scholarly journals The influence of the heating time of a catalyst-covered glow plug on the exhaust emissions from a diesel engine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Andrych-Zalewska ◽  
Jerzy Merkisz ◽  
Jacek Pielecha
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Glow Plug ◽  
Engine Start

The paper discusses the application of an in-cylinder catalyst allowing a reduction of the exhaust emissions from a diesel engine. Its placement in the combustion chamber, the area where the process of combustion takes place, allows reducing the emissions (carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, particulate matter) ‘at source’. The paper presents the possibilities of boosting the efficiency of catalysts in diesel engines by extending the time of heating of a glow plug (the catalyst applied on the glow plug). The tests were performed for the following conditions: no heating (marked 0+0), glow plug heating for 60 s after engine start (marked 0+60), glow plug heating prior to engine start for 60 s and glow plug heating for 60 s after engine cold start (marked 60+60). An improvement in the efficiency of oxidation of the exhaust components was observed as the glow plug heating time increased.

scholarly journals Influence of the Length of a Catalyst-Coated Glow Plug on Exhaust Emissions

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6557
Author(s):  
Jerzy Merkisz ◽  
Jacek Pielecha ◽  
Monika Andrych-Zalewska
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Glow Plug ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment

This paper discusses the application of an in-cylinder catalyst in reducing the exhaust emissions from a diesel engine. This is an additional method of exhaust gas aftertreatment; yet the placement of a catalyst in the combustion chamber (i.e., the closest location to the process of combustion) allows a reduction of the emissions ‘at source’ (the catalyst applied on the glow plugs). For the investigations, we used an engine dynamometer to reproduce the traffic conditions of a homologation test carried out on a chassis dynamometer. We carried out the investigations on a Euro 4 1.3 JTD MultiJet diesel engine. The selection of the research object was followed by an analysis of the number of engines used in the EU meeting individual emission standards. We present results (measurement of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, particle number, and carbon dioxide) related to the assessment of the applicability of the in-cylinder catalyst for three types of glow plugs: standard, catalyst-covered, and a prototype plug with an elongated catalyst-covered heating part. Prototype catalytic glow plugs ensure a few percent reduction in the emission of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, and particle number. The use of such a solution (glow plug replacement) in most diesel engines (easy to retrofit) would improve the environmental performance of combustion engines. It is of particular importance that in-cylinder catalysts are most efficient during cold start and warm-up, which is often the case in urban driving.

STUDI PENENTUAN KOMPOSISI OPTIMUM CAMPURAN BAHAN BAKAR BIODIESEL–PETRODIESEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soni S. Wirawan dkk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Biodiesel Blend

Biodiesel is a viable substitute for petroleum-based diesel fuel. Its advantages are improved lubricity, higher cetane number and cleaner emission. Biodiesel and its blends with petroleum-based diesel fuel can be used in diesel engines without any signifi cant modifi cations to the engines. Data from the numerous research reports and test programs showed that as the percent of biodiesel in blends increases, emission of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM) all decrease, but the amount of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and fuel consumption is tend to increase. The most signifi cant hurdle for broader commercialization of biodiesel is its cost. In current fuel price policy in Indonesia (especially fuel for transportation), the higher percent of biodiesel in blend will increase the price of blends fuel. The objective of this study is to assess the optimum blends of biodiesel with petroleum-based diesel fuel from the technically and economically consideration. The study result recommends that 20% biodiesel blend with 80% petroleum-based diesel fuel (B20) is the optimum blend for unmodifi ed diesel engine uses.Keywords: biodiesel, emission, optimum, blend

Experimental and theoretical study of particulate re-entrainment from the combustion chamber walls of a diesel engine

1997 ◽  
Vol 211 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Abu-Qudais ◽  
D. B. Kittelson
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Surface Shear ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Soot Deposition ◽  
Engine Cycle

The purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of the in-cylinder surfaces on the net emission of the particulate matter in the exhaust of a single cylinder, diesel engine. In order to obtain this information, time-resolved sampling was done to characterize the particulate matter emitted in the engine exhaust. A rotating probe sampled the free exhaust plume once each engine cycle. The rotation of the probe was synchronized with the engine cycle in such a way that the samples could be taken at any predetermined crank angle degree window. The sampling probe was designed for isokinetic sampling in order to obtain reliable results. To characterize the exhaust particulate in real time, a filter for mass concentration measurements was used. The results showed about 45 per cent higher mass concentrations as well as particles of larger diameter emitted during blowdown than late in the displacement phase of the exhaust stroke. This suggests that high in-cylinder shear rates and velocities which are associated with the blowdown process, cause the deposited soot to be re-entrained from the surfaces of the combustion chamber, where re-entrainment is favoured by conditions of high surface shear. A mathematical model to predict the amount of soot re-entrained from the cylinder walls is presented. This model is based on information presented in the literature along with the results of the time-resolved measurements of mass concentration. This model supported the hypothesis of soot deposition during the combustion process, with subsequent re-entrainment during the blowdown process of the exhaust stroke.

Switching Converters Development Systems for Electrostart Diesel Engine Start

2015 ◽  
Vol 792 ◽  
pp. 529-535
Author(s):  
Stanislav V. Makarov ◽  
Alexander Vladimirovish Myatez ◽  
Vitali D. Suslyakov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Circuit Design ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Switching Converters ◽  
Power Circuit ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pulse Converter ◽  
Engine Start ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents the research aimed at improving the efficiency of the diesel engines running. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing systems of the starter starting systems of diesel locomotives are considered. Brainstorming ideas on the issue of the calculation and selection of the alternative circuitry power circuit pulse converter starting system of diesel engines are described in the paper. An example of calculating the regulating characteristics of the pulse converter and the efficiency of the proposed circuit design is reported.

scholarly journals Influence of spray-glow plug configuration on cold start combustion for high-speed direct injection diesel engines

Energy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 5486-5496 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.V. Pastor ◽  
V. Bermúdez ◽  
J.M. García-Oliver ◽  
J.G. Ramírez-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Glow Plug

Experimental Study of Performance and Exhaust Emissions of a VCR Diesel Engine Fuelled With Oxygenated Additives

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Nayyar ◽  
Dilip Sharma ◽  
Shyam Lal Soni ◽  
Alok Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ternary Blend ◽  
Binary Blends ◽  
Oxygenated Additives

This paper reports the results of a study to determine a ternary blend of oxygenated additives for reduction in smoke emissions in diesel engines. Initial studies on binary blends established twenty percent (by volume) n-butanol-diesel blend (B20) as the base fuel. Subsequently observations were taken with Nitromethane (NM)-n-butanol-diesel blends. It was observed that binary blends are not able to reduce smoke and other emissions beyond the optimum blending ratio (B20). Also, Cetane Number of binary blends was found to be lowered due to poor Cetane Number of n-butanol. It is therefore necessary to add another additive which helps in reducing smoke substantially and improve Cetane Number of blend without affecting the other parameters. The study found that blending of one percent of NM by volume gives best results for smoke reduction. The overall effect of this ternary blend is to reduce the smoke and NOx up to 69.76% and 5.4% respectively. It is concluded that NM-n-butanol-diesel blend would be a potential fuel for smoke reduction in diesel engines.

scholarly journals Extension of an assessment model of ship traffic exhaust emissions for particulate matter and carbon monoxide

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 2641-2659 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-P. Jalkanen ◽  
L. Johansson ◽  
J. Kukkonen ◽  
A. Brink ◽  
J. Kalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Sulphur Content ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Engine Load ◽  
Ship Traffic

Abstract. A method is presented for the evaluation of the exhaust emissions of marine traffic, based on the messages provided by the Automatic Identification System (AIS), which enable the positioning of ship emissions with a high spatial resolution (typically a few tens of metres). The model also takes into account the detailed technical data of each individual vessel. The previously developed model was applicable for evaluating the emissions of NOx, SOx and CO2. This paper addresses a substantial extension of the modelling system, to allow also for the mass-based emissions of particulate matter (PM) and carbon monoxide (CO). The presented Ship Traffic Emissions Assessment Model (STEAM2) allows for the influences of accurate travel routes and ship speed, engine load, fuel sulphur content, multiengine setups, abatement methods and waves. We address in particular the modeling of the influence on the emissions of both engine load and the sulphur content of the fuel. The presented methodology can be used to evaluate the total PM emissions, and those of organic carbon, elemental carbon, ash and hydrated sulphate. We have evaluated the performance of the extended model against available experimental data on engine power, fuel consumption and the composition-resolved emissions of PM. We have also compared the annually averaged emission values with those of the corresponding EMEP inventory, As example results, the geographical distributions of the emissions of PM and CO are presented for the marine regions of the Baltic Sea surrounding the Danish Straits.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document