scholarly journals LOGISTICS REGRESSION MODELING ON INFANT MORTALITY RATES IN EAST JAVA PROVINCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Burhanuddin Lazuwardi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Logistics Regression ◽  
Birth Factors ◽  
One Year

Infant Mortality Rate was death that occurs between the time after the baby was born until the baby not exactly one year old. Broadly speaked, from the side of the caused of infant mortality there are two kinds of endogenous infant death and exogenous infant mortality. Estimated about 8.8 million children whose age less than 5 years passed away. Based on previous data IDHs indicated that infant mortality has fallen by half, from 68 deaths per 1,000 live births for the 1987-1991 period to 32 deaths per 1,000 births for the 2008-2012 period. The purposed of this researched was to examine which factor most dominant influenced on infant mortality in East Java Province.This research used secondary data with a large sample of total population that consists of parents whose children (infants) died at the age <12 months. Variables in this study was infant mortality (IMR), Occupation, Education, Parity, Age of the mother during pregnancy. Access to antenatal care, Birth delivery helpers, and LBW. Inter-variables in this study tested its effect using logistic regression test. The conclusion of this study was infant mortality rated in East Java there 34 infant mortality per 1000 live birth. Factors affecting infant mortality rates was education and parity. Factors were not influenced in infant mortality such as Antenatal Care, Relief, LBW and Employment.Keywords: Baby Birth Mortality and Logistic Regression

scholarly journals Trends in Infant mortality rate and mortality for neonates born at less than 32 weeks and with very low birth weight

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Mauricio Barría-Pailaquilén ◽  
Yessy Mendoza-Maldonado ◽  
Yohana Urrutia-Toro ◽  
Cristian Castro-Mora ◽  
Gema Santander-Manríquez
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Year 2000

The aim of the study was to assess the trend of the infant mortality rate between 1990-2004 and the neonatal mortality between 2000-2005 in infants born at less than 32 weeks of gestational age or with very low birth-weight. Based on secondary data, infant mortality rate and by its component for Valdivia city were compared with national indicators. Mortality at <32 weeks and <1500g was calculated, establishing causes of death and evaluating its relation with specific interventions, such as the use of surfactant and antenatal corticoids. Since the year 2000, infant mortality rates have stopped their decrease in comparison to the preceding decade and the gap between national and local rates before 2000 was drastically reduced. Mortality at <32 weeks and <1500g varied between 88‰ and 200‰ of liveborns, emphasizing respiratory distress as the main cause of death. The use of corticoids and surfactant was in line with reductions in mortality rates.

Deaths in children under one year old at a health district

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Sandra Trindade Low ◽  
Ednaldo Cavalcante de Araújo ◽  
Thacia Bezerra Teixeira de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Paula de Souza Tenório ◽  
Daniela Angélica Calado Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Health District ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACTObjective: to characterize the deaths in children under one year in the Health District VI (HD VI) from Recife, in 2006 and 2007 years. Methods: this is a retrospective descriptive exploratory study, performed with secondary data of all deaths in children under one year of DSVI through the following sources: Declaration of death, Mortality Information System, Information System on Born Alive and Confidential Research Card Death in Less Than 1 Year, analyzed by statistical descriptive information into tables, using simple frequency and absolute number. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee and Research from Integrated Health Center Amaury de Medeiros (CAAE 088/08/08-0086.0.250.000-). Results: the infant mortality rate of HD VI was 68 in 2006 and 60 in 2007 with the fall in Infant Mortality Coefficient of 11.4 to 10,8. In neonatal component, there was a decrease of 8.4 to 6,7. The post-neonatal mortality was increased by 3.0 to 4.1. The main underlying cause of death identified corresponded to perinatal damage with 54,69%, calling attention to the low socio-economic levels, maternal prematurity, Apgar score less than 7 and low weight at birth. Conclusions: the neonatal mortality is still deserves special attention from health services, however, the increase observed in post-neonatal component suggests environmental and socio-economic conditions unfavorable. Descriptors: infant mortality; children’s health; basic health indicators; nursing. RESUMOObjetivo: caracterizar os óbitos em menores de um ano no Distrito Sanitário VI (DS VI) da cidade do Recife, nos anos de 2006 e 2007. Métodos: estudo Exploratório descritivo retrospectivo com dados secundários de todos os óbitos em menores de um ano do DSVI através das seguintes fontes: Declaração de óbito, Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos e Ficha Confidencial de Investigação de Óbito em Menor de um Ano, analisados através de estatística descritiva com informações em tabelas, utilizando-se frequência simples e número absoluto. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa do Centro Integrado de Saúde Amaury de Medeiros (088/08/CAAE - 0086.0.250.000-08). Resultados: a mortalidade infantil do DS VI foi de 68 em 2006 e 60 em 2007 com queda do Coeficiente de Mortalidade Infantil de 11,4 para 10,8. No componente neonatal, verificou-se um decréscimo do coeficiente de 8,4 para 6,7, Já o pós-neonatal, sofreu um aumento de 3,0 para 4,1. A principal causa básica de morte identificada correspondeu às afecções perinatais com 54,69%, chamando atenção aos baixos níveis sócio-econômicos maternos, prematuridade, Apgar menor que 7 e baixo peso ao nascer. Conclusões: A mortalidade neonatal continua merecendo atenção especial dos serviços de saúde, todavia, o acréscimo verificado no componente pós-neonatal sugere condições ambientais e sócio-econômicas desfavoráveis. Descritores: mortalidade infantil; saúde da criança; indicadores básicos de saúde, enfermagem. RESUMENObjetivo: caracterizar las muertes en niños menores de un año en el VI Distrito de Salud (DS VI) de la ciudad de Recife, en los años 2006 y 2007. Métodos: Estudio exploratorio descriptivo retrospectivo con datos secundarios de todas las muertes en niños menores de un año del DSVI a través de las siguientes fuentes: El Declaración de la Muerte, Sistema de la Información sobre Mortalidad, el Sistema de Informaciónes sobre nacidos vivos y La Ficha Confidencial de la Investigación confidencial de la muerte en niños menores de un 1 año, analizados por estadística descriptiva con la información en tablas, con frecuencia simple y el número absoluto. Este estudio fue aprobado por la Ética y el Centro de Investigación de Salud Integral Amaury de Medeiros (088/08/CAAE - 0086.0.250.000-08). Resultados: la mortalidad DS VI fue de 68 en 2006 y 60 en 2007 con la caída de la tasa de mortalidad infantil de 11,4 a 10,8. En el componente neonatal, hubo una disminución en el coeficiente de 8,4 a 6,7. En la mortalidad post-neonatal se incrementó en 3,0 a 4,1. La principal causa subyacente de muerte identificada, correspondió a afecciones perinatales con el 54,69%, llamando la atención sobre el bajo nivel socio-económico, prematuridad materna, puntuación de Apgar por debajo de 7 y el bajo peso al nacer. Conclusiones: La mortalidad neonatal sigue mereciendo una atención especial de los servicios de salud, sin embargo, el aumento observado en el período post-neonatal sugiere que las condiciones ambientales y socio-económicas son desfavorables. Descriptores: mortalidad infantil; salud del niño; indicadores básicos de la salud; enfermería. 

PUBLIC HEALTH, NURSING AND MEDICAL SOCIAL WORK

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-728
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
First Year ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
One Year

THE infant mortality rate in 1947 was the lowest on record, according to figures released by the National Office of Vital Statistics of the Public Health Service, Federal Security Agency. The number of deaths under one year recorded in the United States during 1947 was 119,173, or 8,110 more than the number (111,063) reported in 1946. However, this increase reflects the tremendous increase in the number of births during 1947 and not a rise in infant mortality. The relative frequency of infant deaths as [SEE TABLE 1,2 and 3 IN SOURCE PDF] measured by the infant mortality rate decreased from 33.8 per 1,000 live births in 1946 to 32.2 in 1947. Provisional figures indicate a further decline in 1948 to an estimated rate of 31.8. The five leading causes of infant deaths in 1947 and the infant mortality rates for each are: premature birth, 11.1 ; congenital malformations, 4.6; pneumonia and influenza, 3.6; injury at birth, 3,5; and asphyxia and atelectasis, 1.6. These leading causes accounted for 75.7% of all the infant deaths in 1947. This was the first year that asphyxia and atelectasis ranked among the five leading causes of infant deaths and that diarrhea, enteritis and ulceration of the intestines has not been in this group. The number of deaths [See Table 4 in source pdf] under one you and infant mortality rates for selected causes in the United States during 1946 and 1947 are presented in Table 2. The relative frequency of deaths under one year is greatest for the under one day age group and decreases steadily with age. Mortality is higher among nonwhite than white infants deaths and among male than female infants. The number of infants deaths and infant mortality rates in the United States for 1947 by subdivisions of the first year of life, race, and sex, are shown in Table 1.

Factors Affecting Reports of Neonatal Deaths in United States and Elsewhere

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1042-1042
Author(s):  
Laurance N. Nickey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics

Again, I have read that the United States' infant mortality rate is "a disgrace and totally unacceptable," that the Nation's infant mortality rate is 21.7 per 1000 live births, and that there are 12 countries which have lower infant mortality rates than the United States. I would very much like to challenge the Editorial Board of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Pediatrics to help clarify this somewhat mysterious but often quoted figure. I would like to see in print an authoritative report outlining the criteria for neonatal death as used in this country and its several states, and also the countries that are commonly listed in the forefront, in so far as infant mortality rates are concerned.

A Participatory, State–Community–Academic Model to Improve Pregnancy Outcomes in Texas: The Healthy Families Initiative

2020 ◽  
pp. 109019812097715
Author(s):  
Divya A. Patel ◽  
Meliha Salahuddin ◽  
Melissa Valerio ◽  
Nagla Elerian ◽  
Krystin J. Matthews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Community Factors

Background While the Texas infant mortality rate (IMR) is below the Healthy People 2020 objective (5.7 per 1,000 live births), stark differences in IMR are seen across Texas communities. Health indicators for the state suggest important missed opportunities for improving maternal and infant outcomes. The Healthy Families initiative was a collaboration between a Texas state agency, community partners, and academic institutions to understand how evidence-based interventions could be identified, adapted, and implemented to address community priorities and reduce disparities in pregnancy outcomes. Method The Healthy Families initiative included two Texas counties, one with low utilization of prenatal care and one with persistent disparities in infant mortality. The model served to (1) identify community factors influencing IMR and maternal morbidity through stakeholder engagement and secondary data, (2) build community capacity to link pregnant women with existing and newly developed services, and (3) develop partnerships within the community and clinics to improve access to and sustainability of services. Results A community-based participatory approach focused on stakeholder engagement was used to identify, design, and adapt strategies to address community-identified priorities. Conclusions The Healthy Families initiative is a unique state–community–academic partnership aimed at improving pregnancy outcomes in vulnerable communities, with a focus on promotion of capacity building, maintenance, and sustainability of maternal and infant health programs.

scholarly journals The expression of vulnerability through infant mortality in the municipality of Embu

2008 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 262-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Nabas Ventura ◽  
Rosana Fiorini Puccini ◽  
Nilza Nunes da Silva ◽  
Edina Mariko Koga da Silva ◽  
Eleonora Menicucci de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
One Year

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Infant mortality expresses a set of living, working and healthcare access conditions and opens up possibilities for adopting interventions to expand equity in healthcare. This study aimed to investigate vulnerability and the consequent differences in access to health services and occurrences of deaths among infants under one year of age in the municipality of Embu. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a descriptive study in the municipality of Embu. METHODS: Primary data were collected through interviews with the families of children living in the municipality of Embu who died in the years 1996 and 1997 before reaching one year of age. Secondary data were obtained from death certificates. The variables collected related to living conditions, income, occupation, prenatal care, delivery and the healthcare provided for children. These data were compared with the results obtained from a study carried out in 1996. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found with regard to income, working without a formal employment contract and access to private health plans among the families of the children who died. There were also differences in access to and quality of prenatal care, frequency of low birth weight and neonatal intercurrences. CONCLUSIONS: The employment/unemployment situation was decisive in determining the degree of family stability and vulnerability to the occurrence of infant deaths, in addition to the conditions of access to and quality of healthcare services.

scholarly journals Towards stronger antenatal care: Understanding predictors of late presentation to antenatal services and implications for obstetric risk management in Rwanda

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256415
Author(s):  
Christina N. Schmidt ◽  
Elizabeth Butrick ◽  
Sabine Musange ◽  
Nathalie Mulindahabi ◽  
Dilys Walker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Pregnancy Testing

Background Early antenatal care (ANC) reduces maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality through identification of pregnancy-related complications, yet 44% of Rwandan women present to ANC after 16 weeks gestational age (GA). The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with delayed initiation of ANC and describe differences in the obstetric risks identified at the first ANC visit (ANC-1) between women presenting early and late to care. Methods This secondary data analysis included 10,231 women presenting for ANC-1 across 18 health centers in Rwanda (May 2017-December 2018). Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed using backwards elimination to identify predictors of presentation to ANC at ≥16 and ≥24 weeks GA. Logistic regression was used to examine differences in obstetric risk factors identified at ANC-1 between women presenting before and after 16- and 24-weeks GA. Results Sixty-one percent of women presented to ANC at ≥16 weeks and 24.7% at ≥24 weeks GA, with a mean (SD) GA at presentation of 18.9 (6.9) weeks. Younger age (16 weeks: OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.75; 24 weeks: OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.95, 1.85), higher parity (16 weeks: 1–4 births, OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.39, 1.72; five or more births, OR = 2.57, 95% CI: 2.17, 3.04; 24 weeks: 1–4 births, OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.78, 2.09; five or more births, OR = 3.20, 95% CI: 2.66, 3.85), lower educational attainment (16 weeks: primary, OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.86; secondary, OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.47,0.76; university, OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.70; 24 weeks: primary, OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.53, 0.77; secondary, OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.63; university, OR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.32) and contributing to household income (16 weeks: OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.25; 24 weeks: OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.42, 2.55) were associated with delayed ANC-1 (≥16 and ≥24 weeks GA). History of a spontaneous abortion (16 weeks: OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.66, 0.84; 24 weeks: OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.84), pregnancy testing (16 weeks: OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.71; 24 weeks: OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.61; 24 weeks) and residing in the same district (16 weeks: OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.22; 24 weeks: OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.87) or catchment area (16 weeks: OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.23; 24 weeks: OR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.28, 2.66; 24 weeks) as the health facility were protective against delayed ANC-1. Women with a prior preterm (OR, 0.71, 95% CI, 0.53, 0.95) or low birthweight delivery (OR, 0.72, 95% CI, 0.55, 0.95) were less likely to initiate ANC after 16 weeks. Women with no obstetric history were more likely to present after 16 weeks GA (OR, 1.18, 95% CI, 1.06, 1.32). Conclusion This study identified multiple predictors of delayed ANC-1. Focusing existing Community Health Worker outreach efforts on the populations at greatest risk of delaying care and expanding access to home pregnancy testing may improve early care attendance. While women presenting late to care were less likely to present without an identified obstetric risk factor, lower than expected rates were identified in the study population overall. Health centers may benefit from provider training and standardized screening protocols to improve identification of obstetric risk factors at ANC-1.

PUBLIC HEALTH, NURSING AND MEDICAL SOCIAL WORK

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-516
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
National Office ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
One Year

ON THE basis of provisional data it appears that infant mortality in the United States has continued to improve in 1951, despite the fact that the birth rate has gone up again. The National Office of Vital Statistics, Public Health Service, has published in the Monthly Vital Statistics Bulletin for February 1952 an analysis of the telegraphic reports received from the various states for the year 1951. While the data are subject to correction [See Figure 1. in Source PDF.] and final figures will almost surely result in slight revisions, previous experience indicates that the general trend is quite accurate. Figure 1 presents the month by month comparison, throughout the year, for birth rate, death rate, and infant mortality rate. Marriage license rate is shown through November 1951. It will be noted that in every month of the year the birth rate was higher than in the corresponding month of 1950. The annual rate was 24.5 per 1000 population, 4.3% higher than in 1950 but 5% lower than the peak birth rate reached in 1947. Taking into account an estimate for births which were not reported it is thought that 3,833,000 births took place in 1951. This is the greatest number of births in one year in the history of our country.

Annual Summary of Vital Statistics—1991

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 835-845
Author(s):  
Myron E. Wegman
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Marriage Rates ◽  
Final Data

Between 1990 and 1991, provisional data show that the infant mortality rate decreased again, from 9.1 to 8.9, a decline of 2% in contrast to the 7% decline from 1989 to 1990. Birth, death, and marriage rates were also lower, but the divorce rate stayed at about the same level as in 1990. Natural increase in the population, excess of births over deaths, was less than 2 million, 4% less than the increase in 1990. Detailed analysis of changes and of the influence of factors like age and race requires final data; at the time of preparation of this report final birth and death data were available only through 1989. For a variety of reasons, including staff shortages and delays in receipt of state data by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), final data for 1990, which would usually have been available in late August 1992, are not expected before early 1993. Unlike recent years, the decline in the infant mortality rate was only in the neonatal component, which decreased 3.6%. Postneonatal mortality increased, for the first time in many years, by 1.6%, suggesting that the decline in the total is related more to therapeutic advances in neonatology than to improved prevention. Internationally, newly independent Latvia was added to the list of countries with rates less than 15, but Costa Rica was deleted. With the reunification of Germany the list shrank to 28 and, by default, the United States moved up from 21st to 20th. Some 12.5 million births, less than 9% of the world total, took place in countries with under-5 mortality rates of less than 20 per 1000. At the other end of the scale, 42% of the world's births occurred in countries with under-5 mortality rates of more than 140 per 1000. The median under-5 mortality rate for those countries in 1990 was 189 per 1000, meaning that almost 20% of the infants born alive in these countries died before their fifth birthday.

Annual Summary of Vital Statistics—1993

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 792-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myron E. Wegman
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Older Mothers

A new low in the infant mortality rate was reached again in 1993, at 828.8 deaths per 100 000 live births, a decline of 2% from 848.7 in 1992. Births, marriages, and divorces were all lower, both in number and rate. Deaths and the death rate, however, both increased and, more significantly, the age-adjusted death rate increased. A likely explanation is the occurrence of influenza epidemics in early and late 1993. The rate of natural increase declined 8%, to a level of 6.9 per 1000 population. Final figures on births for 1992 indicate that, for the first time in many years, birth rates to teen-agers declined, more among black mothers than white. Increase in birth rate among older mothers continued at a somewhat slower rate than recently; older mothers tended to be better educated than the general population in their age groups. Total fertility rates were higher among mothers of Hispanic origin than among non-Hispanic blacks who, in turn, had higher rates than non-Hispanic whites. Among Hispanics the highest rates were in those of Mexican origin. Unlike recent years, birth rates to unmarried mothers did not increase in 1992. Prenatal care coverage improved, with more mothers seeking care early and fewer receiving late or no care. Electronic and fetal monitoring was performed on more than three-quarters of all births and ultrasound on more than half. Life expectancy decreased slightly, in contrast to recent years. Among major causes of death, increases were recorded in 1993 for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, pneumonia and influenza, and HIV infection, the latter having the largest percentage increase. Internationally, infant mortality rates in most other industrialized countries declined further in 1992. Comparatively, as in 1991, 21 other countries had infant mortality rates lower than the United States.

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