scholarly journals "Die onvoltooide reformasie van Martin Luther (1483-1546) ʼn Verkenning van die filosofiese grondslae van sy denke met spesiale aandag aan sy tweerykeleer "

2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barend van der Walt
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Martin Luther ◽  
William Of Ockham ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
The Real ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theological Perspective ◽  
Left And Right

The incomplete reformation of Martin Luther (1483-1546); a reconnaissance of the philosophical foundations of his thinking with special reference to his two-kingdom doctrine During the past five hundred years the studies written from a theological perspective on Luther’s thinking could fill a whole library, while not much is available about the deeper worldviewish-philosophical presuppositions of his intellectual development. Therefore this investigation traces the relevant late medieval influences on his thinking, especially the philosophy of William of Ockham (1285-1349). Special attention is given to the three phases in Luther’s development and his much debated two-kingdom doctrine, distinguishing between the rule of God’s left and right hand. Questions like the following will be discussed: When and why did this double-focus view of reality originate? What were the real issues which Luther tried to solve with such a paradigm? Could it be maintained in the light of God’s threefold revelation in creation, in Scripture and finally in Christ? Could it be regarded – as some contemporary Reformed theologians suggest – as a genuine Reformational approach? Should it not rather be viewed as an unfinished reformation, calling for continuous reformation? Samevatting Die afgelope 500 jaar het, in vergelyking met die magdom teologiese literatuur, min oor die diepere lewensbeskoulik-filosofiese grondslae van Luther se denkwêreld die lig gesien. Tot ʼn mate is dit verstaanbaar omdat hy primêr ʼn hervormer van kerk en teologie was. Ter herdenking van die gebeure op 31/10/1517 handel hierdie ondersoek oor die invloed van die laat-Middeleeuse filosofiese denke, in besonder dié van Willem van Ockham (1285-1349), op die reformator van Wittenberg. Daar word aangetoon hoe hy deur drie hoof fases ontwikkel het en daarna word spesiale aandag gegee aan sy bekende en omstrede leer van twee ryke, dié van God se linker- en regterhand. Onder andere die volgende vrae word in dié verband gestel. Wanneer en waarom het hierdie dubbelfokusvisie op die werklikheid ontstaan? Wat was die probleme wat Luther met so ʼn paradigma wou aanspreek? Kan so ʼn lewensvisie in die lig van God se drievoudige openbaring in die skepping, die Skrif en Christus gehandhaaf word? Kan dit – soos sekere Gereformeerde teoloë vandag weer suggereer – as werklik reformatories beskou word? Moet Luther se Christelike lewensbeskouing nie eerder gesien word as ʼn onvoltooide reformasie wat tot verdere reformasie roep nie?

Introduction

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 13-14
Author(s):  
Howard Louthan
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Martin Luther ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
The Past ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Johan Huizinga ◽  
Religious Landscape

For most scholars, the religious landscape of late medieval Central Europe is familiar terrain. Its geography was most famously mapped in the early twentieth century by the Dutch scholar Johan Huizinga. Casting this period as one of decay and decline, Huizinga shaped the historiography of the late Middle Ages for succeeding generations. The church's moral and institutional failings called forth the reforming efforts of first Jan Hus in Bohemia and then a century later Martin Luther in Germany. But as John Van Engen has recently reminded us, “any historical period called ‘late’ is headed for interpretive trouble.” During the past decade in particular, a number of scholars have reexamined this period and region with fresh eyes.

G.D.H. Cole and William Cobbett

Rural History ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Class Consciousness ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
British Labour ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
William Cobbett

William Cobbett was, during his own lifetime, a highly controversial figure who often found it necessary to defend himself against supposed misrepresentation. His historical persona remains no less controversial. The complexities of Cobbett's career and character have supported a variety of interpretations, and many writers this century have felt the need to define ‘the real Cobbett’. Modern misrepresentations have arisen less from false stories invented to damn him than from the misleading emphases employed to praise him, with both Left and Right seeking in their different ways to appropriate what they see as his legacy. For conservatives, he has been an essentially timeless figure, standing for Old England and all that may have made such a place great. Writers on the Left have treated him rather as a figure of the past, rationalised to fit into the rise of working-class consciousness and organisation, and divested of some aspects unseemly in an early representative of ‘the cause’. Cobbett has been adopted as an important figure for the Left, but readings based on the assumptions about working-class radicalism held by the modern British Labour movement have often found it necessary to exclude aspects of his writings as inconsistent, or at least idiosyncratic.

La démarche critique d'Herbert Marcuse ou un nouveau type de critique sociale

1969 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-470
Author(s):  
Bernard Solasse
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Herbert Marcuse ◽  
The Real ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
European Student ◽  
New Type ◽  
Industrial Societies

Herbert Marcuse owes his notoriety primarily to the loud echoes evoked by his words among American and European student militants; he is in danger of becoming their first victim as is the wont of fashionable men and ideas.But the real interest of his intellectual approach lies elsewhere, in his unceasing and relentless efforts to criticize advanced industrial societies which he judges to be repressive; to explain the mechanisms through which this repression is internalized, thus blocking any perspective allowing for radical change; and to found a new type of industrial society, compatible with, and favourable to, the “liberation” of man.This paper retraces the main lines of this intellectual development, stressing particularly its philosophical foundations and its innovations with respect to the sources from which it is derived.

Russian and Soviet historiography of the life and work of Anatoly Fedorovich Koni in the 20th century

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11-1) ◽  
pp. 263-279
Author(s):  
Alexander Kodintsev ◽  
Danil Rybin
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
Soviet Historiography

The study analyzes historical researches on the life and work of the outstanding Russian lawyer A. F. Koni. It is noted that several directions in the study of the personality of this figure can be distinguished. It is concluded that systematic study of the legacy of Koni in the context of the era, taking into account the accumulated knowledge, coupled with archival materials will recreate the real face of the remarkable humanist figure of Russia in the past era.

THE 2017 AMENDMENTS TO THE LAW REFORM (MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE) ACT 1976: A MILESTONE OR A STONE’S THROW IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MALAYSIAN FAMILY LAW?

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 449-479
Author(s):  
Sridevi Thambapillay
Keyword(s):  
Child Custody ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
Marriage And Divorce ◽  
Conversion To Islam ◽  
Family Issues ◽  
The Law ◽  
Muslim Family

The Law Reform (Marriage and Divorce) Act 1976 (LRA) which was passed in 1976 and came into force on 1st March 1982, standardized the laws concerning non-Muslim family matters. Many family issues concerning non-Muslim have emerged ever since, the most important being the effects of unilateral conversion to Islam by one of the parties to the marriage. There has been a lot of public hue and cry for amendments to be made to the LRA. After much deliberation, the Malaysian Parliament finally passed the amendments to the LRA in October 2017, which came into force in December 2018. Although the amendments have addressed selected family law issues, the most important amendment on child custody in a unilateral conversion to Islam was dropped from the Bill at the last minute. Howsoever, at the end of the day, the real question that needs to be addressed is whether the amendments have resolved the major issues that have arisen over the past four decades? Hence, the purpose of this article is as follows: first, to examine the brief background to the passing of the LRA, secondly, to analyse the 2017 amendments, thirdly, to identify the weaknesses that still exist in the LRA, and finally, to suggest recommendations to overcome these weaknesses by comparing the Malaysian position with the Singaporean position. In conclusion, it is submitted that despite the recent amendments to the LRA, much needs to be done to overcome all the remaining issues that have still not been addressed.

scholarly journals Restoring the real world records in Men’s swimming without high-tech swimsuits

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-300
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Gao ◽  
Yixing Li ◽  
Zhengxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Strong Indication ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
Optimal Estimates ◽  
World Records ◽  
And Training

AbstractThe recently concluded 2019 World Swimming Championships was another major swimming competition that witnessed some great progresses achieved by human athletes in many events. However, some world records created 10 years ago back in the era of high-tech swimsuits remained untouched. With the advancements in technical skills and training methods in the past decade, the inability to break those world records is a strong indication that records with the swimsuit bonus cannot reflect the real progressions achieved by human athletes in history. Many swimming professionals and enthusiasts are eager to know a measure of the real world records had the high-tech swimsuits never been allowed. This paper attempts to restore the real world records in Men’s swimming without high-tech swimsuits by integrating various advanced methods in probabilistic modeling and optimization. Through the modeling and separation of swimsuit bias, natural improvement, and athletes’ intrinsic performance, the result of this paper provides the optimal estimates and the 95% confidence intervals for the real world records. The proposed methodology can also be applied to a variety of similar studies with multi-factor considerations.

Real Bills, The Gold Standard, and Central Bank Policy

1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Craig West
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Discount Rate ◽  
Real World ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
International Exchange ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past

Students of the origins and accomplishments of government regulation of economic activity have open suspected that the laws on which regulation is based were addressed to problems and conditions of the past that no longer prevailed, or — what is worse — assumptions about the “real world” that are highly unrealistic. This is Professor West's main conclusion about the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, especially as regards its discount rate and international exchange policies.

Time and the Testator, 1370–1540

2002 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Judith Middleton-Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Past ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Limited Duration ◽  
At Will

There were many ways in which the late medieval testator could acknowledge time. Behind each testator lay a lifetime of memories and experiences on which he or she drew, recalling the names of those ‘they had fared the better for’, those they wished to remember and by whom they wished to be remembered. Their present time was of limited duration, for at will making they had to assemble their thoughts and their intentions, make decisions and appoint stewards, as they prepared for their time ahead; but as they spent present time arranging the past, so they spent present time laying plans for the future. Some testators had more to bequeath, more time to spare: others had less to leave, less time to plan. Were they aware of time? How did they control the future? In an intriguing essay, A. G. Rigg asserts that ‘one of the greatest revolutions in man’s perception of the world around him was caused by the invention, sometime in the late thirteenth century, of the mechanical weight-driven clock.’ It is the intention of this paper to see how men’s (and women’s) perception of time in the late Middle Ages was reflected in their wills, the most personal papers left by ordinary men and women of the period.

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