scholarly journals Intensive Production of Carboxylic Acids Using Cl. butyricum in a Membrane Bioreactor (MBR)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husnul Azan Tajarudin ◽  
Myrto-Panagiota Zacharof ◽  
Karnika Ratanapongleka ◽  
Paul M. Williams ◽  
Robert W. Lovitt
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Cell Productivity ◽  
Carbon Recovery ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
The Cost

This work reports of the use of a bench scale chemostat (CSTR) in continuous mode and of a pilot scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) in fed-batch mode to intensively produce acetic and butyric acids using Cl. butyricum grown on synthetic media. These studies were then used to perform a cost estimation study of the MBR system to assess the potential economic impact of this proposed methodology. The MBR system was found highly productive reaching 37.88 g L-1 h-1 of acetic and 14.44 g L-1 h-1 of volumetric cell productivity, favoring acetic acid production to butyric at a ratio 3:1. The cost of preparation and production of carboxylic acids using this system was found as 0.0062 £PS/kg respectively and an up to 99% carbon recovery.

scholarly journals Intensive Production of Carboxylic Acids Using C. butyricum in a Membrane Bioreactor (MBR)

Fermentation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Husnul Tajarudin ◽  
Myrto-Panagiota Zacharof ◽  
Karnika Ratanapongleka ◽  
Paul Williams ◽  
Robert Lovitt
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Cell Productivity ◽  
Carbon Recovery ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
The Cost

This work reports on the use of a bench-scale chemostat (CSTR) in continuous mode and of a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) in fed-batch mode to intensively produce acetic and butyric acids using C. butyricum grown on synthetic media. These studies were then used to perform a cost estimation study of the MBR system to assess the potential economic impact of this proposed methodology, regarding the production of carboxylic acids. The MBR system was found to be highly productive, reaching 37.88 g L−1 h−1 of acetic and 14.44 g L−1 h−1 of volumetric cell productivity, favoring acetic acid production over butyric acid at a ratio of 3 moles to 1. The cost of preparation and production of carboxylic acid using this system was found to be 0.0062 £PS/kg with up to 99% carbon recovery.

scholarly journals Methodology for the Concept Design of Locally Reinforced Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7246
Author(s):  
Julius Moritz Berges ◽  
Georg Jacobs ◽  
Sebastian Stein ◽  
Jonathan Sprehe
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Parameter Study ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Cost Weight ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
The Cost

Locally load-optimized fiber-based composites, the so-called tailored textiles (TT), offer the potential to reduce weight and cost compared to conventional fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP). However, the design of TT has a higher complexity compared to FRP. Current approaches, focusing on solving this complexity for multiple objectives (cost, weight, stiffness), require great effort and calculation time, which makes them unsuitable for serial applications. Therefore, in this paper, an approach for the efficient creation of simplified TT concept designs is presented. By combining simplified models for structural design and cost estimation, the most promising concepts, regarding the cost, weight, and stiffness of TT parts, can be identified. By performing a parameter study, the cost, weight, and stiffness optima of a sample part compared to a conventional FRP component can be determined. The cost and weight were reduced by 30% for the same stiffness. Applying this approach at an early stage of product development reduces the initial complexity of the subsequent detailed engineering design, e.g., by applying methods from the state of the art.

Keynote

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Ingo Weber
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Distributed Ledger Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Application Developers

Blockchain is a novel distributed ledger technology. Through its features and smart contract capabilities, a wide range of application areas opened up for blockchain-based innovation [5]. In order to analyse how concrete blockchain systems as well as blockchain applications are used, data must be extracted from these systems. Due to various complexities inherent in blockchain, the question how to interpret such data is non-trivial. Such interpretation should often be shared among parties, e.g., if they collaborate via a blockchain. To this end, we devised an approach codify the interpretation of blockchain data, to extract data from blockchains accordingly, and to output it in suitable formats [1, 2]. This work will be the main topic of the keynote. In addition, application developers and users of blockchain applications may want to estimate the cost of using or operating a blockchain application. In the keynote, I will also discuss our cost estimation method [3, 4]. This method was designed for the Ethereum blockchain platform, where cost also relates to transaction complexity, and therefore also to system throughput.

Evaluation of Microbially Influenced Degradation as a Method for the Decontamination of Radio Actively Contaminated Concrete

1996 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Rogers ◽  
M. A. Hamilton ◽  
L. O. Nelson ◽  
J. Benson ◽  
M. Green
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Acceptable Method ◽  
Application Data ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACTBecause there are literally square kilometers of radioactively contaminated concrete surfaces within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) complex, the task (both scope and cost) of decontamination is staggering. Complex-wide cleanup using conventional methodology does not appear to be feasible for every facility because of prioritization, cost, and manual effort required.We are investigating the feasibility of using microbially influenced degradation (MID) of concrete as a unique, innovative approach for the decontamination of concrete. Currently, work is being conducted to determine the practicality and cost effectiveness of using this environmentally acceptable method for decontamination of large surface concrete structures. Under laboratory conditions, the biodecontamination process has successfully been used to remove 2 mm of the surface of concrete slabs. Subsequently, initial field application data from an ongoing pilot-scale demonstration have shown that an average of 2 mm of surface can be removed from meter-square areas of contaminated concrete. The cost for the process has been estimated as $1.29/m2. Methodologies for field application of the process are being developed and will be tested. This paper provides information on the MID process, laboratory evaluation of its use for decontamination, and results from the pilot field application.

The Research and Development of Mechanical Product Turning Processing Cost Estimation System

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 3612-3616
Author(s):  
Wen Quan Huang ◽  
Kai Shi Li ◽  
Hai Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Improve Design ◽  
Market Competitiveness ◽  
Processing Cost ◽  
Estimation System ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Time Standard

This paper adopts the method labor time standard, in the development environment of VC++, using Access database storage costs data, and the cost results output into Excel, developed mechanical product turning processing manufacturing cost estimation system. Using this system can realize turning processing cost estimation and feedback the cost information of mechanical product turning processing, make a design personnel to understand the cost information, to improve design, reduce the cost, improve the market competitiveness of products

Approach for Effective Design and Cost Estimation of New built / Conversion FPSO (2014)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upendra Malla ◽  
Krishna M. Karri
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Offshore Field ◽  
Effective Design

Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) sizing and cost estimation has become a challenging task at the early stages of offshore field development. During the early stages of field development designer needs to size and estimate cost in order to decide feasibility of the project. This paper describes a step by step method used to size and estimate the cost of a new built (or) converted FPSO based on basic engineering, existing FPSO data and corresponding metocean criteria for a particular location. This step by step approach covers FPSO sizing, hull structural design, mooring sizing, topsides support design and steel renewal using offshore classification rules and regulations. FPSO cost is estimated based on the design particulars (i.e. hull weights, FPSO particulars, mooring sizes etc.) and current market unit rates. This approach is an effective means to size and estimate cost of an FPSO at early stages of field development which saves overall time and cost for a client.

Insights on Cost Estimation Methods and its Uses in Software Project Design

2020 ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
Aravindhan K
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Software Project ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Software Projects ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Software Companies ◽  
Cost Estimation Model ◽  
The Cost

Cost estimation of software projects is risky task in project management field. It is a process of predicting the cost and effort required to develop a software applications. Several cost estimation models have been proposed over the last thirty to forty years. Many software companies track and analyse the current project by measuring the planed cost and estimate the accuracy. If the estimation is not proper then it leads to the failure of the project. One of the challenging tasks in project management is how to evaluate the different cost estimation and selecting the proper model for the current project. This paper summarizes the different cost estimation model and its techniques. It also provides the proper model selection for the different types of the projects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document