scholarly journals Wpływ nowych zasad zarządzania mieniem państwowym na kształt rady nadzorczej i zarządu spółki komunalnej

2018 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 371-385
Author(s):  
Mirosław Stec
Keyword(s):  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
The State ◽  
The Self ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Public Property ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact

THE IMPACT OF NEW RULES OF THE MANAGEMENT OF STATE PROPERTY ON THE SHAPE OF THE SUPERVISORY BOARD AND THE BOARD OF THE MUNICIPAL COMPANYThe act on the management of the state property adopted in 2016 significantly transformed the entire system of management of state property, including its functional and structural-organisational aspects. As part of this reform, some provisions of the municipal economy act were also amended, which is understandable given affiliation of both types of property state and municipal to one category of public property. This article answers the question — what are the consequences for the self-government sector and economic agents operating within it entrepreneurs acting on the basis of municipal property of the changes made relating to the status, composition, appointment and operation of the supervisory board and board of directors of municipal company.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECOLOGICAL BUSINESS IN UKRAINE

2017 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Iryna Skorokhod ◽  
Lyudmyla Hrynchuk
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Status ◽  
Factors Of Influence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Eu

Introduction. The article deals the impact of European integration on the development of ecological business in Ukraine. The Association of Ukraine and the EU implies adaptation and reforms not only in economy, but also in others areas, including ecology. The factors of influence and their consequences on the development of environmental business in the state are investigated. The main obstacles for using the experience of the EU countries are highlighted. Prospects of further using of "green enterprise" methods in Ukraine are considered. Purpose. The aim of the article is to reveal the essence, forms, stages of formation and innovative forms of the ecological business; to analyze the experience of ecological business and its regulation in the EU countries; to characterize the status and the impact of European integration on ecological business in Ukraine. Method (methodology). Methods of analogy and comparison are used in the study of problematic aspects of Ukraine and the EU in the field of ecology. Statistical methods are used for analyzing the dynamics of indicators of the development of ecological business in the state. Systematic approach is used for explaining strategic guidelines and identifying further promising ways for the development of ecological business in Ukraine. Results. The main aspects of cooperation between Ukraine and the EU have been analyzed. The main directions of further development of common cooperation have been singled out. The proposals of improving the position of Ukrainian eco-goods and services on the European market have been substantiated.

scholarly journals Analytical View on the Impact of Foreign Aid on the Palestinian Local Development within the Framework of the Local Government Sector - Under the State Building Phase -

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayma Jamal Bawatneh
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Impact

This paper trying to assess the impact of foreign aid on the Palestinian local development by focusing on the role of PLGS and monitoring the readiness of the Palestinian local development plans to face and manage the future in case foreign aid is cut off permanently from the State of Palestine. The paper poses main question: Is foreign aid “within the framework of the PLGS” being channeled within the proper course of local development? Taking into account the exceptional circumstances of building a State under colonialism and under a centralized system of government. Main results were presented via SWOT analysis which based on deep literature review, interviewing local officials, and identification of performance indicators which used in the assessment. Findings of this study pointed out that despite the fragility of the Palestinian local governance sector which has many internal problems and external challenges; there are many opportunities that must be invested within the available potentials in order to achieve sustainable local development. Besides, reducing the value of foreign aid until do without it is the proper course toward sustainable local development through changing the mentality of consuming into investing. The study presented many valuable recommendations to correct the path of local development in the state of Palestine and how to activate the positive aspects that related to obtaining foreign aid. Developing countries can rely on the results of this study as they are similar in the fragility of their administrative systems.

International Law and its Impact on The Hijaz

The Hijaz ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 155-204
Author(s):  
Malik R. Dahlan
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Holy See ◽  
The Status ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Chapter 6 is an international legal examination of the status of The Hijaz in the aftermath of its conquest and absorption into a Saudi personal union. It discusses the impact of the 1933 Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States as well as the Territorial Principle. The Chapter tackles the legal question of secession and warns against the pitfalls of the ‘Self-Determination Trap’. It draws lessons from the difference between involuntary extinction of states as opposed to their creation. By looking at the cases of Czechoslovakia and Quebec it tackles the issue of ‘the Right to Secession by Agreement’. The Chapter reflects on lessons from Scotland, Catalan and Kurdistan highlighting that The Hijaz presents us with a delicate and nuanced understanding of ‘Internal Self-Determination’ and ‘Autonomy’ establishing, de facto, an international legal status of “Self-Determination Spectrum Disorder”. A special status calls for an active and special legal solution. The notion of a broader integrative role for The Hijaz and the broader Islamic world. The potential integrative institutionalization of The Hijaz is investigated bringing to bare a unique approach to self-determination that would entail coupling autonomy with international territorial administration. The propositions under this Chapter are supported by looking at other sui generis entities such as the Holy See being sovereigns without being states.

scholarly journals Change in the state of an exploited fish population: From individual indicators to integral assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-410
Author(s):  
E. I. Boznak ◽  
V. G. Tereshchenko ◽  
A. B. Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Integral Index ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
The Status ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Integral Assessment ◽  
The Impact

We adapted the approach used for the integral assessment of the status of ecosystems in order to assess population status. Classic theoretical concepts of fish population dynamics are the basis of this approach. The convolution of information about changes in several structural and functional characteristics into one integral index was performed using the analytical function of desirability. The index varied 0 to 1 and quantitatively characterizes the state of the population. This approach was tested on the example of the European grayling Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus, 1758), inhabiting the Vym River (basin of the Northern Dvina River, North of the European part of Russia). The materials were collected during the environmental monitoring carried out by the Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IB FRC Komi SC UB RAS) in 2002, 2005–2019. The population parameters used in the calculations (relative abundance; average and maximum age of fish; the proportion of matured individuals in the 4+ age group; average specific growth rate of fish at the age of 6+; body weight of fish in the age group 6+) were characterized on the basis of the control net catches. Compared with the period 2005–2006, the value of the integral index in 2015–2018 decreased by almost two times. This indicates deterioration in the condition of the grayling group in the study area. There were no serious disturbances in the fish habitat in this area. The main hydrochemical and hydrobiological indicators have not changed significantly. The main reason for the observed changes is likely the significant increase in the impact of recreational anglers. The proposed integral index may be useful both for assessing the state of fish populations and for developing measures for the rational management of fish stocks.

scholarly journals Methodical apparatus for evaluating the state of aviation system safety and security

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. I. Bachkalo ◽  
V. I. Zolotykh
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The State ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
The Status ◽  
Aircraft System ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the existing problems that impede the effective safety management of the flights of the air forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. As a result, this analysis revealed the contradiction between the need to build a safety management system and the lack of effective mechanisms for assessing the state of the aviation system and taking into account the influence of the human factor of aviation professionals on flight safety. The contradiction identified the need for developing a set of methods to estimate the actual state of the aviation system protection from the effects of threats associated with the human factor of flight personnel. A methodological apparatus was developed for assessing the security status of an aviation system against hazardous factors, which is based on applying a personality-oriented approach to assessing and managing the state of an aviation system. The method of assessing the state of flight safety allows you to quantify the state of protection of the crew-aircraft system from the impact of hazards caused by the personal factor of a particular pilot before the flight and to assess in near real-time the state of protection of the crew-aircraft system during the flight. The method of assessing the state of safety in aviation formation allows you to assess the status of safety during the organization and conduct of flights, taking into account the influence of the human factor of flight personnel in  near real time.

scholarly journals The Impact of International Social Security Standards on Formalization of Social Risks in National Legislation

2017 ◽  
pp. 97-105
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The Self ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
National Legislation ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Security Standards ◽  
The Impact

The article deals with the international standards of social security from the position of stipulation of social risks in them. On the basis of the state self-limitation theory, the author concludes that there exists a process of self-limitation in the field of social security. By ratification of international treaties establishing standards in the field of social security, a state limits itself. Thereby the state makes a commitment to support its citizens in prevention, overcoming, and compensation of social risks. It demands from the state to formalize the social risks in the national legislation. It is proved that formalization of social risks in national legislation is an inner aspect of the self-limitation process in the field of social security. Some social risks might be also stipulated in international documents, in particular, in the UN and the International Labour Organization instruments. Both internal and external aspects of the self-limitation process in the field of social security are in close interrelation. At the same time, implementation of certain international standards entails significant financial and organizational budget expenditures, therefore such standards can be implemented in part. From the author’s point of view, it is the internal aspect of self-limitation that serves as a guarantee from arbitrariness of a legislator in formalization of social risks.

scholarly journals Debt Component of Ensuring the Sustainability of Public Finances in Ukraine: The Status and Trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (522) ◽  
pp. 178-186
Author(s):  
T. A. Koliada ◽  
◽  
L. Y. Bench ◽  
N. D. Rybina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Debt Security ◽  
Us Dollar ◽  
The Impact

The article is aimed at evaluating the State debt and the State-guaranteed debt as components of ensuring the sustainability of Ukraine's public finances, identifying trends and factors that determine debt security and affect the pace of development of the country's economy. The article discloses the indicators of measuring the sustainability of public finances; indicators of effectiveness of the policy of ensuring the sustainability of Public Finances of Ukraine until 2030 are presented; the role and importance of debt security in ensuring the sustainability of public finances is determined. A factor analysis of the State debt and the State-guaranteed debt is carried out on the main grounds – the average US dollar exchange rate per year, GDP, revenues and expenditures of the State budget – in order to identify trends in changes in its structure and volumes for the period 2016-2020. The main financial risks and the degree of their impact on debt security are defined, a forecast of the State debt and the State-guaranteed debt of Ukraine for the medium term for 2021-2023 has been developed using the polynomial trend. The likelihood of a worsening the debt situation in Ukraine by 2023 and, as a result, a deterioration in the resilience of public finances due to the unfolding of the coronavirus pandemic, which can be equated with the crises of 2008-2009 and 2014-2015, is proved. Proposals to improve Ukraine's debt security in the context of the coronavirus pandemic have been substantiated. Prospect for further research in this direction is to prove the need to make managerial decisions to ensure the sustainability of public finances, taking into account not only macroeconomic, but also political and institutional factors, the impact of which increases significantly in the context of democracy.

scholarly journals Digital Archiving for Archaeology: the state of the art in Argentina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés D. Izeta ◽  
Roxana Cattáneo
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
National Level ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
General Evaluation ◽  
Research Infrastructures ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact

This article discusses the state-of-the art of digital archives for archaeological research in Argentina. It also presents and characterises the national and international legal framework and the role played by funding agencies and professional bodies in archaeological practice. In addition, it reports how legal corpora regulate the impact on the management of archaeological digital data. Research infrastructures available at the national level are described, such as the Suquía, an institutional digital archive devoted to archaeology since 2016. Finally, we make a general evaluation of the status quo of research infrastructures mostly concerned with preserving and disseminating data from archaeological research at the national level.

scholarly journals Applying the Population Health Standard to the Regulation of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Cahn ◽  
Jeffrey Drope ◽  
Clifford E Douglas ◽  
Rosemarie Henson ◽  
Carla J Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Health ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
The State ◽  
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ◽  
Nicotine Delivery ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Regulatory authorities have devoted increasing attention and resources to a range of issues surrounding the regulation of novel nicotine and tobacco products. This review highlights the inherent complexity of evaluating prospective policies that pertain to products that heat solutions containing nicotine but not tobacco leaf, sometimes referred to as electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is compelled to incorporate a set of public health criteria in their decision-making, collectively referred to as the Population Health Standard. Adherence to this standard is necessary to estimate the impact of prospective ENDS policy decisions on net population harm associated with non-therapeutic nicotine products. For policies that are expected to decrease or increase ENDS use, application of the Population Health Standard requires a comprehensive assessment of the status quo impact of ENDS use on population health. Accordingly, this review first assesses the state of the evidence on the direct harms of ENDS and the indirect effects of ENDS use on smoking, particularly rates of initiation and cessation. After that, the example of flavor restrictions is used to demonstrate the further considerations that are involved in applying the Population Health Standard to a prospective ENDS policy. Implications This narrative review aims to inform regulatory considerations about ends through the prism of the population health standard. More specifically, this review: 1) describes and explains the importance of this approach; 2) provides guidance on evaluating the state of the evidence linking ends to the net population harm associated with non-therapeutic nicotine products; and 3) illustrates how this framework can inform policymaking using the example of flavor restrictions.

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