scholarly journals Optimising Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivation by Selection of Proper Soils

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Štefan Koco ◽  
Jozef Vilček ◽  
Stanislav Torma ◽  
Eva Michaeli ◽  
Vladimír Solár
Keyword(s):  
Potato Production ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
Potato Crops ◽  
Deep Soils ◽  
Selection Of

Growing potato demands considerable external inputs of pesticides due to its susceptibility to various pests and pathogens. Here we present an attempt to differentiate the Slovak rural landscape with respect to the possibility of effective potato cultivation and to characterise soil parameters of current potato cultivation areas with the aim to increase the sustainability of the potato production. The selection was based on soil climatic, production and economic parameters. By using the GIS tools and existing databases on soil characteristics in Slovakia, maps of soil suitability categories for potato cultivation were generated. In Slovakia, it was found that 12.3% of farmland is very suitable for potato cultivation and that as much as 43.1% is not suitable. Later the specified categories were characterised in detail and specified with respect to geographic, soil, climatic, production and economic parameters. Currently, most potato crops are cultivated on Eutric Cambisols (27%), Chernozems (20%) and Mollic Fluvisols (18%). Loamy soils (65%), soils without gravel (62%), deep soils (74%) and soil situated on plains (55%) are dominant in these regions. We suggest that potato cultivation should be concentrated on the most suitable areas, thereby increasing the economic profitability, improving the ecological stability of the country and supporting the sustainability of the agriculture.

scholarly journals Optimising Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivation by Selection of Proper Soils

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Štefan Koco ◽  
Jozef Vilček ◽  
Stanislav Torma ◽  
Eva Michaeli ◽  
Vladimír Solár
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
Potato Crops ◽  
Deep Soils ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents an attempt to differentiate the Slovak rural landscape with respect to the possibility of effective potato cultivation and to characterise soil parameters of current potato cultivation areas with the aim to increase the sustainability of the potato production. The selection was based on soil climatic, production and economic parameters. By using the GIS tools and existing databases on soil characteristics in Slovakia, maps of soil suitability categories for potato cultivation were generated. In Slovakia, it was found that 12.3% of farmland is very suitable for potato cultivation and that as much as 43.1% is not suitable. Later, the specified categories were characterised in detail and specified with respect to geographic, soil, climatic, production and economic parameters. Currently, most potato crops are cultivated on Cambisols (27%), Chernozems (20%) and Fluvisols (18%). Loamy soils (content of particles <0.01 mm is 30–45%), soils without gravel (gravel content in the depth 0.0–0.6 m is <10%), deep soils (>0.6 m) and soil situated on plains (slope 0°–3°) are dominant in these regions. We suggest that potato cultivation should be concentrated on the most suitable areas, thereby increasing the economic profitability, improving the ecological stability of the country and supporting the sustainability of the agriculture.

scholarly journals The research of dynamic impacts on the hydraulic structure foundation base, transformed in the process of accident recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 04040
Author(s):  
Zaven Ter-Martirosyan ◽  
Ivan Luzin
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Foundation Base ◽  
Dynamic Impacts ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents the results of a comprehensive research of the dynamic impacts on a modified base. The modified base was obtained as a result of compensatory injection at the experimental site for the accident recovery at the hydraulic engineering structure. The complex study of the dynamic impacts includes special laboratory tests to determine the soil parameters, the finite element analysis of the experimental site, taking into account the dynamic properties, the selection of the necessary equipment for field experiments based on the numerical solution results, a full-scale experiment with the measurement of the foundation sediments of the experimental site.

scholarly journals Distribution and incidence of viruses in Irish seed potato crops

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hutton ◽  
J.H. Spink ◽  
D. Griffin ◽  
S. Kildea ◽  
D. Bonner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Aphid Control ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
Potato Crops

Abstract Virus diseases are of key importance in potato production and in particular for the production of disease-free potato seed. However, there is little known about the frequency and distribution of potato virus diseases in Ireland. Despite a large number of samples being tested each year, the data has never been collated either within or across years. Information from all known potato virus testing carried out in the years 2006–2012 by the Department of Agriculture Food and Marine was collated to give an indication of the distribution and incidence of potato virus in Ireland. It was found that there was significant variation between regions, varieties, years and seed classes. A definition of daily weather data suitable for aphid flight was developed, which accounted for a significant proportion of the variation in virus incidence between years. This use of weather data to predict virus risk could be developed to form the basis of an integrated pest management approach for aphid control in Irish potato crops.

scholarly journals REVIEW OF OPEN SOURCE QGIS FORESTRY PLUGINS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
E. S. Podolskaia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Forest Fire Management ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
Selection Of

Forest industry today has some experience of using Open Source-programs. The article describes the Open Source QGIS plugins to solve the forestry challenges for the forest fire management and forest resources in scientific and applied research. Undertaken analysis will simplify selection of tools for a forest geoinformation project in Desktop and Web versions. A general brief description of modern plugins in QGIS (version 3.18.1) is given, and forestry plugins are characterized. An analysis of external QGIS plugins for working with forest resources and forest fires showed the heterogeneity of research, which has not identified any trends yet. Development of plugins with available data as map services for territories of different spatial coverage may be an option for the future research, while the ability to access archived data is important for the forest industry. The niche of thematic forest tasks in the modern QGIS plugin repository continues to be quite narrow. Transport and environmental applications implemented in GIS tools are more numerous and can solve some tasks of a forest project. Such review of plugins’ functionality should be done on a regular basis, following new developments and new versions of QGIS software.

Methodology of the Polyoptimization for Spatial Processes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Biłozor ◽  
Małgorzata Renigier-Biłozor
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Spatial Processes ◽  
Complex Activity ◽  
Compromise Solutions ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Selection Of

Optimization is a complex activity that aims to find the best solution for a given activity, considering all existing limitations. The best variant possible in the set of acceptable variants is sought-out. In particular, in urban areas, optimization of land use function as the beginning of a decision-making process requires performing a great number of tasks, which minimize the risk of spatial conflicts, set at the stage of studies and analyses. Polyoptimization is optimization with a vector objective function. The aim of polyoptimization is to find the best solution, concurrently applying several criteria which, due to their limitations, are conflicting as a general rule. It leads to finding compromise solutions (polyoptimum variants in the set of acceptable variants). In the paper the following ideas will be presented – the idea of spatial processes polyoptimization, the methods for determining the collection and selection of compromise solutions, the methodology for determining polioptimum states of the space use, the possibility of using polyoptimization methods that are regarded as supporting decision-making tools in the planning and management of space with the use of GIS tools. The Authors will show the benefits of using the polyoptimization. The methods of formulating and solving problems which are related to selection of optimum way use of land will be delivered.

An Analysis of the U.S. Environmental Policy: A Typology of Environmental Problem for Government Action

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-146
Author(s):  
Jae-Young Ko ◽  
Yong-Jin Cha
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Government Action ◽  
Environmental Group ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of this study is to examine the selection of policy tools for environmental problems under the incremental tradition, concentrating on the regulatory role. Our aim is to propose a typology composed of political significance and detection of source. This typology implies that the problem decides its own policy tool. This argument is discussed by reviewing different types of environmental problems, and suggests that for successful enforcement, the selected policy tool is expected to match the problem. The possibility of hypothesis building on the policy's success/failure is considered. The expansion of the U.S. EPA's role is recommended for environmental policy whose goal should be ecological stability. Finally, the necessity and usefulness of environmental group as a policy tool is considered.

scholarly journals Effect of pirimicarb application on field ppulations of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) (Homoptera: Aphididae) with different esterase levels

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-747
Author(s):  
Rui S. Furiatti ◽  
Sonia M. N. Lázzari
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Crop Season ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Potato Crops ◽  
Selection Of

The frequency and intensity of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) resistance were studied using bioassays and biochemical tests in two potato crops in Ibicoara, Bahia. Both areas received several insecticide applications which failed to control M. persicae. By the end of the crop season, one of the areas received two applications of pirimicarb and the other was not sprayed. Six samples of 700 aphids each were randomly collected before and after the pirimicarb applications, with an interval of four days. Specimens of M. persicae were also collected from isolated potato plants. At the laboratory, the samples were characterized by the CL50 based on insecticide bioassays and by total esterase activity using colorimetric assays. After the pirimicarb applications, the susceptible (S), the moderate resistant (R1) and mixed S/R1populations presented decreasing resistance frequencies (from 36.6 to 9.9; 12,0 to 7.5 and 11.4 to 5.9%, respectively). On the other hand, high resistant individuals (R2), extremely resistant (R3), and mixed populations of R1/R2 had increasing frequencies (from 17.7 to 36.7%; 2.3 to 9.1%, and 20.0 to 30.8%, respectively). The survival of S individuals was probably due to their wandering behavior on the plants to avoid sprayed areas. All changes in frequency were reflected in the LC50 and in the resistance ratio (rr). In the pirimicarb untreated area, high frequencies of R2, R3 and R1/R2 were observed. High frequency and resistance intensity of M. persicae in areas under intensive insecticide applications can be related to the selection of resistant populations and due to the entrance of winged migrants from spontaneous plants, where the frequency of R2+R3 was 81.4%.

scholarly journals Occurrence and dynamics of Impatiens parviflora depending on various environmental conditions in the protected areas in Slovakia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Bobuľská ◽  
Dagmar Macková ◽  
Radovan Malina ◽  
Lenka Demková
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Impatiens Parviflora

Abstract Biological invasion as one of the main threats to natural ecosystems has big economic impact on conservation of nature. Studies of the population biology of invasive species may allow more precise focus on specific plant and soil characteristics involved in invasiveness. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between selected biological population characteristics of Impatiens parviflora and a few chosen chemical and physical soil features. Sites were selected because of the poor mapping of invasive plants in the protected natural areas and their interactions with specific soil characteristics. Research on I. parviflora was realised during a vegetation season in three forest nature reserves in Prešov district, Slovakia. Some population biological characteristics of I. parviflora as one of the most invasive plant species in Slovakia and Central Europe were surveyed. The correlation between the numbers of plants was analysed, as well as select population biological characteristics of I. parviflora (plant height, width of the largest leaf and the number of flowers/fruits) on some select chemical and physical soil attributes (soil pH, bulk density, porosity and soil moisture) were analysed. The results suggest that biological characteristics of I. parviflora in three different microhabitats – a meadow (a habitat without tree vegetation), a habitat close to the stumps and a habitat under dense tree vegetation seemed to influence the selected soil parameters. Our results showed that I. parviflora prefers acidic and non-compacted soil conditions. Sunlight and soil moisture do not show statistically significant differences on any biological characteristic of the population. The results also suggest that the autecology of I. parviflora in Western and Central Europe is not very well known and deserves further study.

scholarly journals Modelling the Terroir of the Douro Demarcated Region, Portugal

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 02009
Author(s):  
Helder Fraga ◽  
Ricardo Costa ◽  
João Santos
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Hydric Soils ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Very High ◽  
Vast Range ◽  
Selection Of

The Douro Demarcated Region (DDR) is one of the main winemaking regions in Portugal. Viticulture is tied to the Douro region, having a strong impact on the local economy. This mountainous region, characterized by the slopes of the Douro Valley, provides a vast range of environmental characteristics for winegrapes. Different climatic conditions, soil characteristics, topography, varieties and practices comprise the Douro terroirs, resulting in the uniqueness of the wines produced. In the current study, an assessment of the homogeneous viticultural zones is proposed for the Douro, by integrating different terroir elements (thermal, hydric, soils, topography and vegetation), using state-of-the-art very-high resolution datasets (1-km) and a large number of variables. A multivariate zoning was carried out using a principal component analysis (PCA) and a subsequent clustering. A geospatial assessment of the terroir elements was also performed separately for each sub-region in the DDR. The connections of the different terroirs prevailing at a given location were also innovatively assessed. This zoning may promote a more appropriate selection of vineyard sites, the selection of more locally-adapted varieties and rootstocks and the adoption of appropriate viticultural practices. The present study may be a standard methodology that can be applied to other winemaking regions worldwide.

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