scholarly journals Safety in the use of car gas fuel installations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Chojnowski
Keyword(s):  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
System Components ◽  
Gas Fuel ◽  
Propane Butane

The safe use of gas fuel installations in vehicles is guaranteed by legal and technical aspects. These topics are included in this study. The regulations ensuring safety in the operation of the mentioned fuel systems serve as a solution for potentially hazardous situations. The components of propane-butane and CNG fueling systems are designed, manufactured and tested to maximize their safety of use. The regulations [6, 7, 8] define the guidelines for the arrangement and assembly method of the system components, and additionally, the assembly service itself may be performed only by an authorized workshop with granted permissions. Installations using gaseous fuels are safer than conventional fuels in the event of a collision or fire, as long as the user of the installation does not gross negligence in operation and maintenance. The article also discusses the context of the restriction in access to the car infrastructure for cars powered by gaseous fuels.

Engine Knock Rating of Natural Gases—Methane Number

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Ryan ◽  
T. J. Callahan ◽  
S. R. King
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Natural Gases ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Engine Knock ◽  
Methane Number ◽  
And Control ◽  
Propane Butane

A procedure has been developed and documented for determining the methane number of gaseous fuels. The methane number provides an indication of the knock tendency of the fuel. An experimental test matrix was designed for quantifying the effects of ethane, propane, butane, and CO2. A unique gas mixing and control system was developed to supply test gases to the engine and to control the equivalence ratio and engine operation. The results of the experiments agreed well with the limited data published in the literature. Predictive equations were developed for the methane number (MN) of gaseous fuels using the gas composition. The forms of these equations are suitable for incorporation in a computer program or a spreadsheet.

Gaseous Fuels Capability of Industrial Gas Turbines

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Y. Hung ◽  
J. G. Meier
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Sanitary Landfills ◽  
Liquid Petroleum Gas ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Gas Fuel ◽  
Alternate Fuels ◽  
Gas Medium

This paper describes the successful development and application of industrial gas turbines using alternate gaseous fuels. These fuels include liquid petroleum gas, medium-Btu fuels derived from biodegradation of organic matters found in sanitary landfills and liquid sewage, and ultra-low Btu fuels from oilfield fireflood operations. The analyses, mathematical modelling and rig verification performed in the development are discussed. The effects of burning these alternate fuels on the gas turbine and its combustion system are compared to those of using standard natural gas fuel. Gas turbine development required to use other alternative gaseous fuels is also assessed.

Knock Limits and Performance of Some Gaseous Fuels in a Supercharged Spark-Ignition Engine

1970 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 857-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. D. Annand ◽  
S. J. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Ignition Time ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Simple Parameter ◽  
Propane Butane

Observations of knock limits, in terms of ignition time for borderline knock, are presented for methane and propane at a range of supercharge conditions up to 9 ***lbf/in2boost, in a spark-ignition engine of 105 mm bore running at speeds of 600 and 920 rev/min, with compression ratios of 7·7/1 and 9·5/1. Associated measurements of output and economy are given. Less extensive observations on a butane fuel, and on methane-propane and propane-butane mixtures, are also included. From an examination of computed temperature-pressure histories in the unburned portion of the mixture, it is found that the knock limited ignition advance on the propane fuel at chemically-correct mixture can be closely predicted over the full range of operating conditions covered, by the attainment of a certain critical value of a simple parameter.

SCC Growth Rates and Reference Curves for Low Carbon Stainless Steels in BWR Environment

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikiro Itow ◽  
Masaaki Kikuchi ◽  
Norihiko Tanaka ◽  
Jiro Kuniya ◽  
Michiyoshi Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Crack Growth Rate ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
System Components ◽  
Reference Curves

Nuclear Plant Operation and Maintenance Code has been developed and is going to be applied for nuclear power system components in Japan. If a crack is detected in a component, the evaluation of crack growth due to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is required. In recent years, the components in BWR primary systems made of low carbon stainless steel, such as core shroud and PLR piping, have suffered from SCC and it is necessary to prepare the crack growth rate reference curves for the materials. In this paper, the development of the SCC growth rate database for low carbon stainless steel in BWR water and the proposed reference curves in Japan are described.

scholarly journals REVIEW OF THE NATURAL PHENOMENON AND HUMAN INTERVENTION THAT AFFECT THE CONDITION OF RIVER PERFORMANCE AND INFRASTRUCTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Tommy Kurniawan ◽  
Muhammad Bisri ◽  
Pitojo Tri Juwono ◽  
Ery Suhartanto
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Technical Aspect ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Residential Density ◽  
Flowing Water ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Infrastructure Performance

The river's ability in flowing water has been there naturally. The benchmarks of river ability in carrying out the function are mentioned as the river performance; however, the benchmarks of river infrastructure ability in carrying out the function are mentioned as the river infrastructure performance. This study intends to review some aspects of the previous research related to river performance and infrastructure. The methodology consists of reviewing several acts and relevant previous research that some aspects have been proved to influence the river performance and infrastructure. The aspects are classified into two categories: 1) technical aspect that is directly affecting the river performance (come from the nature condition); and 2) non-technical aspect that is indirectly affecting the river performance (come from human intervention). The result shows that: 1) The technical aspects affecting the river performance and infrastructure are erosion, sedimentation, slope, infiltration, morphology, and vegetation surrounding the river; 2) The non-technical aspects that are affecting the river performance and infrastructure consists of land use, residential density, trash, operation and maintenance of river, human activity, and government policy.

The Use of Gaseous Fuels on Aero-Derivative Gas Turbine Engines

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Mathieu ◽  
Pericles Pilidis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Generator ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Flow Balance ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Gas Fuel

In this paper, the use of various gaseous fuels in aero-derivative gas turbine engines is analysed. The gases investigated are natural gas and three coal synthetic gases of calorific values which are significantly lower than that of natural gas. The analysis is carried out employing natural gas fuel as a yardstick for comparison. Due to the lower calorific values of synthetic gases, the mass flow balance between compressors and turbines is altered. This in turn affects the matching of the components and the overall performance of a gas turbine engine. The engines examined are a single spool gas generator with a free power turbine and the double engine described in a previous paper. The main conclusion drawn from this analysis is that, for a given power output, the use of synthetic gases will result in an erosion of surge margins and in a reduction of the overall efficiency of the power plant.

scholarly journals Kajian Menaikkan Penggunaan Bahan Bakar Gas Untuk Transportasi Jalan Sekaligus Menekan Pencemaran Udara

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Budi Sitorus
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Development Capacity ◽  
Gas Fuel ◽  
Gas Supply

The use of fuel oil for transportation is the largest 56% of national consumption, and road transport which is the largest consuming 88%. In urban areas, transport causes 87% of air riollution that reduce air quality resulting from the use of fossil fuels. The use of gaseous fuels for transport has not grown significantly in part because of gas supply iifficulties. The main problem is haw to increase the use of gas fuel for road transport, especially in urban areas. Study goal is to formulate recommendations to raise the use of CNG for road transport. The benefit for reducing fossil fuel consumption without reducing public services. The method : s descriptive qualitative approach and comparison with developed countries. The study re;ults suggest that steps need to be taken from the development capacity of the source gas, 'ransmission and distribution, SPBG, slowfill and fast fill, socialization and supervision of nstallation of converter kits for public transportation, certification workshops, mechanics to nstall converter kit, pricing pro-society.Keywords: Increased, use of CNG road transport

scholarly journals Vocational high school as a part of Indonesian photovoltaics supply chain

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
R Budiarto ◽  
N Effendy ◽  
F Aliyah ◽  
D Novitasari ◽  
I A Mubarok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
System Components ◽  
National Industry ◽  
New Jobs

Abstract As a part of its national policy, Indonesia significantly increases its photovoltaics (PV) role in its energy mix. As investment in PV grows significantly, there is also demand to increase benefits in new jobs creation. Meanwhile, the dependence on imported components and support for the operation and maintenance of the system is still a big challenge. There is a strong demand in increasing capacity of the national industry to provide support in various aspects. This capability in all parts of the Indonesian PV supply chain needs to be improved. This study explored the opportunity to more intensively integrate the vocational education system into the PV supply chain to answer the problem related to the PV application in Indonesia. The research was focused on the Vocational High School (VHS). The analysis is conducted on various data of the VHS: its number, its spatial distribution, and its program to develop the student’s expertise. The study shows that VHS has opportunities to play a significant role in developing the PV industry in Indonesia. It can be realized systemically not merely for skilled labor provision but also to increase the production capacity of various PV system components.

Music and neuroimaging: Technical aspects

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Paul Keenan ◽  
Jennifer Romanowski ◽  
William Chistiana ◽  
Gottfried Schlaug
Keyword(s):  
Technical Aspects
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