Optimizing the elevation of the outer rail in railway curves based on the cost of the overhaul cycle

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Vladimir P. BELTIUKOV ◽  
◽  
Andrey V. ANDREEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Point Estimation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Track Maintenance ◽  
Curved Track ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

Objective: To determine the optimal elevation of the outer rail in a curved track section based on technical and economic criteria, calculating the life cycle cost using the methods of life cycle re-source management, risks, and reliability analysis (URRAN methodology). Methods: The authors used multivariate analysis, point estimation, the probability theory and mathematical statistics, the theory of reliability of technical systems, the URRAN methodology, field observations of the condi-tion of the curved track sections and the scope of work during their maintenance. Results: A model of the overhaul cycle of a curved track section has been developed. The dependences of the change in the intensity of the accumulation of faults and the cost of track maintenance during the overhaul cycle on the average values of undamped train accelerations when moving along the sur-veyed sections are presented. The optimal values of undamped acceleration are determined for various operating conditions of railway curves, which provide the minimum track maintenance costs. The authors have found that the minimum cost of the overhaul cycle is the factor for choos-ing the optimal undamped acceleration during the overhaul cycle. The optimal elevation of the out-er rail has been calculated and the actual values in the investigated sections have been analyzed. The method’s economic efficiency is calculated in the form of the ratio of the difference between the costs of the overhaul cycle for the actual and optimal elevations of the outer rail. Practical im-portance: Optimization of the elevation of the outer rail will enable minimizing the intensity of the accumulation of faults and, therefore, reduce the cost of maintenance on the track. The total cost of routine track maintenance will be reduced by 5–10 %.

Sampling Methods for Uncertainty in Life Cycle Cost Analysis in Product Design

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Cunha ◽  
Qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Latin Hypercube Sampling ◽  
R Package ◽  
Monte Carlo Sampling ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

Life cycle cost (LCC) analysis was initiated from the necessity to calculate the cost of products from ‘cradle to grave’. LCC is not a new tool, but its use is still limited and requires further studies, especially concerning all the uncertainty involved. This project seeks to study and understand the difference between the two most common sampling methods utilized to measure this uncertainty: Latin Hypercube sampling (LHS) and Random sampling (also known as Monte Carlo sampling). The LLC model was developed in SEER-H Galorath Software and the samples from two different types of variable and in two sizes (100 and 1000) were collected using Microsoft Excel and the Risk Solver Add-in. The data was analyzed with a range of statistical tools using the R package software: t-Test, boxplot, scatterplot and the cumulative distribution function. The results point to the fact that LHS seems to be more accurate using small samples, but when comparing big samples the outcome is quite similar in both sampling methods.

scholarly journals Optimal Renovation Strategies through Life-Cycle Analysis in a Pilot Building Located in a Mild Mediterranean Climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1423
Author(s):  
José Manuel Salmerón Lissen ◽  
Cristina Isabel Jareño Escudero ◽  
Francisco José Sánchez de la Flor ◽  
Miriam Navarro Escudero ◽  
Theoni Karlessi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
The Cost

The 2030 climate and energy framework includes EU-wide targets and policy objectives for the period 2021–2030 of (1) at least 55% cuts in greenhouse gas emissions (from 1990 levels); (2) at least 32% share for renewable energy; and (3) at least 32.5% improvement in energy efficiency. In this context, the methodology of the cost-optimal level from the life-cycle cost approach has been applied to calculate the cost of renovating the existing building stock in Europe. The aim of this research is to analyze a pilot building using the cost-optimal methodology to determine the renovation measures that lead to the lowest life-cycle cost during the estimated economic life of the building. The case under study is an apartment building located in a mild Mediterranean climate (Castellon, SP). A package of 12 optimal solutions has been obtained to show the importance of the choice of the elements and systems for renovating building envelopes and how energy and economic aspects influence this choice. Simulations have shown that these packages of optimal solutions (different configurations for the building envelope, thermal bridges, airtightness and ventilation, and domestic hot water production systems) can provide savings in the primary energy consumption of up to 60%.

Design for Product Variety: Key to Product Line Structuring

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Ishii ◽  
Cheryl Juengel ◽  
C. Fritz Eubanks
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Product Variety ◽  
Product Line ◽  
Customer Preference ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Structure Graph

Abstract This study develops a method to capture the broadest customer preference in a product line while minimizing the life-cycle cost of providing variety. The paper begins with an overview of product variety and its importance in overhead costs: supply chain, equipment and tooling, service, and recycling. After defining the product structure graph as a representation of variety, the paper introduces an approximate measure for the customer importance and life-cycle cost of product variety The cost measure utilizes the concept of late point identification which urges standardization early in the manufacturing process and differentiation at the end of the process. The variety importance-cost map allows engineers to identify cost drivers in the design of the product or the manufacturing system and seek improvements. The refrigerator door example illustrates the concept. On-going work seeks to validate and enhance the method with several companies from different industries.

A Study of Life Cycle Costing in the Perspectives of Research and Commercial Applications in the 21st Century

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai M. Cheung ◽  
Linda B. Newnes ◽  
Antony R. Mileham ◽  
Robert Marsh ◽  
John D. Lanham
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Electronic Products ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Traditional Approaches

This paper presents a review of research in the area of life cycle costing and offers a critique of current commercial cost estimation systems. The focus of the review is on relevant academic research on life cycle cost from 2000 onwards. In addition to this a comparison of the current cost estimation systems is presented. Using the review findings and industrial investigations as a base, a set of mathematical representations for design and manufacturing costs and the introduction of the critical factors is proposed. These are considered in terms of the operational, maintenance and disposal costs to create a method for ascertaining the life cycle cost estimate for complex products. This is presented using as an exemplar, research currently being undertaken in the area of low volume and long life electronic products in the UK defence sector. The benefit of the method proposed is that it aims to avoid the inflexibility of traditional approaches which usually require historical and legacy data to support the cost estimation processes.

scholarly journals Engineered Resilient System Life Cycle Costing Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Allen Blash ◽  
William Butler ◽  
Lindy Clark ◽  
Kyle Fleming ◽  
LTC Jennifer Kasker
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Defense Spending ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Defense Acquisition ◽  
Cost Estimating ◽  
Tracked Vehicles ◽  
Test And Evaluation ◽  
System Life ◽  
The Cost

In order to make the best use of the defense spending budget, it is critical that the Department of Defense (DoD) accurately predict the Research, Development, Test and Evaluation (RDT&E), Procurement, and Operation and Support (O&S) costs down to the third level of the Work Breakdown Structure for Major Defense Acquisition Project (MDAP) wheeled or tracked vehicles. This research utilizes historical data, extracted from government databases, to develop cost estimating relationships (CERs) that predict the life cycle cost of wheeled and tracked vehicles based on attributes. This research can also be leveraged for defense acquisition programs across the DoD portfolio. The model will be integrated into a tradespace analysis tool, ERS & CREATE-GV, which was developed by ERDC to predict the cost of each alternative created in the tradespace.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis for Setting Appropriate Repair Cycles on the Fixed Materials and Facilities in the Public Rental Housing

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Min Choi ◽  
Yeon-Sil Lee
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Rental Housing ◽  
Maintenance Cycle ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Optimal Maintenance ◽  
The Cost

Currently, repair and maintenance cycles that follow the completion of construction facilities lead to the necessitation of subsequent data on the analysis of study and plan for maintenance. As such, an index of evaluation was drafted and a plan of maintenance cycle was computed using the investigation data derived from surveying target housing units in permanent rental environmental conditions, with a minimum age of 20 years, and their maintenance history. Optimal maintenance and replacement methods were proposed based on this data. Economic analysis was conducted through the Risk-Weighted Life Cycle Cost (RWLCC) method in order to determine the cost analysis of maintenance life cycle methods used for repair. Current maintenance cycle methods that have been used for 20 years were also compared with alternative maintenance cycles.

Life Cycle Costing of Simulated vs Actual Equipment for Intermediate Maintenance Training

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-271
Author(s):  
F. Thomas Eggemeier ◽  
Gary A. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Training Device ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Actual Equipment ◽  
The Cost

Life cycle cost estimates of training equipment for F-16 Avionics Intermediate Station personnel were developed. The major purpose was to compare the cost of intermediate level maintenance training when conducted on simulated vs actual avionics test equipment. This was the initial phase of a planned two-part effort. The analysis was therefore limited to estimates of training device acquisition and maintenance costs. Total estimated fifteen year costs for simulated equipment trainers were approximately 50% less than comparable estimates for actual equipment trainers.

scholarly journals Effect of change in role of an aircraft on engine life

2013 ◽  
Vol 117 (1196) ◽  
pp. 1053-1070
Author(s):  
A. Gad-Briggs ◽  
A. Haslam ◽  
P. Laskaridis
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Significant Life ◽  
European Theatre ◽  
Harsh Climate ◽  
Performance Conditions ◽  
Dust Ingestion

Abstract New aircraft require years of development from concept to realisation and can be prone to delays. Consequently, military operators take existing fleets and operate them in a different role. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of operating a typical low bypass military fast jet engine, originally designed for a European theatre, in a hot and harsh climate. The specific purpose is to determine the effect on the high-pressure turbine blade life and the life- cycle cost of the engine. A mission profile and respective performance conditions were analysed and modelled using an in-house performance tool. The flow conditions were simulated using ANSYS® FLUENT. A conjugated heat transfer solution was adopted to determine the blade metal temperature. The blade was modelled physically in 3D using SIMULIA® ABAQUS FEA software. The stresses were derived and used to calculate the temperature coupled low cycle fatigue and creep life. A deterioration case was also studied to evaluate the effect of sand and dust ingestion. There was a significant life reduction of approximately 50% due to creep. The reduction in life was inversely proportional to the life cycle cost of the engine depending on the operating conditions. The results were compared with similar engines and summarised in the context of airworthiness regulations and component integrity.

Life Cycle Cost Modeling of Pumps Using an Activity Based Costing Methodology

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laxman Yadu Waghmode ◽  
Anil Dattatraya Sahasrabudhe
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Product Life ◽  
Traditional Costing ◽  
The Cost

In order to survive in today’s competitive global business environment, implementation of life cycle costing methodology with a greater emphasis on cost control could be one of the convincing approaches for the manufacturing firms. The product life cycle costing approach can help track and analyse the cost implications associated with each phase of product life cycle. Life cycle costing (LCC) practices with traditional costing methods may provide results that have a severe deviation from the real product LCC as it focuses on the cost of materials, labor and a low portion of overheads apportioned by the absorption rate to the product. Activity based costing (ABC) has emerged as one of the several innovative and more accurate costing methods in recent years. It is based on the principle that products or services consume activities and activities consume resources that generate costs. Thus, the ABC system focuses on calculating the costs incurred on performing the activities to manufacture a product. This paper presents a LCC modeling approach for estimating life cycle cost of pumps using activity based costing method. The study was conducted in a large pump manufacturing company from India that has significant global standing within its industry. Firstly, all the activities and cost drivers associated with the life cycle of a pump have been identified. A methodology for LCC analysis using ABC is then developed and it is applied to two different pumps manufactured by the same industry and the results obtained are presented.

Application of the life cycle cost estimation method in transport infrastructure managing

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Anna Gobis ◽  
Kazimierz Jamroz ◽  
Łukasz Jeliński
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Life Cycle Thinking ◽  
Infrastructure Management ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
The Cost

The transport infrastructure management should be in line with sustainable development. Actions and activities that combine the environmental, social, and infrastructure expenditures optimally should be undertaken. The article presents a concept of life-cycle thinking that resolves these problems. The life cycle cost estimation method is a practical tool for managing transport infrastructure. The LCC analysis mustn’t generate more work than the benefits of it. Therefore appropriate assumptions should be made in constructing the method. The method assumes basic assumptions, taking into account the extensive scope of the research problem: transport infrastructure. The result of this article is a proposed mathematical model for estimating life-cycle costs. In the end, the practical use of the proposed methodology for determining the cost of the horizontal marking is provided.

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