METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF BEARING HUBS IN MEANS OF TRANSPORT

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 191-204
Author(s):  
Zbigniew STANIK ◽  
Andrzej KUBIK ◽  
Damian HADRYŚ ◽  
Csaba CSISZÁR
Keyword(s):  
Road Transport ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Testing Device ◽  
Rolling Bearings ◽  
Regular Monitoring ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Vehicle Inspection

This article presents two methods of testing bearing hubs, which may supplement the existing subjective and unreliable methods of diagnostics of rolling bearings used in wheel bearing hubs of motor vehicles and other means of road transport. One of the most important elements responsible for the safety of a vehicle is the bearing hub. Regular monitoring of the technical condition of bearings should become an obligation at vehicle inspection stations when carrying out a technical inspection of a vehicle, authorising it to travel on public roads. This article presents the results of vehicle tests with signs of damage to rolling bearings, using two test stands: one on which the dynamic balancer acted as a device for accelerating the wheel, and the other, which was designed as a test dedicated to automotive rolling bearings, where a dynamic weighbridge was used as the wheel drive, made it impossible to test the wheel at lower rotational speeds. The newly designed and manufactured bearing testing device eliminates the disadvantages of the previous stand, and additionally, enables the measurement of a fully loaded bearing hub, which enables the simulation of real operating conditions on the bearing hub.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Brake’s Performance Dependence Upon Technical Condition of Car Tires as a Factor of Road Safety Management

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Orynycz ◽  
Karol Tucki ◽  
Andrzej Wasiak ◽  
Robert Sobótka ◽  
Arkadiusz Gola
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Vehicle Inspection ◽  
Braking Process ◽  
Inspection Station ◽  
The Impact

The social cost, as one of the factors determining sustainability of socio-economic development, is strongly dependent upon a number of casualties and mortality in road accidents. The condition of car tires appears to be one of the important factors determining the occurrence of accidents. The vast majority of vehicles are tested every year at vehicle inspection stations. One of the elements affecting the result of the technical condition test and basically the quality of vehicle braking is the technical condition of the tires. Their technical condition is a very important factor responsible for the quality of acceleration, braking, maintaining, or changing the direction of driving. As a consequence, it has a significant impact on road safety. The aim of the study is to examine the impact of tires on the results of tests performed at a vehicle inspection station. The study presents the results of bench measurements of the impact of selected features of tire condition of two vehicles during routine periodic inspections at a vehicle inspection station (VIS). The focus was on an attempt to assess the impact of inflation pressure, age, and tire tread wear on the braking process. The technical studies performed might be a source for legal steps assuring better management of road safety. It can also be expected that the tire choice and condition may affect fuel consumption, and therefore the amount of energy consumed by the road transport.

IMPROVING THE ACCURACY OF DETERMINING THE FREQUENCY

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
L.O. SAVIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Optimal Frequency ◽  
Average Operating

The paper substantiates a method for increasing the accuracy of determining the optimal fre-quency of maintenance of one of the most important units of automotive equipment operating in various climatic and road transport conditions - its engines, and also presents circuit proposals for the implementation of this method. The proposed approach makes it possible to significantly increase the accuracy of determining the optimal frequency of maintenance of internal combustion engines by taking into account their real technical condition when operating in different (different from the average) operating conditions. The article provides typical examples of calculating the determination of the optimal frequency of maintenance of automotive equipment, and also estimates the gain achieved when using the approach proposed in the work.

scholarly journals Method of multiscale coincidence of pulses for measuring temporary loads from moving vehicles in bridges and overpasses

2021 ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Andrey Levterov
Keyword(s):  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Bridge Structure ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Number Systems ◽  
Modern Development

Modern development of road transport is characterized by constant updating of the nomenclature of cars (including heavy-duty vehicles), by increasing of intensity and speed of their movement, especially in large metropolises and on roads of national and local significance. This complicates the operating conditions of spans of highway bridges to some extent, leads to their damage and early wear. The deterioration of the technical condition of the structures of the spans is largely due to the increased dynamic impact of the cars on the bridges. The purpose of this article is to measure the amplitude of oscillations of a bridge structure from temporary loads of rolling stock with non-periodic long-term loading by optical methods. In accordance with this goal, it is necessary to develop a technique and device for measuring the amplitude of oscillations of the bridge structure by converting the amplitude of oscillations in time intervals and their subsequent measurement by multi-scale pulse coincidence. In a number of works, digital deployment systems that use number systems with different bases, represented by a family of deployment functions, are considered in detail. Such digital systems in general, are described by the corresponding operating scheme. According to this operating scheme, a method of multiscale matching for measuring time intervals was developed, which formed the basis for measuring the vibration amplitude of the bridge structure. The given mathematical model of calculation of the number of measurement channels was used in the synthesis of velocity transducers and linear displacements based on optical (laser) deployment systems, information conversion devices of radar velocity sensors based on the Doppler effect. Similarly, a frequency comparison device, a digital frequency meter, a digital phase meter, and a number of other frequency-time group devices were synthesized.

scholarly journals WEAR OF SPHERICAL JOINTS OF THE VEHICLES STEERING SYSTEMS. VIBRATIONS AND THEIR ROLE IN DIAGNOSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Mihai GINGARASU ◽  
Elena MEREUTA ◽  
Valentin AMORTILA ◽  
Costel HUMELNICU ◽  
Monica NOVETSCHI
Keyword(s):  
Road Transport ◽  
Steering System ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Technical State ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Continuous Change ◽  
Driver Training ◽  
Open World ◽  
Current Context

Motor vehicles have an important role in our lives, the need for mobility making them present in daily activities. In a more open world, people want to be able to move, not only more and more, but also increasingly better. In the current context of the intensification, both nationally and internationally, of road transport, the need for safe traffic traffic is a primary objective for the operation of motor vehicles. Combining vehicle technology enhancements with an improved driver training, with a better road infrastructure design and an enforcement of existing traffic regulations is an important goal for society in order to increase road safety. During the operation of the vehicles, their component systems interact both with each other and with the external environment and these interactions are generating variations of some technical state parameters. As a result, there is a continuous change in the technical state of the vehicles, which causes variations in the dynamic, economical, air pollution, ergonomic, comfort and safety performances. This pape analyzes the vibrations of the steering system components, under different operating conditions and according to the technical state of the spherical joints. The measurements were made using a 4-channel digital recorder DA20-RION, with data processing software DA-20 VIEWER and a triaxial accelerometer Brüel & Kjær, type 4321. The paper highlights the possibility of monitorin the technical state of the spherical joints, analyzing the vibrations produced under different driving conditions of the vehicles and, at the same time, it opens the perspective of the implementation of intelligent devices to ensure the early detection of these failures.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OF FUEL CONSUMPTIONS CONSIDERING THE SPEEDS OF CITY BUSES

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
S.V. Ilyanov ◽  
◽  
N.A. Kuzmin ◽  
G.V. Borisov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Actual Distribution

At the moment, there is a large number of dissertations and scientific works covering the issues of traction-speed and fuel-economic characteristics of vehicles, the results of which are presented in the form of: regression models, approximating dependencies, mathematical models based on multivariate analysis, including a number of additional coefficients. In this connection, the use of the results of these works in practice is limited, since it requires high qualifications of the МTЕ personnel and the use of special software and hardware. At the same time, at the department “Automobile transport” NSTU named after R. E. Alekseev developed a probabilistic-analytical method for predicting fuel consumption by road trains, considering the high-speed mode of movement, which shows a high convergence of results with actual average speeds only for uniform movement of buses with a constant average speed, which is not applicable to the assessment of fuel consumption of city buses. Based on the hypothesis put forward on the applicability of the Weibull-Gnedenko distribution for calculating the average speeds of city buses and the normal distribution for calculating accelerations during movement, the tasks of this study are formulated, expressed in the development of mathematical models reflecting the dependences of speeds and accelerations during bus movement in urban operating conditions, for planning their fuel consumption. To solve the set tasks, the following experimental studies were carried out: determination of the average coefficient of total road resistance; the actual distribution of speeds and accelerations when driving city buses; determination of the average actual value of fuel consumption when the bus is moving and when idle at stopping points. Based on the results of processing experimental studies, the possibility of using the Weibull-Gnedenko law to describe the actual speeds in urban conditions and the normal law to describe accelerations when driving city buses was confirmed, which allows planning fuel consumption using the analytical apparatus of the theory of probability and mathematical statistics and using the developed methodology in practice of motor transport enterprises. Based on experimental studies and theoretical studies in this area, an analytical method for planning fuel consumption for city buses, considering the speed of their movement, has been developed, which allows planning fuel consumption without additional experiments. Carrying out such studies for other types of motor vehicles and assessing unaccounted for indicators of road, transport and natural-climatic operating conditions will create a generalized analytical method for planning fuel consumption by vehicles in various operating conditions.

Efficiency of application of the phase-chronometric method and neurodiagnostics for monitoring the degradation of rolling bearings during operation

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
A.S. Komshin ◽  
K.G. Potapov ◽  
V.I. Pronyakin ◽  
A.B. Syritskii
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Wavelet Analysis ◽  
Metrological Support ◽  
Rolling Bearing ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Measurement Information ◽  
Rolling Bearings ◽  
Vibration Diagnostics ◽  
Bearing Life ◽  
Alternative Approach

The paper presents an alternative approach to metrological support and assessment of the technical condition of rolling bearings in operation. The analysis of existing approaches, including methods of vibration diagnostics, envelope analysis, wavelet analysis, etc. Considers the possibility of applying a phase-chronometric method for support on the basis of neurodiagnostics bearing life cycle on the basis of the unified format of measurement information. The possibility of diagnosing a rolling bearing when analyzing measurement information from the shaft and separator was evaluated.

Power Test System Development and Dynamic Performance State Estimation Based on Hub Motor Vehicle

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-140
Author(s):  
Jing Gan ◽  
Xiaobin Fan ◽  
Zeng Song ◽  
Mingyue Zhang ◽  
Bin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Test System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Power Test ◽  
The Real

Background: The power performance of an electric vehicle is the basic parameter. Traditional test equipment, such as the expensive chassis dynamometer, not only increases the cost of testing but also makes it impossible to measure all the performance parameters of an electric vehicle. Objective: A set of convenient, efficient and sensitive power measurement system for electric vehicles is developed to obtain the real-time power changes of hub-motor vehicles under various operating conditions, and the dynamic performance parameters of hub-motor vehicles are obtained through the system. Methods: Firstly, a set of on-board power test system is developed by using virtual instrument (Lab- VIEW). This test system can obtain the power changes of hub-motor vehicles under various operating conditions in real-time and save data in real-time. Then, the driving resistance of hub-motor vehicles is analyzed, and the power performance of hub-motor vehicles is studied in depth. The power testing system is proposed to test the input power of both ends of the driving motor, and the chassis dynamometer is combined to test so that the output efficiency of the driving motor can be easily obtained without disassembly. Finally, this method is used to carry out the road test and obtain the vehicle dynamic performance parameters. Results: The real-time current, voltage and power, maximum power, acceleration time and maximum speed of the vehicle can be obtained accurately by using the power test system in the real road experiment. Conclusion: The maximum power required by the two motors reaches about 9KW, and it takes about 20 seconds to reach the maximum speed. The total power required to maintain the maximum speed is about 7.8kw, and the maximum speed is 62km/h. In this article, various patents have been discussed.

Research on Mode of after-Sale Reverse Logistics Operation of Auto Maintenance Industry Based on Time Window

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 4635-4639
Author(s):  
Hao Hao ◽  
Xing Gen Wu ◽  
Hong Yu Li
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Auto Industry ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Safety Testing ◽  
Internal Operations ◽  
Evaluation Mechanism

The author maintains that, with the quick development of domestic auto industry, the auto maintenance industry is progressing with high speed accordingly. The auto maintenance enterprise are inclined to focus on sales and forward supply chain operation, however, lacking of efficient resource and systematic management into reverse logistics operation, as lead to a few potential risks. In order to avoid and control the risks, the auto maintenance companies need to closely cooperate with channel supply chain partners, meanwhile build up the mode of reverse logistics operation with timing efficiency orientation. This mode consists of eight sub-system modules: organization structure, network planning and layout, reverse logistics operation procedure, time window evaluation mechanism, automatic replenishment system, reverse forecasting system, Kan-ban message system as well as disposal & reuse system. Furthermore, the article makes analysis of the internal operations and external relevance of these eight sub-systems. In recent years, with the overall opening up of road transport market and the rapid growth in domestic economy, the total number of China’s motor vehicles is entering a high-speed growth channel, and “the car goes to the country” policy further promotes the auto industry. Under the situation of quick development, the auto maintenance industry is developing by 10% to 15% each year as a young profession. According to the statistics, there are over 380,000 auto maintenance enterprises in our country at the moment, and various types of auto safety testing stations are built around one after another. The intense competition among auto maintenance manufacturing enterprises does not only focus on product quality, but also on the after-market reverse logistics. According to the statics of Gartner, 70 percent of resale is related with sales service, and 60 percent of resale is related with after market. However, except for few leading business enterprises which have realized the direct influence and value contribution of after-service reverse logistics to profit increase and customer loyalty and take action to pioneer the profit territory in the after-sale reverse logistics, the ‘price war’ is still the main competition method which the majority of enterprises adopt in the market.

Investigation of the interaction of car wheels with the stand rollers during braking

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Igor Мarmut ◽  
◽  
Andriy Kashkanov ◽  
Vitaliy Kashkanov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Power Model ◽  
Equilibrium Equations ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Complex Objects ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Four Wheel Drive

The article discusses the issues of modeling conditions for obtaining diagnostic information about complex objects. As an example, the study of the braking qualities of four-wheel drive cars on an inertial roller stand is considered. Diagnosing the technical condition of cars from the point of view of traffic safety is one of the most important problems. This is especially important for systems whose technical condition affects traffic safety: especially braking systems. Foreign and domestic experience testifies to the effectiveness of instrumental control. The diagnostic equipment includes roller stands, on which you can check the braking properties of cars. As shown by many studies, in particular, carried out at the Department of Technical Operation and Service of Automobiles, KhNADU (HADI), inertial stands provide more reliable information about the technical condition of the car. Such stands allow you to reproduce the real speed and thermal modes of the brakes (especially those equipped with ABS). To improve the accuracy of diagnosing a car on a roller stand, it is necessary to have an idea of the nature of the interaction of the car wheels with the rollers. The studies of wheel rolling on the stand rollers have been carried out by many authors since the 80s of the last century. However, all these studies were carried out on uniaxial stands and for mono-drive vehicles. Nowadays, a large number of passenger cars have four-wheel drive. Rolling of the wheels of such cars on rollers and their interaction has practically not been studied. Therefore, a return to the study of this issue is relevant. A power model of the system of interaction between the car and the stand has been developed, taking into account the design features of the stand and the design features of the car's suspension. The power model of the system under consideration contains the equilibrium equations of the body and two bridges and the equations of motion of the rollers and wheels of the car. Based on the results of the analysis of the acting forces in the "car-stand" system, the braking moments on the wheels M and the coefficients of the use of the load q during the braking tests of a 4x4 vehicle were determined. The obtained research results allowed to improve the theory of interaction of a car wheel with the rollers of an inertial diagnostic stand.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document