scholarly journals Epidemiology of drug resistant epilepsy in adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Narodova ◽  
N. A. Shnayder ◽  
S. V. Prokopenko ◽  
V. V. Narodova ◽  
A. A. Narodov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Multicenter Studies ◽  
New Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Symptomatic Epilepsy ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Insufficient Number

This review examines the epidemiology of drug resistant epilepsy in adults in Russia and abroad. References were taken from Russian and foreign databases for the period from 2010–2017. Only full-text publications (66) were included in this review. We concluded that the despite the achievements of clinical pharmacology and the development of new antiepileptic drugs, the problem of drug resistant epilepsy remains not fully resolved today. The worldwide high prevalence rate of patients with drug resistant epilepsy substantiates the problem. Thus, the average incidence of this disease varies from 30% to 70%, depending on the type of epilepsy and background pathology, which is the cause of symptomatic epilepsy. However, we have faced the problem of the absence both in Russia and abroad of large multicenter studies on the epidemiology of drug resistant epilepsy in the analyzed period of time. We have also revealed the lack of a unified definition of the disease, which is probably one of the reasons for the insufficient number of epidemiological studies of drug resistant epilepsy in different countries of the world.

scholarly journals The ILAE definition of drug resistant epilepsy and its clinical applicability compared with “older” established definitions

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Alexandra Rohracher ◽  
Judith Dobesberger ◽  
Claudia A. Granbichler ◽  
Julia Höfler ◽  
Giorgi Kuchukhidze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Epilepsy Surgery ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Clinical Applicability ◽  
Specialized Center ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mean Time

SUMMARY Background. Early identification of potential epilepsy surgery candidates is essential to the treatment process. Aim. To evaluate the clinical applicability of the ILAE definition of drug resistant epilepsy and its potential in identifying surgical candidates earlier compared to three established “older” definitions of drug resistant epilepsy. Material and Methods. Retrospective analysis of 174 patients who underwent epilepsy surgery between 1998 and 2009. Clinical factors and course of disease were extracted from patients' charts. Drug resistant epilepsy was classified according to four definitions and the time until fulfillment of criteria compared. Results. Mean time to fulfillment of criteria of drug resistant epilepsy ranged from 11.8 (standard deviation (SD) 9.8) to 15.6 years (SD 11.3). Time to drug resistance was significantly longer applying the only definition, requiring failure of three antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) (Canada definition), whereas time to fulfillment of all other definitions did not differ. Fifty percent of all patients experienced a seizure free period of ≥1 year prior to being classified as drug resistant, 13% entered another 1-year remission after fulfilling any criteria for drug resistance. Conclusion. We conclude that the ILAE definition identifies drug resistant epilepsy, with similar latency like two of three formerly used definitions. It is an easy applicable tool to minimize the delay of referral to a specialized center. Intermittent remissions delay assessment of drug resistance for all definitions and 13% of patients enter a remission despite established drug resistance.

Prevalence of Dystonia in Antioquia, Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Marcos Solano Atehortúa ◽  
Sandra Patricia Isaza Jaramillo ◽  
Ana Rendón Bañol ◽  
Omar Buritica Henao
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
True Prevalence ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Log Linear

Background: There are few published epidemiological studies concerning dystonia. Its true prevalence has been difficult to establish. There is no data published in Latin America on this matter. Methods: In this study the prevalence of dystonias in the Department of Antioquia (Colombia) was estimated using a capture-recapture methodology with log-linear modeling, including cases in 3 centers for neurological referrals that cover the Department of Antioquia from 2007 to 2012. Results: The overall prevalence was 712 per 1,000,000 (95% CI 487-937). Of the total of 874 patients, 79% had primary dystonias, and 75.5% had focal dystonias. The delay in diagnosis was longer for primary dystonias, with a median of 1 year. Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of dystonias in Antioquia. The frequency of the different types of dystonias, as well as the demographic characteristics of our patients, is similar to data from other populations of the world.

Update and Overview of the International League Against Epilepsy Consensus Definition of Drug-resistant Epilepsy

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ting Hao ◽  
Patrick Kwan ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Seizure Freedom ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Consensus Definition ◽  
International League Against Epilepsy ◽  
Clinical Challenge ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
International League

Drug-resistant epilepsy remains a major clinical challenge. Diverse criteria have been used to define drug resistance by different researchers, making it difficult or even impossible to compare the results across different studies. To improve patient care and facilitate clinical research, the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) recently proposed a consensus definition to define drug-resistant epilepsy. This is the failure of adequate trials of two tolerated, appropriately chosen and used antiepileptic drug schedules (whether as monotherapies or in combination) to achieve sustained seizure freedom. This article outlines the framework of the consensus definition, explains how to apply it in practice and discusses the future development of its use.

scholarly journals Epidemiological studies of malaria parasite on HIV patients attending General Hospital Awo-Omamma, Oru East, Imo State,Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Treasure Njoku-Obi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Malarial Infection ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World

HIV and malaria are the two most prevalent and deadly diseases in the world. Malaria and HIV accounted for about 255 million cases in 2017, with malaria having 86% of this distribution and HIV having 14% of the distribution. Given the overlap of their geographic distribution and resultant rates of coinfection, interactions between the two diseases pose major public health problems. This study was aimed at investigating the epidemiology of malaria –HIV co-infection in respect to sex, age and its association with CD4+ count and viral load. 230 HIV sero-positive participants and 100 HIV sero-negative participants(control) were employed for this study. 52 (22.6%) of the HIV infected participants tested positive for malaria while only 9(9.0%) of the non-HIV participants tested positive to malaria. The prevalence of malarial infection in HIV positive individuals was higher in females (23.9%) than in males (18.5%). While in age group of 30-39 showed the highest prevalence (35.3%) of co-infection. A high prevalence of 47.7% was recorded with CD4+ below 200 cells/μl than 7.6% in participants with CD4+ greater than 200 cells/μl. A highprevalence (49.2%) was also detected in patients with viral load of above 10,000 copies/μl compared to that of those with viral load less than 10,000 copies/μl(12.6%). This study showed a high prevalence of malaria in HIV patients in Awo-Omamma,Oru East, Imo state. This should be considered a great concern to public health. Thus, more effort should be put in research to curb this health issue.

scholarly journals Unsatisfactory results of a drug resistant epilepsy surgical treatment: reasons analysis and treatment optimization way

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
G. V. Odintsova ◽  
M. V. Aleksandrov ◽  
A. U. Ulitin ◽  
V. G. Nezdorovina ◽  
A. A. Chuchlovin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Treatment Optimization ◽  
Unsatisfactory Result ◽  
Open Research ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Structural Epilepsy ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy

The relevance of the studied problem was caused by high prevalence of drug resistant epilepsy, an increased structural epilepsy detection and extension indications for a surgical treatment.The purpose of article consisted in a research of the reasons of low efficiency of epilepsy surgical treatment in adult population with a cross-disciplinary approach position.Material and methods.The leading approach was the retrospective open research of the failure factors at 14 patiens.Results.It was revealed unsatisfactory result of epilepsy surgical treatment was caused by a complex of the reasons. The disease features have been the main reason for a failure in 100% of cases, additional reasons: irrational pharmacotherapy -in 86%, the surgical reasons — in 36% of cases.Conclusions.The unsatisfactory result of epilepsy surgical treatment was caused by a complex of the reasons. Cross-disciplinary approach to a problem, improvement of the epilepsy managment, further researches are required.  Materials of article can be useful for the personified approach at surgical treatment of epilepsy.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and Treatment of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: Present and Future Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 779
Author(s):  
Giovanni Assenza
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Definition Of

The introduction of the operative definition of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) was a turning point for clinicians and people with epilepsy (PwE) [...]

Regional Survey of Demographical and Epidemiological of Geriatric Psychiatric Disorders in Iran

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
A. Mirabzadeh ◽  
S.K. Malakouti ◽  
P. Fatollahi ◽  
T. Zandi ◽  
M. Salavati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Dysthymic Disorder ◽  
World Population ◽  
Regional Survey ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World

Objectives:Today, about 10% of the world population are older than 65 and even it is about 30% in some of society. According to growing of population in the word and in Iran and also high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in this group, demographic and epidemiological studies are necessary.Methods:From 1422 subjects 59 years or older, who were live in Ekbatan district of Tehran, 313 subjects were chosen randomly. Finally 204 subjects were enrolled and completed the questionnaires of GDS-15, GHQ and CES-D. from study sample, 104 subjects were selected randomly and interviewed by CIDI to validate psychiatric disorders.Results:According to our study, 53.4% of subjects were women and 46.6% of them were male and 63% of the population were between 60-75. the life time prevalence for all psychiatric disorders were 35% and the period prevalence were 17.5%. 25.2% of subjects had only one psychiatric disorder and 6.8% and 2.9% of them had two and three or more psychiatric disorders, respectively. the most prevalence of psychiatric disorders were Major depressive disorder, Dysthymic disorder, OCD and PTSD, respectively. Some subjects had not engaged in treatment.Conclusion:The results of this study revealed that the psychiatric disorders in Iranian geriatric population are common. It seems that these results can be helpful for mental health services.

scholarly journals Update and Overview of the International League Against Epilepsy Consensus Definition of Drug-resistant Epilepsy

US Neurology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ting Hao ◽  
Patrick Kwan ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Seizure Freedom ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Consensus Definition ◽  
International League Against Epilepsy ◽  
Clinical Challenge ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
International League

Drug-resistant epilepsy remains a major clinical challenge. Diverse criteria have been used to define drug resistance by different researchers, making it difficult or even impossible to compare the results across different studies. To improve patient care and facilitate clinical research, the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) recently proposed a consensus definition to define drug-resistant epilepsy. This is the failure of adequate trials of two tolerated, appropriately chosen and used antiepileptic drug schedules (whether as monotherapies or in combination) to achieve sustained seizure freedom. This article outlines the framework of the consensus definition, explains how to apply it in practice, and discusses the future development of its use.

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