anesthetics ◽

Anesthetic Agents ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group 2 ◽

Post Hoc

The aim of this present study was to evaluate the irritative potential of 2 topical anesthetics used in intrapocket anesthesia for periodontal scaling/root planing when applied in subcutaneous tissue of rats. Sixty animals were divided into 4 groups: group 1, saline solution (control); group 2, poloxamer gel (thermosetting vehicle); group 3, lidocaine and prilocaine poloxamer thermosetting gel; group 4: EMLA, a lidocaine and prilocaine dermatological cream. Injections of 2% Evans blue were administrated intravenously into the lateral caudal vein. In order to analyze vascular permeability, the tested substances were injected intradermally. The rats were sacrificed 3, 6, and 9 hours after injection of the substances. The dorsal skin was dissected and removed. The vascular permeability was evaluated by the measurement of area of dye extravasation and the dye was subsequently extracted after immersion in formamide. Statistical analyses were made by ANOVA with Bonferroni's post hoc test and Pearson correlation. The 2 methods to analyze the exudative phase of the inflammatory process showed statistically significant difference among the groups and periods of evaluation (P < .05). Both methods had a significant correlation (P < .0001). Under the tested conditions, the anesthetic agents showed mild initial inflammatory response when implanted in subcutaneous connective tissue.

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168 EFFECT OF CYCLIC ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE MODULATORS DURING OOCYTE IN VITRO MATURATION ON BOVINE EMBRYOS (Gyr×HOLSTEIN) QUALITY

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv28n2ab168 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 214

Author(s):

G. R. Leal ◽

C. A. S. Monteiro ◽

H. F. R. A. Saraiva ◽

A. J. R. Camargo ◽

P. M. S. Rosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Content ◽

In Vitro Maturation ◽

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽

Adenosine Monophosphate ◽

Control Group ◽

Bovine Embryos ◽

Tropical Conditions ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Number Of Cells

In vitro embryo production (IVP) is an important tool for cattle breeding. Brazilian dairy systems are based on Gyr × Holstein crossbreds, which integrates adaptability to tropical conditions and milk production. Quality determines the oocyte proportion that will develop to blastocyst stage, and although the lipid content is important in oocyte development, a high concentration in embryos is associated with cryotolerance reduction, making this a relevant issue for IVP systems. The in vitro maturation system (IVM) simulated physiological oocyte maturation (SPOM) mimics the physiological maturation events by using cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) modulators, which promote the increase of oocyte competence. Among the modulators, Forskolin has lipolytic properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the SPOM system (Albuz 2010 Hum. Reprod. 25, 12) on bovine embryos (Gyr × Holstein) regarding their total number of cells (TNC) and lipid content. Oocytes were obtained by ovum pick-up from Gyr cows in 5 replications. After selection, they were randomly divided into 2 groups: SPOM (S) and control (C). The IVM lasted 24 h for group C (TCM 199 medium without FBS) in culture oven at 38.5°C, 5% CO2 in atmospheric air and high humidity. In the SPOM system, oocytes were in pre-IVM [TCM 199 medium + 100 µM Forskolin + 500 µM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX)] for 2 h and followed for extended IVM (TCM 199 medium + 20 µM cilostamide) for 28 h under the same conditions as control group. After IVM, oocytes were fertilised with semen from a single Holstein bull that was prepared by Percoll gradient method in Fert-TALP medium (Bioklone® Animal Reproduction, São Paulo, Brazil) for 22 h and transfered to culture droplets, where they remained for 7 days (n = 10–13 per group). The lipid content analysis was performed by staining with Oil red and the stained area fraction of each embryo was measured using software ImageJ (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA). The TNC was measured after being stained with Hoechst 33342 and results were analysed by Student's t-test in Instat GraphPad program, with a 5% significance level. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between embryos from both groups on TNC (group S: 88.9 ± 28.0A; group C: 101.6 ± 29.1a) and lipid content (group S: 0.93 ± 12:18A; group C: ±0.15 to 0.96) analysis. Some studies have shown there is a beneficial effect on embryo quality when using this system; however, our results demonstrated that there was no effect on total number of cells using our conditions. Some authors have also demonstrated a reduction in embryo lipid content using Forskolin during in vitro culture. Our results suggest that the time of Forskolin exposure was not enough to ensure lipolytic action on the structures produced from oocytes (Gyr) treated in pre-IVM. It was concluded that the SPOM system had no effect on TNC and lipid content of Gyr/Holstein embryos. Financial support from FAPERJ and CAPES is acknowledged.

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Comparison of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Calcium Hydroxide and 2% Chlorhexidine as Medicaments

Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/jucms.v5i2.19156 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 8-11

Author(s):

Rupan Tripathi ◽

Vanita Gautam ◽

V. K. Pahwa ◽

Vikas Agrhari ◽

Manu Batra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

Normal Saline ◽

Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽

Control Group ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Human Teeth ◽

Honestly Significant Difference ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Chlorhexidine Gel

INTRODUCTION: The use of intracanal medicaments help in elimination of bacteria that remain even after cleaning and shaping. This study isdone to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of2% chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament against E.faecalis.MATERIAL & METHODS: Sixty extracted single-rooted human teeth were prepared with standard method. After contaminating the canals with E. Faecalis and incubated for seven days, the samples were divided into four groups (n=15). Normal saline was used as control group. The teeth in each group were treated with normal saline, calcium hydroxide and 2% chlorhexidine gel. Microbial samples were obtained from the dentinal shavings of root and colony forming units (CFU) of E.faecalis were recorded after 24hrs, 72hrs and 7 days.RESULTS: To determine the significance of the differences between the different groups, ANOVA(Analysis of variance) and Tukeys Honestly significant Difference (HSD) Post hoc test were performed. Mean CFU of calcium hydroxide group and 2% chlorhexidine group was statistically significantly different from CFU of all other groups (p<0.01).CONCLUSION: Mean CFU of calcium hydroxide was found to increase at 24 hrs and decreases at 72 hrs and 7 days.The antimicrobial efficacy 2% chlorhexidine gel was better than calcium hydroxide paste.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2017)Vol.05 No.02 Issue 16, Page: 8-11

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Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Neurofeedback: Reducing Insomnia Symptoms

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v9n7p35 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nooshin Basiri ◽

Zahra Khayyer ◽

Habib Hadianfard ◽

Amirhossein Ghaderi

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Independent Effect ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Hoc ◽

And Control ◽

Insomnia Symptoms ◽

Selection Of

INTRODUCTION: The term sleep disorder refers to difficulty in initiating sleep, maintaining it or a relaxing sleep despite having enough time to sleep. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a non-drug multi-dimensional treatment that targets behavioral and cognitive factors of this disorder. Some pieces of research have shown that psychiatric and neurological disorders can be distinguished from distinct EEG patterns and neuro-feedback can be used to make a change in these patterns. This study aimed to compare the cognitive behavioral therapy and neuro-feedback in the treatment of insomnia.METHODS: The sample included people, who had already been diagnosed insomnia by a psychiatrist in Isfahan, Iran. Random sampling was employed to choose the participants. Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI) was used for the selection of the participants, too. The sample included 40 patients who were randomly selected and interviewed and then diagnostic tests performed on the PSQI, and then they were divided into 3 groups. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Following the implementation of the independent effect of the treatment was significant and one-way ANOVA with post hoc test L.S.D were carried out on CBT and controls (p = 0.001), CBT, neuro-feedback therapy (p = 0.003), neuro-feedback treatment and control (p = 0.001).RESULTS: It was shown that there was a significant difference between the groups. Based on the descriptive statistics of the 2 abovementioned treatments, neuro-feedback therapy in first position and cognitive-behavioral therapy were most effective in the second position, and the control group showed the lowest efficiency.CONCLUSIONS: Both treatments were significantly effective, and so we can use both neuro-feedback and CBT for the treatment of insomnia.

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