ETHICAL EXAMINATION OF SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS IN MEDICINE: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE AND RUSSIAN PRACTICE

Currently, much attention is paid to the correct presentation of the results of. This is not surprising, since international standards used for assessing the effectiveness of scientific clinical and pre-clinical studies in scientific publications activities are based on citation rates and the number of publications in peer-reviewed journals. This tradition originated in the UK and is the result of a struggle for grants in the scientific community. The Hirsch index (individual authors) type of assessment and the impact factor (journals) made it possible to quantitatively compare papers without referring to their content. The assessment of the latter was accomplished by editors of the journals, and it was assumed that it was objective. This method was consistent with the digitalization process, but it has not yet received an ethical assessment. This is happening not only because there is a fairly wide range of opinions on this issue in the scientific community [1], but also because moral plots are generally not referred to digital processes.

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Evaluating the efficacy of technical measures: a case study of selection device legislation in the UK Crangon crangon (brown shrimp) fishery

ICES Journal of Marine Science ◽

10.1093/icesjms/fsn016 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 65 (2) ◽

pp. 267-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Tom L. Catchpole ◽

Andrew S. Revill ◽

James Innes ◽

Sean Pascoe

Keyword(s):

Brown Shrimp ◽

Crangon Crangon ◽

Shrimp Fishery ◽

The North ◽

Ex Post ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact ◽

Technical Measures

Abstract Catchpole, T. L., Revill, A. S., Innes, J., and Pascoe, S. 2008. Evaluating the efficacy of technical measures: a case study of selection device legislation in the UK Crangon crangon (brown shrimp) fishery. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 267–275. Bycatch reduction devices are being introduced into a wide range of fisheries, with shrimp and prawn fisheries particularly targeted owing to the heavy discarding common in these fisheries. Although studies are often undertaken to estimate the impact of a technical measure on the fishery before implementation, rarely have the impacts been assessed ex post. Here, the efficacy of the UK legislation pertaining to the use of sievenets in the North Sea Crangon crangon fishery is assessed. Three impacts were evaluated: on fisher behaviour (social), on the level of bycatch (biological), and on vessel profitability (economic). An apparent high level of compliance by skippers was identified despite a low level of enforcement. The estimated reduction in fleet productivity following the introduction of the legislation was 14%, equalling the mean loss of Crangon landings when using sievenets calculated from catch comparison trawls. Sievenets did reduce the unnecessary capture of unwanted marine organisms, but were least effective at reducing 0-group plaice, which make up the largest component of the bycatch. Clearly the legislation has had an effect in the desired direction, but it does not address sufficiently the bycatch issue in the Crangon fishery.

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The EU as an “enforcement patchwork”: the impact of national enforcement for compliance with EU water law in Spain and Britain

Journal of Public Policy ◽

10.1017/s0143814x13000238 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 331-353 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mónica García Quesada

Keyword(s):

Waste Water Treatment ◽

National Level ◽

State Level ◽

Detailed Examination ◽

Deterrent Effect ◽

Eu Law ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact ◽

The Eu

AbstractFailures of compliance with European Union (EU) directives have revealed the EU as a political system capable of enacting laws in a wide range of different policy areas, but facing difficulties to ensure their actual implementation. Although the EU relies on national enforcement agencies to ensure compliance with the EU legislation, there is scarce analysis of the differential deterrent effect of national enforcement in EU law compliance. This article examines the enforcement of an EU water directive, the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive, in Spain and the UK. It focuses on the existing national sanctions for disciplining actors in charge of complying with EU requirements, and on the actual use of punitive sanctions. The analysis shows that a more comprehensive and active disciplinary regime at the national level contributes to explain a higher degree of compliance with EU law. The article calls for a detailed examination of the national administrative and criminal sanction system for a more comprehensive understanding of the incentives and disincentives to comply with EU law at the national state level.

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COVID-VU an ENT UK National Survey of Flexible Nasendoscopy in the Upper Aerodigestive Tract Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

10.21203/rs.3.rs-673407/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Avgi Loizidou ◽

Taranjit Singh Tatla ◽

Ian Harvey ◽

Miriayi Aibibula ◽

Justin Roe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aerodigestive Tract ◽

Upper Aerodigestive Tract ◽

Speech And Language ◽

National Guidelines ◽

Healthcare Settings ◽

Wide Range ◽

Window Opening ◽

Operating Theatres ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

Abstract BackgroundFlexible nasendoscopy (FNE) is an invaluable multi-disciplinary tool for upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) examination. During the COVID-19 pandemic concerns were raised that FNE had the potential of generating aerosols resulting in human cross-contamination when performed on SARS-COV2 carriers. In the UK, and other European countries, national guidelines were issued restricting FNE to essential cases. We surveyed ENT UK members and Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists (RCSLT) members to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (first peak) on FNE practice in the UK.MethodsAn observational internet-based survey constructed in accordance to the CHERRIES checklist and setup in SurveyMonkeyof FNE practice amongst UK-based ENT surgeons and speech and language therapists in community clinics, the outpatient department, inpatient wards, ICU, emergency department and operating theatres (through the NHS and private sector) prior to, during and following the first COVID-19 wave in the UK. Results 314 responses collected (24% response rate), 82% from ENT clinicians, 17% from SLTs and 1% from other allied healthcare professionals. Overall, there has been a large reduction in the volume and indications for FNE during the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic with limited recovery by mid-August 2020. Cancer and airway assessments were impacted less. A wide range of FNE protocols influenced by local factors are reported, varying in endoscope preference, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and sterilization methods. Where dedicated Aerosol Generating Procedure (AGP) rooms were unavailable, clinicians resorted to window opening and variable room “down-time” between patients. Endoscope preference reflected availability and user familiarity, ENT trainees favoring the use of single-use video endoscopes. ConclusionDespite national guidance, local practice of FNE remains interrupted and highly variable in the UK. A collaborative inter-disciplinary approach is required to re-introduce FNE safely in volume across healthcare settings, re-establishing timely endoscopic diagnosis and pre-pandemic levels of patient care.

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Some scientific publications of BPKIHS: a bibliometric study of articles listed in the Web of Science

Health Renaissance ◽

10.3126/hren.v10i2.6584 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 139-143

Author(s):

S Risal ◽

H N Prasad

Keyword(s):

Citation Analysis ◽

Bibliometric Analysis ◽

Scientific Community ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Scientific Productivity ◽

Health Sciences ◽

Academic Institution ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

Number Of Publications ◽

The Web

Scientific productivity of any academic institution is expressed by the total number of publications generated by its academic faculties and the use of the publication by scientific community. Citation analysis is done to evaluate the use of the publications. Use of the publication can be studied with the help of bibliometric analysis. Counting publication, publications trends, authorship patterns and citation analysis are parts of bibliometric analysis. Web of Science is one of the best databases which allow the study in the use of the publications through citation analysis. In this article, scientific articles produced by the faculties and other international affiliated faculties of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences have been studied. Citation analysis of scientific publications of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences is done with the help of the Web of Science, a product of Thomason Reuters.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v10i2.6584 Health Renaissance 2012; Vol 10 (No.2); 139-143

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The bibliometric landscape of infectious disease research in Panama (1990 - 2019): An evaluation of the country’s capability on One Health

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51064/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jose Loaiza ◽

Robinson Zapata ◽

Rao Kosagisharaf ◽

Rolando A. Gittens ◽

Enrique Mendoza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

One Health ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

Strategic Investment ◽

Disease Research ◽

Infectious Disease Research ◽

Health Related ◽

Number Of Publications ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: This work aims to analyze the landscape of scientific publications on subjects related to One Health and infectious diseases in Panama. Methods: Boolean searches on the Web of Science, SCOPUS and PubMed were undertaken to evaluate the main trends of publications related to One Health and infectious disease research in the country of Panama, between 1990 and 2019. Results: 4,547 publications were identified since 1990, including 3,564 peer-reviewed articles interconnected with One Health related descriptors, and 211 articles focused particularly on infectious diseases. There was a pattern of exponential growth in the number of publications with various contributions from Panamanian institutions. The rates of multidisciplinary, inter-institutional and inter-sectoral research ranged from moderate to low, to very low, respectively. Research efforts have centered largely on protozoan, neglected and arthropod-borne diseases with a strong emphasis on malaria, Chagas and leishmaniasis. Conclusion: Panama has scientific capabilities on One Health to tackle future infectious disease threats, but the official collaboration schemes and strategic investment to develop further competencies need to be considered. Through future collaborative efforts, Panama can reduce the risk of pandemics by developing surveillance strategies to improve the prediction of disease spillover, spread and persistence while helping to mitigate the impact on public health and the economy, regionally.

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Response to the STC Inquiry into Scientific Publications: Supporting Excellence in the Science Base

The Biochemist ◽

10.1042/bio02602045 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 45-51

Author(s):

Rhonda Oliver

Keyword(s):

Scientific Community ◽

Publishing Industry ◽

Current Trend ◽

House Of Commons ◽

Academic Institutions ◽

Scientific Process ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

Science Base ◽

Teachers And Students ◽

The Impact

In December last year, the House of Commons Science and Technology Committee (STC) announced that it was to conduct an inquiry into scientific publications. It was interested in access to journals within the scientific community and, in particular, price and availability. In a statement, the Committee said that it “will be asking what measures are being taken in government, the publishing industry and academic institutions to ensure that researchers, teachers and students have access to the publications they need in order to carry out their work effectively. The inquiry will also examine the impact that the current trend towards e-publishing may have on the integrity of journals and the scientific process.” It invited written evidence from interested organizations and individuals. Here is the Society's submission.

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Deposit Protection and Bank Resolution

10.1093/law/9780198743057.001.0001 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Kleftouri Nikoletta

Keyword(s):

Financial Stability ◽

Deposit Insurance ◽

Global Financial Crisis ◽

International Standards ◽

Banking Union ◽

European Banking Union ◽

Bank Resolution ◽

Protection Systems ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

The 2007–08 global financial crisis proved that the interests of bank depositors are inadequately protected. Although a vast expansion in deposit protection systems around the world followed, our understanding of the impact of those systems and their interaction with bank resolution is still in its infancy. The focus of bank resolution studies has been on the largest systemically important banks, which have wholesale creditors who would be bailed in, leaving retail depositors untouched. However, many banks rely mostly on deposits for financing, and the number of banks of this form is expected to increase. This book aims to explain and provide current material analysis of deposit protection and bank resolution regimes. The analysis is based on an examination of the traditional rationales for creating deposit insurance and bank resolution, and a specific study of the UK, EU, and US legal frameworks. It aims to offer an analysis of this topic and to cover all relevant regulations, from its origins to its most recent developments, in a systematic and thorough way. It approaches the much-desired objective of financial stability from a different angle: that of depositor protection. This book comprises ten chapters, analysing: the rationales for creating a deposit protection system; the limitations of deposit protection systems; the European deposit insurance framework; the European banking union; recent cases on deposit guarantee schemes; international standards on deposit insurance; the UK deposit insurance framework; international and European regulatory developments on bank resolution; the UK Special Resolution Regime; and the US paradigm.

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The Impact of International Management Standards on Academic Research

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10124656 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 4656 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna Pohle ◽

Knut Blind ◽

Dmitry Neustroev

Keyword(s):

Scientific Community ◽

Practical Knowledge ◽

Academic Research ◽

International Management ◽

Iso 14001 ◽

Research Progress ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

Management Standards ◽

The Impact ◽

Forward Citations

Management standards serve as an effective knowledge diffusion channel, considering that they offer comprehensive scientific and practical knowledge for many different stakeholders. This research aims to study the potential of management standards to diffuse knowledge, especially within the scientific community. Therefore, it analyzes the relationship between management standards and the academic literature. It focuses on international management standards, namely ISO 14001 and ISO 9001 and their ‘European counterparts’ EMAS and the EFQM Excellence model. We tested whether scientific publications, which address these international and European management standards, are more likely to lead to follow-up research than comparable scientific publications measured by the impact on average forward citations. Hence, we applied a negative binominal regression model on bibliometric data. Findings show that publications addressing ISO 14001 alone or in combination with other standards lead to higher average forward citations than the comparison group. In conclusion, international management standards foster the academic research progress of the topics addressed by the respective standard. Our research implies the importance of monitoring standards for the scientific community and suggests Standard Setting Organizations to foster actively the research progress.

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Memorandum “Open Metadata”

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.3414/me15-05-0007 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 54 (04) ◽

pp. 376-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

M. Dugas ◽

K. -H. Jöckel ◽

T. Friede ◽

O. Gefeller ◽

M. Kieser ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Case Report ◽

Open Access ◽

Scientific Community ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

International Standards ◽

Medical Documentation ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

The Public ◽

Routine Patient Care

SummaryAt present, most documentation forms and item catalogs in healthcare are not accessible to the public. This applies to assessment forms of routine patient care as well as case report forms (CRFs) of clinical and epidemiological studies. On behalf of the German chairs for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology six recommendations to developers and users of documentation forms in healthcare were developed. Open access to medical documentation forms could substantially improve information systems in health-care and medical research networks. Therefore these forms should be made available to the scientific community, their use should not be unduly restricted, they should be published in a sustainable way using international standards and sources of documentation forms should be referenced in scientific publications.

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Interlending and resource sharing in UK public libraries: A mixed methods study

Journal of Librarianship and Information Science ◽

10.1177/0961000616637670 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 168-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Simon Wakeling ◽

Sophie Rutter ◽

Briony Birdi ◽

Stephen Pinfield

Keyword(s):

Mixed Methods ◽

Resource Sharing ◽

Public Libraries ◽

Public Library ◽

Mixed Methods Study ◽

The Public ◽

Library Funding ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

This paper presents the results of a mixed methods study of interlending and resource sharing in UK public libraries, based on the results of a survey distributed to both senior library managers and interlending staff, and in-depth follow-up interviews with 20 respondents. We present an analysis of perspectives towards rates of interlending, the rationales and strategies for providing the service, the perceived value for money offered by various interlending schemes, the impact of the current digital environment, and views on the future of interlending in the UK. Our findings suggest that while interlending services are undoubtedly threatened by the drastic cuts to public library funding, and that demand for the service is more generally in decline, resource sharing is viewed by some as a potential means of mitigating the effects of increasingly limited acquisitions budgets, and ensuring the public library system continues to provide access to a wide range of resources for its users.

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