scholarly journals Investigation of the quality of Arctic diesel fuel imported to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-361
Author(s):  
E. L. Iovleva
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Temperature Characteristics ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
The Republic

The results of experimental studies of the quality of Arctic diesel fuel taken from various gas stations of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are shown. The main operational characteristics of Arctic diesel fuel are investigated. The work was carried out in the laboratory of the department "General, analytical and physical chemistry". Taken diesel fuel by geographic location is divided into 3 parts: central, northern and district. From each region, 3 samples of Arctic diesel fuel were taken from various gas stations. The study found that the selected main indicators of diesel fuel: density, viscosity, fractional composition and low-temperature characteristics – differ from the normative values. The worst results were shown by diesel fuel samples from the northern part of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Samples of arctic diesel fuel taken from the central part and district, generally meet the quality standards of GOST 305-82, but for low-temperature characteristics, do not meet the standard.

scholarly journals Experimental study of quality and electricity losses in low voltage rural electric networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-222
Author(s):  
O. S. Rakhimov ◽  
D. N. Mirzoev ◽  
E. I. Grachieva
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Electric Networks ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Information Database

THE PURPOSE. Due to the increase in the number of farms in the Devashtichsky district of the Sughd region of Tajikistan, over the past 3-4 years, a disproportionate distribution of electricity in the 0.4 kV network has been observed. Unbalance currents of phase loads in relation to asymmetric phase voltages at the terminals of consumers of a three-phase network cause additional losses of electricity, which can reach 21% of the standard losses. In the decree of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan dated May 10, 2009 No. 29 “On energy saving and reduction of electricity losses” it is indicated that there is a need to study the quality of electricity in rural 0.4 kV networks and its compliance with GOST 32144. 2013, as well as an assessment of losses electricity in its distribution structure is an important task in the field of rural electricity. METHODS. A single-line diagram of a 0.4 kV network with initial parameters, which were refined during the survey of the network, and the current loads of outgoing lines were investigated. Experimental studies of the quality of electricity and assessment of the level of losses in the low- voltage network were carried out using a complex measuring device «Energotester» PKE - A - C4. RESULTS. The studies allowed obtaining data on the daily consumption of electricity in individual outgoing lines, information on the characteristics of consumers, digital information (database) on indicators of the quality of electricity in low-voltage networks. CONCLUSIONS. It has been established that the main factors influencing the losses of electricity in low-voltage networks are: incommensurability of the power of transformers of transformers and consumers, uneven loading of individual phases, a significant effect of individual converters on the quality of energy. Measures are forecasted to reduce losses and improve the quality of electricity in low-voltage rural networks of 0.4 kV.

scholarly journals EXPERIENCE OF SEALING WEAK WATER-SATURATED LOESS SOILS WITH VERTICAL SAND DRAINS IN SEISMIC REGIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
R. A Mangushev ◽  
R. A Usmanov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Loess Soils ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Parameter Field ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Seismic Impact ◽  
Water Saturated

The article presents the results of studies relating to compaction of weak water-saturated forest soils and vertical sandy drains under static and seismic effects in the conditions of the Central Asian region. Considering the absence of any experimental and theoretical studies of the application of this parameter, field (in-situ) experimental studies were carried out to identify the possibilities and effectiveness of its use in conditions of weak water-rich loess soils of the Republic of Tajikistan. The article discusses changes in the basic physical and mechanical characteristics of soils and experimental structures. At the experimental site, three plots with a size of 10·10 m were prepared, where the plot was loaded without the installation of vertical sand drains; 3·3 m to a depth of 6.0 m. Static loading of experimental plots by a derivative by layer-by-layer dumping of ground material with measurement of total and layer-by-layer deformations of the packed thickness. Imitation of seismic impact with an intensity of 8 points was carried out using short-delayed explosions of explosive charges. Studies have shown the effectiveness of the use of vertical sandy drains for compaction of weak water-saturated loess soils. Recommendations are given on the use of explosion energy to improve the quality of soil compaction.

scholarly journals Forecasting the quality of mineral oils during oil refining according to the fuel and oil flow chart at Atyrau Refinery

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 01028
Author(s):  
Aigul Bukanova ◽  
Fazilat Kayrliyeva ◽  
Saule Bukanova ◽  
Nagima Karabassova ◽  
Lydia Sakipova
Keyword(s):  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Vacuum Gasoil ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Type Composition ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
The Republic

The article discusses the problem of rational oil refining at Atyrau Refinery. Based on a detailed study of the properties of low-sulfur oils of Kazakhstan, in order to assess the potential for the selection of petroleum oils, effective refining methods with modern technologies are shown. A graph is given that allows us to assess the raw mate-rial potential of the Republic of Kazakhstan for lube fractions of oil. The potential reserve of the considered deposits can fully meet the needs of the Republic in oils. The physical and chemical properties of crude oil sup-plied to Atyrau refinery, with a view to their use as raw materi-als for the oil refining and production. The results of experiments on hydrocracking of the plant’s vacuum gasoil are also presented, indicating that this refining option allows you to obtain not only light distillates (gasoline and diesel fuel), but also excellent base oils. This can significantly advance the oil refining in the enterprise as a whole. On the basis of experimental studies, the correlation dependence of the viscosity index on the hydrocarbon-type composition of oils was revealed, which allows predicting the quality of the resulting product.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF THE CRITERION OF TECHNOLOGICAL DAMAGEABILITY IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

STED JOURNAL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Kusyi ◽  
Аndrij Кuк ◽  
Oleh Onysko ◽  
Tetiana Lukan ◽  
Lolita Pituley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Modern Engineering ◽  
Main Driver

Development and implementation in mechanical engineering practice of integrated information systems for control of technological processes of manufacturing products is the main driver of economic growth of developed countries. The priority of modern engineering technology is to provide the specified operational characteristics of products in accordance with the accuracy parameters, set by designer and quality of surface layers in contrast to achieving the minimum technological cost with maximum performance for traditional approaches. Technological providing of the main operational characteristics of the product (bearing strength, wear resistance, fatigue strength, joint strength etc.) require a systematic approach, which consists in the investigation of real physical processes at submicroscopic, microscopic and macroscopic levels of research, and step- by-step tracking required parameters at all stages of the Product Life Cycle from the position of technological inheritability. It is proposed to use the method of LM-hardness to control the quality of the structure of the material from castings in the design of functionally-oriented processes. The magnitude of the technological damage of the product material serves as a criterion for optimization when choosing a variant of surface treatment of the casting. A method for providing experimental studies of castings of aluminium alloys has been developed. On the basis of the carried-out experimental researches the rational route of processing of surfaces of casting is chosen.

scholarly journals Influence of gas stations on the ecology of the urban environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 07031
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Kolosov ◽  
Sergey Yaremenko ◽  
Kirill Garmonov ◽  
Kirill Sklyarov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Gas Stations ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

The aggravation of the environmental situation in major cities of the Russian Federation has been observed in recent years. A significant contribution to the deterioration of the quality of the urban environment has a large number of vehicles and consequently the number of gas stations. They are generally concentrated within the city limits. As a result of the high level of competition of oil companies in the gas station market and the large consumption of liquid fuel oil by the urban population there is a point building of gas stations on free sites of urban development. The question of the need to improve the ecological safety of urban gas filling stations is acute and remains extremely relevant in our time. On the basis of the results of theoretical, numerical and experimental studies obtained by the authors, factors influencing spread of harmful substances from emission sources at gas stations have been identified, and their significance was established. The identified factors formed the basis of a multi-criteria analysis of the environmental impact of emissions from sources at gas filling stations. The authors have developed a methodology for assessing environmental safety of urban gas filling stations, which allows to assess the degree of impact of gas filling stations on the urban environment and to reduce their negative effect.

scholarly journals Efficiency of pelleting of sugar beet seeds in centrifugal pelleting machine

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-372
Author(s):  
V. R. Petrovets ◽  
D. A. Mikheyeu ◽  
V. P. Gnilozub
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Domestic Variety ◽  
Finished Mixture

Seed pelleting is an efficient way to improve the sowing quality of seeds. Diverse positive effect of pelleting is mostly noticeable for beet seeds. Increased size and spherical shape of seeds with shell allows to use precision seeding technology, as well as fertilizers and protective agents being part of the shell, increase their sowing potential and finally increase yields. To obtain pelleted seeds, it is required to use a specialized line with a seed pelleting machine being the main equipment. An improved design of centrifugal batch-operated seed pelleting machine has been developed and manufactured in Belarusian State Agricultural Academy. To activate the process of rolling the shell in the mixing chamber of the pelleting machine, it was proposed to use separately installed blades. Based on theoretical and experimental studies, the main structural and technological parameters of the pelleting machine has been determined to ensure the highest quality of pelleted seeds. Seeds of sugar beet of the domestic variety “Polybel” obtained in a favorable climate were selected for experimental studies. Finished mixture based on bentonite clay was selected as a filler of the seed coat. After the coat formation, the insect-fungicidal dressing agent Prestige was applied to the seeds. The seeds of sugar beet of the domestic variety “Polybel” obtained on experimental pelleting machine showed high results in germination and yield. They are comparable to imported sugar beet hybrids. Pelleting of seeds of domestic varieties of sugar beet on the territory of the Republic of Belarus can become a good alternative to imported pelleted seeds, especially considering their cost, which significantly exceeds the cost of untreated seeds.

scholarly journals Experimental study of quality and electricity losses in low voltage rural electric networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-237
Author(s):  
O. S. Rakhimov ◽  
D. N. Mirzoev ◽  
E. I. Grachieva
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Electric Networks ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Information Database

THE PURPOSE. Due to the increase in the number of farms in the Devashtichsky district of the Sughd region of Tajikistan, over the past 3-4 years, a disproportionate distribution of electricity in the 0.4 kV network has been observed. Unbalance currents of phase loads in relation to asymmetric phase voltages at the terminals of consumers of a three-phase network cause additional losses of electricity, which can reach 21% of the standard losses. In the decree of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan dated May 10, 2009 No. 29 “On energy saving and reduction of electricity losses” it is indicated that there is a need to study the quality of electricity in rural 0.4 kV networks and its compliance with GOST 32144. 2013, as well as an assessment of losses electricity in its distribution structure is an important task in the field of rural electricity. METHODS. A single-line diagram of a 0.4 kV network with initial parameters, which were refined during the survey of the network, and the current loads of outgoing lines were investigated. Experimental studies of the quality of electricity and assessment of the level of losses in the low- voltage network were carried out using a complex measuring device «Energotester» PKE - A - C4. RESULTS. The studies allowed obtaining data on the daily consumption of electricity in individual outgoing lines, information on the characteristics of consumers, digital information (database) on indicators of the quality of electricity in low-voltage networks. CONCLUSIONS. It has been established that the main factors influencing the losses of electricity in low-voltage networks are: incommensurability of the power of transformers of transformers and consumers, uneven loading of individual phases, a significant effect of individual converters on the quality of energy. Measures are forecasted to reduce losses and improve the quality of electricity in low-voltage rural networks of 0.4 kV.

Experimental Studies Of Multilayer Glass Structures On Compression, Compression With Bending And Simple Bending

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Laminated Glass ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Experimental Values

The work of multilayer glass structures for central and eccentric compression and bending are considered. The substantiation of the chosen research topic is made. The description and features of laminated glass for the structures investigated, their characteristics are presented. The analysis of the results obtained when testing for compression, compression with bending, simple bending of models of columns, beams, samples of laminated glass was made. Overview of the types and nature of destruction of the models are presented, diagrams of material operation are constructed, average values of the resistance of the cross-sections of samples are obtained, the table of destructive loads is generated. The need for development of a set of rules and guidelines for the design of glass structures, including laminated glass, for bearing elements, as well as standards for testing, rules for assessing the strength, stiffness, crack resistance and methods for determining the strength of control samples is emphasized. It is established that the strength properties of glass depend on the type of applied load and vary widely, and significantly lower than the corresponding normative values of the strength of heat-strengthened glass. The effect of the connecting polymeric material and manufacturing technology of laminated glass on the strength of the structure is also shown. The experimental values of the elastic modulus are different in different directions of the cross section and in the direction perpendicular to the glass layers are two times less than along the glass layers.

DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION IN USE OF FUEL WITH ADDITIVES

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Petar Kazakov ◽  
Atanas Iliev ◽  
Emil Marinov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Positive Effects

Over the decades, more attention has been paid to emissions from the means of transport and the use of different fuels and combustion fuels for the operation of internal combustion engines than on fuel consumption. This, in turn, enables research into products that are said to reduce fuel consumption. The report summarizes four studies of fuel-related innovation products. The studies covered by this report are conducted with diesel fuel and usually contain diesel fuel and three additives for it. Manufacturers of additives are based on already existing studies showing a 10-30% reduction in fuel consumption. Comparative experimental studies related to the use of commercially available diesel fuel with and without the use of additives have been performed in laboratory conditions. The studies were carried out on a stationary diesel engine СМД-17КН equipped with brake КИ1368В. Repeated results were recorded, but they did not confirm the significant positive effect of additives on specific fuel consumption. In some cases, the factors affecting errors in this type of research on the effectiveness of fuel additives for commercial purposes are considered. The reasons for the positive effects of such use of additives in certain engine operating modes are also clarified.

Energetic properties of peat saturated with petroleum products

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
E. S. Dremicheva
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Initial Sample

This paper presents a method of sorption using peat for elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and the possibility of energy use of oil-saturated peat. The results of assessment of the sorbent capacity of peat are presented, with waste motor oil and diesel fuel chosen as petroleum products. Natural peat has been found to possess sorption properties in relation to petroleum products. The sorbent capacity of peat can be observed from the first minutes of contact with motor oil and diesel fuel, and significantly depends on their viscosity. For the evaluation of thermal properties of peat saturated with petroleum products, experimental studies have been conducted on determination of moisture and ash content of as-fired fuel. It is shown that adsorbed oil increases the moisture and ash content of peat in comparison with the initial sample. Therefore, when intended for energy use, peat saturated with petroleum products is to be subjected to additional drying. Simulation of net calorific value has been performed based on the calorific values of peat and petroleum products with different ratios of petroleum product content in peat and for a saturated peat sample. The obtained results are compared with those of experiments conducted in a calorimetric bomb and recalculated for net calorific value. A satisfactory discrepancy is obtained, which amounts to about 12%. Options have been considered providing for combustion of saturated peat as fuel (burnt per se and combined with a solid fuel) and processing it to produce liquid, gaseous and solid fuels. Peat can be used to solve environmental problems of elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and as an additional resource in solving the problem of finding affordable energy.

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